The common name of the drug is articaine + epinephrine. It is produced in ampoules with a piston mechanism made of durable transparent glass. It is supplied with a protective foil, which is used in Western countries for this group of drugs - articaine-containing. Each anesthetic capsule has a transparent film containing information about the use, composition and dosage of the medication, as well as storage methods (this should be a dark place, out of reach of children and temperature changes). Standard - shaded, dry box or box, protected from light, drafts. The temperature is not higher than 25 degrees, as this leads to rapid deterioration of the medication. Shelf life - about two years, is released (should, at least) as prescribed by the attending physician.
Pharmacokinetics
"Articaine INIBSA" is a local anesthetic. It is used for minor operations, dental interventions (particularly in the treatment of pulpitis and tooth extraction) and for suturing. It is a strong pain reliever, so the first dose is carried out under the supervision of medical personnel, as the drug has many side effects.
Very effectivequickly and for a long time, providing a strong anesthesia of the injection site, side effects, although numerous, occur infrequently and therefore articaine is considered the best pain reliever for anyone who does not suffer from intolerance to such drugs.
The specificity of properties and therapeutic action gives articaine a high anesthetic ability and the necessary duration of the analgesic effect for most dental procedures associated with work in close proximity to the pulp. At the same time, due to the speed of disintegration and excretion of the drug, there is no cumulative effect - multiple injections practically do not increase anesthesia at the intervention site.
Artikain INIBSA is considered to be quite an effective remedy. The manufacturer, the Spanish medical laboratory Laboratory INIBSA S. A., supplies various anesthetics to Russia, as well as equipment for conduction anesthesia, etc. Due to the introduction of sanctions in 2016, the import of drugs has become very complicated. Recently, it has been replaced by the Russian-made Septanest brand of articaine.
Composition
One ampoule of "Articain INIBSA" includes:
- 1, 8 ml solution;
- articaine - 72 mg (in 1 ml - 40 mg);
- epinephrine - 0.018 mg (in 1 ml - 0.01 mg).
Doses
In dentistry - 0.5-1.8 ml, depending on the severity of the damage and the size of the tooth, with othercases of local anesthesia - depends on the situation. The maximum dosage in adults is 7 mg per kilogram of body weight, for children under 12 - 5 mg.
"Articaine INIBSA" (1:200000) provides the main anesthetic effect by blocking the nerve endings at the injection site. Disabling sensitivity means that there is a chance of accidental damage to the anesthetized area. Most often, the tongue and cheek suffer from this during dental treatment - two out of ten patients manage to bite something into themselves because of this.
Epinephrine (in the Russian medical nomenclature - adrenaline) accelerates blood flow, enhances the work of the heart, thereby reducing the time required for the onset of the drugs. However, in large quantities (from 3 μg / kg / min) it causes vasoconstriction and, as a result, an increase in the duration of action of anesthetics. Sold in the form of a package with one hundred ampoules, each weighing 1.8 g.
When administered subcutaneously, the effect occurs in about 5-10 minutes. With intramuscular injection, the time of onset of action depends on the condition of the patient himself and his muscle tissue.
Instructions
"Artikain INIBSA" instructions for use advises to apply as follows.
The drug is drawn into the syringe through an ampoule with a pump mechanism. The injection is carried out nearby, or directly into the intervention area, depending on the type of action.
Contraindications
- High sensitivity to the main components of the drug, bordering on allergic reactions (articaine, epinephrine, s altstartaric acid, sulfites, etc.).
- Tachycardia and other disorders associated with the rhythm of the heart.
- Heart failure.
- Angle-closure glaucoma.
- Asthma, especially sulfite triggered.
- Anemia due to lack of vitamin B12.
- Blood cholinesterase deficiency.
- Diseases of the central nervous system, myasthenia gravis.
- Severe liver failure (porphyria).
- A pronounced form of hyperthyroidism (excessive activity of the thyroid gland).
- Early age (less than four years old).
Dangers associated with taking the drug
- Intravenous administration of the drug (specifically, "Articaine 4 with epinephrine INIBSA") is undesirable, as this can provoke a sharp change in pressure, as well as shutdown of the nervous system in most of the body.
- The introduction of articaine directly into the focus of inflammation is unacceptable, since the injection itself will be extremely painful, and the drug will not be able to disperse over the area due to severe edema.
- Do not reuse opened ampoules as the solution may be spoiled or unsterile.
- With caution, the remedy should be used by children under 12 years old, the elderly, people suffering from endocrine diseases, or receiving drugs similar in effect (myoblockers, anesthetics, etc.).
- Pregnant and breastfeeding women can take articaine with little or no concern for the he alth of their children. In special laboratory studies, it was found that the drug haslow permeability relative to the placenta around the fetus and is not found in breast milk at concentrations that may affect the development of the child.
Possible side effects from the use of the drug "Articaine INIBSA" 1:200000:
- Allergic reactions (from hives to anaphylactic shock).
- Swelling and inflammation at the injection site.
- Minor arrhythmias.
- Headache, dizziness, disorientation when the drug is injected into the area near the vestibular center.
- Nausea, vomiting, loose stools.
- Very low chance of ischemia in the injection site, sometimes reaching tissue necrosis (with intravenous injection or overdose).
The highest concentration of articaine in the blood is reached after 10-15 minutes, regardless of the presence of a vasoconstrictor in the composition of the drug. Excreted from the body 6 hours after administration by the kidneys, neutralized by the liver to inactive components.
Interaction with other drugs
- In combination with antidepressants and MAO inhibitors, the hypertensive effect increases, blood pressure rises sharply (stably rises to 150/100), which is dangerous for most people, especially for hypertensive patients.
- Vasoconstrictors increase pain relief and prolong its effect.
- Adrenergic blockers in combination with articaine increase the chance of developing a hypertensive crisis andbradycardia.
Overdose symptoms
- Weakening of the activity of the central nervous system after its short-term excitation, severe trembling of the limbs.
- Sensation of stupor, concussion, severe dizziness accompanied by vomiting.
- Various hallucinations, hearing impairment and orientation in space.
- Lower blood pressure, heavy breathing.
- Loss of consciousness.
If signs appear, stop using articaine, put on the back or on the side and allow free, uncomplicated breathing (it is advisable to lay in a semi-lateral position - in case of vomiting, the patient will not choke in his own secretions). Then it is necessary to start measuring the pulse and vascular pressure, interrogate the person to determine the symptoms, call the ambulance to call the brigade and prepare special medicines in order to provide an urgent restoration of body functions in case of deterioration (the use of a resuscitation kit is still undesirable without medical supervision).
Reviews
In Russia, "Artikain INIBSA" received good reviews from many doctors and patients, as it is easy to use, relatively inexpensive (considering the form of release in 100 anesthetic cartridges).
For the drug "Artikain INIBSA" 1:200000 the price varies depending on the form of release and the place of purchase. For a pack of 100 cartridgespharmacies in Moscow and the Moscow region ask from 2.9 to 3.7 thousand rubles. There is a trend of piece trade with a one-time need: on average, the price of an ampoule "Articain INIBSA" is 33 rubles.
It is rare in pharmacies in Siberia and the Far East, as a small amount of goods is imported into the country, and it is distributed to medical centers and hospitals in Central Russia.
Recently, imports have decreased even more due to international sanctions, one of the points of which was a ban on the export of medicines of foreign origin to Russia. However, this issue is being actively resolved at this time.
And do not forget that self-medication with any drug can lead to negative consequences, ranging from lack of treatment results to a tragic outcome. Therefore, any medication should be taken only as prescribed by a specialist, treatment should be carried out under the supervision of a doctor.
