In the article we will consider the symptoms and treatment of blood poisoning.
One of the most dangerous infectious diseases is blood sepsis, the consequences of which can be extremely severe. In medicine, sepsis is also called blood poisoning. The occurrence of this pathology is due to the development of systemic inflammatory reactions to the entry of an infectious agent into the human blood. The aggravation of this situation will be ascertained in the case of an advanced stage of pathology, which can be triggered by the action of toxins that were formed during the vital activity of certain microorganisms.
Symptoms of blood poisoning everyone should know.
The occurrence of sepsis and its causes
The development of sepsis is often due to a weakened immune system. The causes of infection can serve as viral diseases, for example, infectious lesions of the digestive system. The launch of this process occurs as a result of the presencefocus of infection and repeated penetration into the blood of the same dangerous pathogen. Such a pathogen may be staphylococcus, streptococcus, fungus and other parasites. Symptoms of blood poisoning in humans are not easy to recognize at first.
Weakening the body
The chances of developing sepsis increase many times in case of weakening of the body's defenses, especially in the presence of factors that contribute to the suppression of immunity. We are talking about frequent stress and bad ecology. Other factors include the following preconditions:
- Surgical operations that are accompanied by a large loss of blood.
- Development of cancer.
- Having AIDS.
- Development of blood diseases.
What are the symptoms of blood poisoning, many are interested.
Medication
The intake of immunosuppressive drugs plays a negative role in the formation of infection. Those people who have a history of certain chronic diseases are primarily at increased risk. In this situation, even a harmless disease can provoke symptoms of blood poisoning, as a weakened body will not be able to cope with an infectious agent that begins to multiply actively and develops strong resistance to drugs.
Symptoms of pathology
The signs of sepsis are directly dependent on the form of the disease, and in addition, on the nature of itthe course and localization of the focus, as well as the rate of spread of infection. Symptoms of blood poisoning are usually as follows:
- Paleness of the wound site along with dryness of the affected area.
- The appearance of a headache and an increase in body temperature up to 40 degrees. However, temperature fluctuations are likely throughout the day.
- The appearance of chills and rapid heart rate.
- Dramatic weight loss of the body.
- Lower blood pressure in a patient.
- Occurrence of shortness of breath along with increased sweating.
- The appearance of thrombosis with swelling.
- Development of lymphadenitis and blisters on the skin, and in addition, herpes on the lips.
- Appearance of bleeding in the mouth.
- Presence of redness of the eye sclera.
Photos of symptoms of blood poisoning in humans can be shocking. The general condition of patients with sepsis worsens significantly with the passage of time. This is due to a violation of the work of all internal organs, from the kidneys with the heart, ending with the liver, pancreas and spleen. In many situations, there is a failure in the normal functioning of the thyroid gland, which affects the entire endocrine system. Against the background of the appearance of sepsis, hepatitis can occur. The disease is often accompanied by a violation of the chair, and in addition, there are bouts of nausea, loss of appetite and vomiting. Dryness of the tongue is also considered a typical symptom of blood poisoning (the photo below shows its mechanism).
Septicopyemia
One of the variationssepsis is septicopyemia, which is characterized by the formation of a purulent abscess on various organs, which, as a rule, is accompanied by intoxication of the body. In the event that the pathology develops without metastatic ulcers, then we will talk about such a pathology as septicemia. Its main feature is the accelerated development with the severity of the general symptoms of blood poisoning.
Forms of blood poisoning
Medical science identifies several of the following main forms of sepsis:
- A form of infection through the skin. This form develops as a result of infection in the blood due to a small skin injury, such as a scratch or pustular formation.
- Gynecological form. This type usually occurs in women during the postpartum period or as a result of abortions.
- Tonsillar form of sepsis can be formed as a result of a complicated course of tonsillitis or tonsillitis.
- The otogenic form of infection occurs due to the spread of infection from the ears. The disease can also gain strength against the background of the presence of purulent otitis media.
- The odontogenic form of blood sepsis occurs when the oral cavity becomes infected in the event that an active inflammatory process of the gums and teeth develops.
- Cryptogenic form. This diagnosis is made when the focus of inflammation cannot be determined.
We have identified the symptoms and causes of blood poisoning. What is the risk?
What are the possible consequences?
Consequences of sepsismay lead to the development of an irreversible polysystemic process. The appearance of general intoxication of the body, along with the above symptoms, poses a serious threat to life.
Against the background of the process of blood poisoning, infectious septic shock begins to develop, which is the most severe complication of the disease. The late stage of a state of shock begins with the appearance of a clouding of consciousness, which may eventually end in a coma. With such behavior of the organism, the patient's condition can be regarded as critical. In this case, blood pressure will have a rapid downward trend. A patient in this condition will require urgent resuscitation. In the event that effective measures are not taken within an hour, death may immediately occur.
How to recognize signs and symptoms of blood poisoning in a timely manner?
Diagnostic measures
Diagnosis of sepsis involves, first of all, the accurate identification of pathogens that have entered the bloodstream, and requires the identification of the source of infection. The patient is given a blood test, while the biomaterial is taken from a vein. Among other things, microorganism cultures are carried out. In parallel with this, the degree of sensitivity to antibiotics is determined.
In complicated situations, an emergency study is carried out based on express analysis in order to isolate genetic pathogens. Using this method, after an hour and a half, doctors manage to detect a large number of bacteria that caused the first symptoms of blood poisoning.
How is sepsis treated?
The principle of treating blood poisoning is to eliminate the infectious focus. After its identification, specialists carry out sanitation and surgery. The treatment includes the treatment of the wound with the help of ultrasonic low frequency. For these purposes, antiseptics are successfully used along with proteolytic enzymes.
The relief of manifestations is carried out with the help of antibiotic therapy. Directly, the treatment regimen is selected depending on a particular pathogen. For example, if a staphylococcal infection occurs, it is advisable to use medications such as Rifampicin and Fuzidin.
Suppression of an aggressive enzyme is carried out by specialists with the help of inhibitory drugs. Further, in relation to the patient, an infusion of glucose is carried out along with the appointment of various vitamins, immunomodulators and supplements that contain protein. Particular attention is paid to the introduction of vitamin B2, which is involved in metabolic processes and stimulates the immune system.
In some situations, specialists perform a second surgical intervention, which involves opening an abscess and tying the veins. One of the effective methods of treating such an infection is considered a blood transfusion. For this, doctors use blood substitutes, for example, "Polyglukin". Good results can be achieved as a result of laser processing. In order to avoid a decrease in the total blood volume, patients are prescribed Polydez.
Further therapeutic treatment is carried out in order to increase the body's resistance, and in addition, to increase its overall resistance to all infections. In this case, the fundamental technique is the adjustment of the patient's diet, in which they add variety to the diet by including vegetables and fruits that contain vitamins, and high-calorie foods are no less important.
What should be done to prevent blood poisoning?
Prevention of blood poisoning is based on the timely elimination of foci of purulent infections, which are the source of blood poisoning. Also, as part of the prevention of sepsis, explanatory work is of no small importance. The purpose of such work is to prevent any attempts related to self-treatment. It is also extremely important to timely seek medical help in the event of minor injuries that are accompanied by active inflammation. This also includes preventive measures aimed at the treatment of carious teeth, and in addition, the treatment of diseases such as tonsillitis and osteomyelitis, along with inflammation of the middle ear, sinusitis and other focal chronic infections.
Folk treatment
The most common folk treatment for sepsis is eating foods that are red in color. These foods help purify the blood. These include, for example, red beets along with dark grapes, cherries, raspberries, blackberries, cranberries, red cabbage, bell peppers and red onions. It is also advisable to use the followingfolk remedies:
- Pour half a glass of hot milk, pour strong fresh tea leaves into the container and add a third of a teaspoon of s alt. Next, sprinkle the product with a pinch of crushed dandelion root. The resulting mass is stirred, cooled and drunk twice a day. Treatment is only a week. In the evenings, you can add a little more honey.
- It is necessary to cleanse the intestines by means of enemas from s alted water. Enemas are given every other day in order to better remove toxins.
- Crushed nettle leaves are applied to a festering wound as part of the first aid, which helps to stop blood poisoning.
- In order to prevent the consequences of infection and eliminate its symptoms, doctors recommend using fresh cranberry juice, which should be drunk in the first week in a glass three times a day.
Be that as it may, the most important thing is to detect blood poisoning in time and immediately start treating it with antibiotics. This is especially important for patients with reduced immunity, as they hardly notice the symptoms of infection in their bodies.
We looked at the symptoms and treatment of blood poisoning.
