The stump tab allows the dentist to restore the full functionality of a badly damaged patient's tooth. Part of the product is placed in the root of the tooth, and the other part is located on the surface and is a support for the crown, which will be installed in the future.
General information
The stump tab can be cast, in other words, solid or collapsible. Products are modeled individually for each patient, which is an advantageous difference from template pins in size and shape. Such prosthetics are widely used to restore the integrity of teeth.
The stump tab can act as an independent type of prosthetics. But most often it is a reliable basis necessary for high-quality fixation of the crown. The service life of such products is at least ten years, nozzles made of precious metals serve up to twenty years or more.
Indications
In dental practice, this element is installed in the following cases:
- Progressive destruction of the apex (more than 60%) under the conditionhe alth of the dental canal (otherwise the stump tab is not installed).
- The need to strengthen the dentin before applying the crown.
- Reinforcement of dentine prior to bridges.
Contraindications
Inlay on a tooth cannot be placed on a patient with the following contraindications:
- Poor quality healed channels.
- Complete degradation of channels.
- Cyst.
- Granuloma.
- Inflammation affecting tooth tissues.
- Unhe althy tooth mobility.
- Manifestation of allergic reactions to the materials used.
How is the installation done?
The treatment process is lengthy, due to a strictly individual approach. In the dental laboratory, each patient has their own inlay for the tooth. The minimum installation period is one week. It should be borne in mind that high-quality work is carried out in specialized conditions (good dentistry, a clinic with a dental office). Do not contact dubious specialists.
What to expect from a doctor on your first visit?
The initial visit to the dentist is accompanied by a whole range of activities:
- Removal of cavities affected by caries.
- If necessary, manipulations are carried out to treat the dental canal, including removal of the pulp, treatment of the cavity with antibacterial drugs (the tab can be fixed on teeth with several roots or with one, the main thing is that they are he althy anddurable).
- Filling.
- Preparation of the dental canal orthopedically. The doctor conducts deep drilling, reaching the roots. This type of pin will subsequently be inserted into the vacated cavity.
- The dentist takes an impression of the working tooth and neighboring ones placed on the opposite jaw. This approach allows you to model a perfectly convenient tab. Modern centers use computer simulation. In this case, the equipment itself scans the jaw, and the product is created using a special robot.
- Implementation of temporary dental fillings.
Second visit
The next visit to the doctor involves the following manipulations:
- Removal of temporary filling.
- Re-sanitation of cavities and canals, drying.
- The stump tab for the tooth is fixed with special solutions.
Modeling of the coronal part can be implemented in two ways. The first is by veneering the surface of the inlay with composite, which can be done at the time of reapplication. If it is necessary to carry out a more durable and high-quality restoration, an impression is taken from the top of the pin, which is sent to the dental technician (any dentistry uses his services). Prosthetics are carried out later.
Third visit if required. The stump tab for the tooth is covered with a crown.
Types of products
The main function of these elements is to strengthen the tooth. Forinlays are made using the most reliable and durable materials, which determine the type of product:
- Made of precious metals. Usually gold is used, which is strong and durable. There is only one drawback of this type - excessively high cost.
- Zirconium oxide, titanium tabs. Such materials are characterized by high strength and are completely biocompatible with the human body. Patients practically do not develop allergic reactions. Zirconium products are distinguished by high aesthetics. The disadvantage is that when removing the tab (for whatever reason), it must be drilled out along with the tooth tissues.
- Cob alt chrome look. The tab can cause allergies, but this is a very good option, based on the price / quality ratio.
- Ceramics. The element has a high aesthetic performance, but the strength leaves much to be desired. Usually these inlays are used to restore front teeth.
- Metal ceramics. The product has a metal core and a ceramic shell. Such a stump inlay for a crown is cheaper than a ceramic one, and at the same time much stronger.
Product Advantages
Installing tabs has the following positive characteristics:
- The doctor has the ability to restore even those teeth that are very badly damaged in the upper part.
- The tab is fixed with a permanent filling material, which prevents the development of carious lesionson the border of dentin and the element itself.
- Better strength.
- The crown can be replaced without removing the product (aesthetic dentistry).
- Prosthetics are performed when support is needed for bridges and various types of crowns.
- The dentist, at his discretion, can change the direction of the supragingival surface in relation to the pin itself when correcting anomalies in the position of individual teeth.
- Aesthetic.
- Used for restoration of posterior and anterior teeth.
- Stump tab under the crown is securely fixed.
- Quality product has an anatomical shape and fits snugly to any cavities. This ensures even load distribution.
- Large range of materials.
- Reliable fixation of the crown.
- Long life.
Collapsible or solid?
A cast core is often used to restore those teeth that have only one root. Collapsible products are recommended to be installed on multi-rooted teeth. Non-separable models consist of a stump and a pin, and the stump serves as an imitation of the crown part of the tooth, where the crown is subsequently installed. This design can be cast in parts and as a whole. If the patient needs to install bridges or clasp prostheses, the cast insert allows you to avoid grinding adjacent teeth. Such systems are more expensive than collapsible counterparts.
Production of stump inlays
Most nozzles are made inaccording to the following algorithm:
- An impression is taken from the previously prepared tooth. It should be borne in mind that the preparation for the tab is carried out using a drill. As a result, a finished cavity for the nozzle is formed, which has an individual configuration.
- According to the cast, the technician makes a model of the teeth (usually from plaster) in the laboratory.
- A section of the prepared model with a tooth is being scanned.
- Computer simulation of the inlay is being implemented.
- The computer sends a three-dimensional model of the product to the milling machine, where it is cut out.
- The nozzle is fired in special ovens.
- The product is fixed on the patient's tooth.
Multi-root tabs
The production of such elements in a dental laboratory is no different from the production of a simple single-root tab, but provided that the tooth channels are parallel.
If this requirement is not met, in case of detection of two-channel teeth, tabs can be used in which there is one full and a second additional pin. It will enter a modified or artificially formed second channel.
If the tooth is three-channel, it becomes necessary to install collapsible structures. The simplest but most reliable way to manufacture these elements is to model a monolithic pin with channels for arranging additional ones. Such manipulations will solve the problem in most cases. AtWhen installing, the doctor must choose the main root for the introduction of the main pin. Work on the restoration of the tooth begins with him.
What is the difference between tabs and pins?
The pin is a template design, which is a screw. It is installed at the root of the tooth. Metal under pressure can damage the weakened walls of the roots of the teeth, which causes loosening and loss. The stump nozzle evenly distributes the load, which eliminates negative consequences.
Root requirements
As noted above, a stump pin tab can only be installed if the dentist is confident in the reliability of the root. In addition, it is necessary to exclude the development of inflammatory processes.
The root must be longer than the height of the tab itself. The walls of the site must be of sufficient thickness, at least 1 mm. This will allow the system to resist chewing pressure. It is good if at least some part of dentin remains above the gum.
The dentist grinds down all remaining walls of the tooth up to 1-2 mm. The inlay should cover the remaining tooth stump. In some cases, gum trimming is required. This helps to expose the subgingival part of the root. After such manipulations and the installation of a temporary filling, the patient must wait for about 14 days for the coagulated area to epithelize.
Rehabilitation and Recovery
Before prosthetics, the tooth is prepared, so after installing the tab, complications such as pulpitis or secondary caries may develop. In a numberclinical pictures manifest pain. To avoid the occurrence of such consequences, it is necessary to follow the doctor's recommendations exactly.
Tab care
After the installation is complete, you must follow some simple hygiene rules:
- Twice daily cleaning.
- It is best to use soft-bristled brushes to clean a fitted tooth and adjacent gum. In addition, it is shown to use special dental brushes, threads that will help keep the spaces between the teeth clean.
- After eating, the mouth should be rinsed with warm water or dental solution, which freshens breath and has an anti-inflammatory effect.
- Twice a year, an examination by a specialist is indicated (for prevention purposes).
Prosthetic cost
This method is quite expensive. The dependence of the price on the materials of manufacture is indicated below:
- Stump tab (price indicates the lower limit) single-root metal - 2000 rubles.
- Two-root metal tab - from 3000 rubles.
- Ceramic nozzle - from 12,000 rubles.
- Zirconia tab - from 15,000 rubles.
Instead of a conclusion
Only an experienced, qualified specialist working in appropriate conditions (licensed dentistry, clinic with a dental office) is able to carry out all the manipulations at the proper level. Don't skimp on dental he althcontacting a practicing dentist will eliminate the need for re-prosthetics.
