Such a dermatological disease as chronic eczema can be found in almost ten percent of the world's population. Consider it in more detail in this article.
Description of disease
At the initial stage, there is a slight inflammatory process on the surface of the skin, which, if ignored, becomes chronic. Although this disease is not contagious (the only exception is chronic microbial eczema), many people at the sight of it begin to shun the patient, especially when exposed areas of the epidermis are affected.
In addition, the chronic form of the disease can be provoked by an incorrectly chosen method of treating an acute one, when the symptoms of eczema are pronounced. Also, most patients make a huge mistake when they stop using drugs immediately after the signs of the disease disappear from the surface of the epidermis.
It is worth noting that acute and chronic eczema are closely related. A significant role is played by the maintenance of certain hygiene rules, which are recommended by specialists during the treatment of an acute form, and a special dietary regimen. Since when ignoring this, it would seem that thethe disease may return, but already in a chronic form.
What can provoke?
Eczema is classified as a polyetiological disease. It can be provoked by both external and internal factors. Very often they are combined with each other.
Throughout life, any person can be at risk of this disease more than once, but this is possible only under certain conditions, when nothing interferes with the development of the disease, and the situation only contributes to this. First of all, diseases of the nervous and endocrine systems play a large and probably the most important role.
If you rely on the theory of neurogenic pathogenesis, then nervous and psychological diseases, as well as stress and disruption of the functioning of the brain can reflexively cause an epidermal reaction. There are a number of disorders that are defined as cutaneous neurosis. It should be noted that in the presence of pathologies on the internal organs, this disease can also manifest itself. This happens when the skin becomes particularly sensitive. Then any external negative factor contributes to the faster occurrence of eczema.
The second of the main reasons why chronic eczema occurs is greater sensitivity to various allergens. This happens after the body gets used to the action of a substance for a long time, and as a result, with the slightest change, the immune system perceives another substance as a foreign body and expresses it with an allergic reaction.reaction.
Reasons for appearance
Why does chronic eczema occur? The reasons for its appearance are various. These include:
- stress, neurosis, psychological illness;
- disorders of the endocrine system, especially during pregnancy or menopause;
- diseases in the digestive system, as well as an imbalance in the intestinal microflora.
Also chronic eczema occurs when:
- violation of the functioning of the urinary system, as well as the kidneys;
- microbial skin lesions;
- presence of fungal infections;
- worm infestation;
- exposure to the epidermis of external factors such as artificial resins, metals, household chemicals and much more;
- exposure to natural allergens such as pollen, dust, wool;
- deficiency in the body of proteins and vitamins belonging to group B (this disease often occurs during starvation);
- presence of any chronic infectious diseases;
- use of certain pharmaceuticals.
All these reasons provoke changes in the skin. The latter are almost invisible in the initial stages. With the further development of the disease, when the diagnosis of "chronic eczema" is already made, the above causes only contribute to inflammatory processes and disorders in the immune system, which can no longer fight the disease.
Very often this disease can be found on the hands of peoplewith professions such as cleaner, builder, handyman, physician. Their skin is constantly under the influence of some substance, as a result of which it negatively affects the condition of the skin.
Wet type
Chronic eczema is divided into two types:
- weeping;
- dry.
The first type is quite severe and is present mainly on the upper limbs. Chronic eczema of the hands is characterized by the occurrence of erosions in which exudate appears - a liquid of a purulent nature. When the pus comes out, after it dries, peeling forms in the form of a crust, but at the same time, the inflammatory process under it continues to develop.
Dry eczema
The second type of the disease is characterized by keratinization and skin thickening.
In addition, there are several subspecies of this disease, which differ from each other in that their occurrence was provoked by different factors:
- Atopic, or idiopathic - it is mainly seen on children's skin. It proceeds severely and can affect any part of the epidermis.
- Sycosiform eczema - inflammation of the hair follicles contributes to its development.
- Varicose - observed on the lower extremities in the presence of varicose veins.
- Dyshidrotic - it can be seen on the soles of the feet or palms. Determined by peeling large plates. The main provocateur of this type of occurrence is sweat. When rash is possible notonly itching, but also painful sensations. This kind of eczema is very difficult to cure.
- Corn-like, or tylotic, - like the previous form, is observed only on the palms and feet. In this case, keratinization of the skin occurs, which is accompanied by increased itching.
- Occupational eczema occurs in people who are constantly in contact with various chemicals in the workplace, as soon as this stops, the signs of the disease disappear.
- Chronic microbial eczema is characterized by the fact that inflammatory processes occur as a result of an infectious lesion of a bacterial nature. Such a disease can occur near skin lesions, such as abrasions and wounds. When it flows, a purulent crust appears.
- Allergic eczema occurs due to an allergen that provokes the onset of the disease.
In some cases, seborrheic dermatitis can be attributed to eczema. Since with all its signs and symptoms it is very close to this disease.
Special attention is paid to the occurrence of the disease in children. Although it is called food-induced diathesis, in some cases it does not go away and takes the form of atopic eczema.
Where does it manifest?
The most common chronic eczema on the hands, face, neck, forearms. In more rare cases, the foot, lower leg, head, and chest may be affected. It is not difficult to determine the diagnosis of the disease - just contact a specialist who will examine the patient more carefully and prescribe the necessary treatment in his case.
Solutions anddecoctions
When there is a weeping form of the disease with many erosions, bandages soaked in an astringent and antiseptic solution are prescribed. In this case, it is attributed:
- "Tannin";
- boric acid;
- "Rivanol".
In addition, it is allowed to use infusions and decoctions from medicinal plants, such as:
- plantain;
- coltsfoot;
- chamomile;
- sage.
Treatment
If only an acute form of eczema, then ointments are used, which include a glucocorticosteroid. For the neck and face, preparations are recommended less concentrated than for other parts of the body. Steroid drugs are prescribed for a short period of time. Since with their long-term use, negative consequences can occur in the form of skin atrophy, fungal infections, as well as other equally serious side effects.
When chronic eczema is observed, the treatment of the feet is as follows: at the beginning of the course, a special ointment is applied to the film for several days, which is attached to the affected area and left for a couple of hours or for the whole night. So the medicine is better absorbed through the keratinized cover. In some cases, special agents are prescribed to not only soften, but also help to eliminate layers.
When chronic eczema occurs due to fungal or bacterial infection, antimycotic and antibacterial ointments are prescribed.
To avoid the use of hormonal drugs during treatment, special agents are prescribed, the action of which is aimed at improving the functioning of the immune system. After the inflammatory processes have significantly decreased, for greater efficiency, more ointments are prescribed that nourish and moisturize the skin.
Eczema brushes. Treatment
For patients who have chronic eczema of the hands, individual treatment is necessary. Since the result does not depend on the elimination of the source of the disease, but on the body itself and its perception of medications. The patient's lifestyle also plays a significant role.
The following remedies are generally recommended:
- antihistamine drugs that inhibit the effect of the pathogen on the body;
- sedative drugs;
- vitamins A, B, C, PP.
Also mandatory means that are used externally:
- solution "Tannin" or "Resorcinol" for lotions;
- hormonal cream "Akriderm" or "Triderm";
- to eliminate itching, the following remedies are recommended: "Gestan", "Fenistil", dermatol, boron-naftalan, tar ointment;
- oil suspension containing norsulfazole.
Recommendations for the treatment of hand eczema
When chronic eczema of the hands is diagnosed, the treatment is not only the use of drugs, but also the following recommendations:
- infirst of all, streamline the daily routine, including mandatory outdoor walks in it;
- not only reduce water procedures, but at the same time replace the daily remedy that was used before with a milder one;
- should try to avoid any contact with household chemicals;
- try not to get a lot of sunlight on your hands, but in some cases, on the contrary, a light tan and ultraviolet are necessary.
Diet during treatment
Also, if you have chronic eczema of the hands, diet cannot be treated. This is necessary in order to eliminate all possible pathogens. Very often they can become:
- all sorts of nuts;
- strawberry;
- chocolate;
- citrus.
You also need to give up fried, smoked and spicy foods. The most suitable cooking methods would be:
- steam cooking;
- baking;
- stewing.
The daily diet itself should consist of:
- cereals;
- boiled veal or rabbit;
- stewed vegetables;
- apples, preferably green.
When a person has chronic eczema (its photo is presented at the beginning of the article), then he is strictly forbidden to drink drinks containing even a small amount of alcohol.
Doctor's advice
With this disease, completelyit is almost impossible to recover, despite the fact that the patient turned to a specialist at the initial stage. Treatment in this case is aimed at alleviating the course of eczema and preventing exacerbations.
Every patient can do this, following the recommendations of doctors:
- stick to diet food;
- prevent the occurrence of infectious diseases;
- monitor the state of the gastrointestinal tract.
