Unfortunately, the process of growing up does not always go unnoticed. In some cases, due to hormonal surges, many unpleasant symptoms and diseases may appear. One of them is the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty (HSPP).
Let's take a closer look at the basic information about the disease.
What is hypothalamic puberty syndrome?
It represents a wide variety of symptoms, the appearance of which was provoked by violations of the hormonal metabolic functions of the body as a result of damage to the hypothalamus and adrenal glands.
At the same time, the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty in girls is about 10 times more common than in boys.
In the medical literature, there are many other names for this disease: juvenile basopilism, pubertal basophilismperiod, diencephalic syndrome of pubertal-adolescent period, dispituitarism of pubertal-adolescent period, pubertal-adolescent dispituitarism, syndrome of pubertal basophilism.
Symptomatology and diagnosis of the disease
Hypothalamic pubertal syndrome can be accompanied by many specific symptoms. At the same time, they are observed in one or simultaneously in several body systems.
So, what are the signs of hypothalamic pubertal syndrome?
- From the side of metabolic processes. Patients are worried about constant thirst and a noticeable increase in appetite. During the examination, the specialist notices a uniform deposition of fat in the shoulders, neck, hips, lower back. In this case, the face becomes rounded and has a pathological blush.
- From the side of the nervous system and psyche. Patients complain of frequent dizziness, headaches, deterioration of memory and sleep, fatigue, depression, irritability, tearfulness. An objective examination determines the different size of the pupils, as well as the deviation of the tongue away from the horizontal line, the asymmetry of reflexes, nasolabial folds and palpebral fissures, horizontal nystagmus.
- From the side of the cardiovascular system and blood pressure. The disease is accompanied by its decrease. In 55-75 percent of cases, the pressure is asymmetric, labile, and arterial hypertension may be observed. In addition, there may be a violation of the rhythm of the second tone above the aorta, intracranialhypertension, increased secretion of cortisol and aldosterone in the blood, retinal angiopathy.
- From the reproductive system. Failures can be observed in the form of menstrual irregularities, uterine bleeding. The doctor also conducts an objective study. Young people who have hypothalamic syndrome of puberty look a little older than their age. At the same time, their puberty occurs 1-2 years faster in comparison with their peers. In boys, the face acquires a female type, hair grows very poorly on it even after puberty. Gynecomastia may develop. With all this, the dimensions of the penis, scrotum and testicles are fully age-appropriate and reach their final development by the age of 15. As for girls, they develop secondary sexual characteristics ahead of time. Failures usually begin some time later (up to five years) after the start of the first menstrual cycle. They manifest as amenorrhea, uterine bleeding, very painful menstruation, hypomenstrual syndrome. Possible ovarian enlargement.
- From the side of the skin. The patient complains of dryness of the skin and violation of their integrity (stretch marks) in the abdomen, shoulders, thighs, mammary glands, as well as excessive hair growth. During an external examination, the doctor additionally notes the marble-cyanotic color of the skin and the presence of thickening of the stratum corneum in the area of the shoulders, elbows, as well as in places of clothing friction. In addition, the skin is cold to the touch, especially in the thighs and buttocks. It contains striae of pink orred color and excessive hair.
In addition to all this, there is an increase in the thyroid gland.
Causes of the disease
Establish the exact cause of such a disease as hypothalamic puberty syndrome, scientists have not yet succeeded. It is only known that several factors can contribute to this process, such as frequent infectious diseases in childhood or the presence of a hereditary predisposition, birth trauma.
Pathogeny of hormonal disease
Hypothalamic syndrome of puberty can occur as a result of hereditary or non-hereditary factors.
In the first case, from generation to generation, carriers of the adiosis genotype pass on cells that are able to accumulate fat in themselves, while changing the intestinal mucosa. Patients with this type of disease have hyperliposynthetic metabolic processes and increased intestinal absorption, as well as enzyme defects.
In the second case, namely in the presence of non-hereditary factors, the nuclei of the hypothalamus are damaged or disturbances in the interaction of pituitary and gonadotropic hormones.
Classification
Based on different indicators, the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty can be divided into types.
Depending on the nature of the course of the disease:
- stable;
- regressive;
- progressive;
- recurrent.
Depending on clinical course:
- with predominance of neurocirculatory disorders;
- with predominance of hirsutism;
- predominantly obese;
- mixed.
Depending on severity:
- heavy;
- medium;
- easy.
Depending on shape:
- vegetative-visceral;
- nerve-trophic;
- hypothalamic epilepsy;
- vegetative-vascular;
- neuromuscular;
- psychosthenic, pseudoneurasthenic;
- impaired performance and sleep;
- thermoregulation disorders;
- neuroendocrine.
Who can I turn to for help?
Who will help eliminate such a disease as the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty? Reviews of those who have encountered this problem suggest that you need to contact several doctors at once. This is an endocrinologist, a pediatrician, an otolaryngologist, a neuropathologist, and for girls, an additional gynecologist.
At the same time, observation by a doctor is mandatory, since the disease is characterized by a sharp deterioration in the condition during stressful situations and in the absence of necessary therapy.
Hypothalamic syndrome of puberty: treatment options
Getting rid of disease involves taking pharmaceuticals, following a specially designed diet, and exercising. At the same time, for a successful recovery, it is important to strictly follow all the instructions of the doctor. For convenience, consider each oftypes of therapy separately.
Medicated treatment
What drugs will help get rid of such a disease as the hypothalamic syndrome of puberty? Treatment involves a combination of several types of therapy to eliminate all of his symptoms.
- Lipotropic drugs.
- Antihypertensive therapy.
- Sedatives.
- Resorption therapy.
- Anorexic drugs (Orlistat, Meridia).
- Means to improve blood microcirculation ("Cavinton", "Stugeron", "Cinnarizine").
- Drugs to improve the nutrition of cell structures ("Cerebrolysin", "Nootropil").
- Dehydration therapy ("Furosemide", "Magnesium sulfate", "Voroshpiron").
Diet and exercise
First of all, it is important to review the diet. It is necessary to cancel numerous snacks, avoid overeating. At the same time, it is important to remove all high-calorie foods from the teenager's menu, such as fatty meat, chocolate, ice cream, fast food, and so on.
Treatment involves diet 8. It includes reducing the calorie content of dishes due to carbohydrates and partly fats. It also provides for the introduction of vitamins C, E, A into the diet and fasting days.
Physical activity is aimed at reducing the amount of fatmasses. It should include morning exercises using special exercises, outdoor games, sports, water treatments, evening walks.
Forecast for the future
As statistics show, complete elimination of the disease occurs in 20-40% of cases.
20 percent of patients have progression of the disease.
The rest have a latent form of the disease, which is characterized by the occurrence of relapses. Those, in turn, can lead to the development of hypertension, diabetes, infertility, complications during childbirth, hypothalamic syndrome of neuroendocrine form, secondary ovarian sclerocystosis.
Prevention
The main ways to prevent the occurrence of hypothalamic syndrome of puberty are adolescents to follow a he althy lifestyle and follow the rules of rational nutrition. It is important to have physical activity and frequent walks in the fresh air.
In addition, sanitation of chronic foci of infection is mandatory.
Be he althy!
