Intramuscular injection of most antibacterial substances, vitamins, antispasmodics, antipyretics and so on. Often, the procedure is carried out by ambulance paramedics to quickly relieve pain, lower pressure or temperature, and calm the patient. Pharmacologists at leading companies today are trying to limit the number of injections as much as possible and develop vaccines that are effective and fast when administered orally, but so far doctors are more likely to prescribe injections. Therefore, the ability to properly make intramuscular injections can be useful to anyone.
Basic Requirements
The main thing when injecting into the buttock and administering any injection is sterility. Therefore, the preparation stage should be given special attention. It is necessary to take into account the age of the patient in order to make the injection painless. Physiological features are such that the skin of children needs to be wrinkled a little, and adults need to be stretched. This will relieve some of the pain andespecially true for those who will give injections to children.
It is important that the same place can be injected only twice a week. Violation of the rule will lead to the formation of swelling and bruising. If a course of several injections is prescribed, then you need to choose three places that are not too close and alternate them. Oily solutions should be warmed before administration.
Steps of the procedure
How to make an injection in the buttock? First you need to prepare all the necessary materials and tools. You will need soap (not necessarily antibacterial, a regular toilet will do), a disposable towel (or a clean one), a plate for tools, gloves, syringes, needles, alcohol wipes or an antiseptic, a place for garbage. Then you need to choose the injection site and make an injection, and then throw away all used tools and materials, as well as wash your hands thoroughly. This is where the whole procedure ends, but for some time it is necessary to monitor the patient's condition in order to provide timely assistance in case of an allergic or other undesirable reaction to the administration of the drug.
Required Items and Materials
The table surface is difficult to disinfect, so you need to prepare a plate to put all the tools. The plate must be washed well with soap and wiped with an antiseptic, such as cotton wool with chlorhexidine or an alcohol wipe. Gloves are often neglected at home, but they are necessary because of the sterilitythere is no speech. Such protection is needed from infections for both the patient and the one who gives the injection.
As for the syringe, its volume should correspond to the amount of medicine, and if you need to dissolve the solution, it is better to take a larger syringe. Needles will be needed if the drug needs to be dissolved. For example, a dry preparation dissolves as follows: a solvent is drawn into the syringe, then the cap is pierced with a needle and the solvent is released into the ampoule. It must be shaken without removing the needle to dissolve the drug. The solution is then drawn back into the syringe. After such manipulations, you need to change the needle, because the one with which the lid was pierced is no longer sharp enough.
You will need 70% alcohol or chlorhexidine. For home use, antiseptic wipes, which can be purchased at any pharmacy, are better suited. You need to think about where to put the waste material: lids, napkins, tool packaging. It is better to immediately discard the materials in a separate box or bag so that they do not fall into clean tools.
How to properly wash your hands
Injection at home in the buttock - it's easy even for a beginner. The main thing is to follow the instructions completely. You will have to wash your hands at least three times: before collecting tools, before the procedure and after the injection. Interestingly, most people don't know how to properly wash their hands to actually kill all pathogens and bacteria.
First you need to wet your hands and take some soap. It is more hygienic to use liquid, without aromatic and otheradditives. Rub the soap between the palms of both hands, first from the inside, and then from the outside. Thoroughly wash the space between the fingers and rotate the base of the thumb.
Then it remains to carefully wipe the palm of one hand with the fingertips of the other hand, change hands, rinse thoroughly. It is advisable to separately lather each finger on the hands and wrists. Then you need to dry your hands with a towel and use it to turn off the faucet.
Preparing the site for the procedure
An injection in the buttock for adults can be done in any position. The person can stand or lie down. But the one who does the procedure should be comfortable. Hands should not shake so that the needle does not have to be jerked during the injection. You need to choose a convenient place so that you can safely put a plate with tools and it is convenient to reach it. Another essential element is good lighting. If natural light is not enough, you can put a table lamp.
Where to inject the medicine
How to make an injection in the buttock? Where to inject? To make it easier to navigate, you can draw a large cross with iodine right on the buttock. Draw a vertical line first, then a horizontal line. You need to put the injection in the upper outer corner. If it is still not clear, then you can draw a circle in this place. For marking, you can use not only iodine, but also a cosmetic pencil or lipstick. Just be sure to make sure that the particles of the funds do not fall on the injection site itself.
Wrong choice of injection site can lead to negative consequences (up to paralysis of the lower body). The lower part of the buttocks is dangerous due to the proximity of the sciatic nerves, damage to which can lead to complete or partial paralysis of the body.
How to inject in the buttock
In this difficult (but only at first glance) case, it is enough to follow the instructions. How to properly inject in the buttock is described step by step below:
- Wash your hands well with soap and a plate for tools.
- Scrub the plate and hands with antiseptic. Immediately after processing, throw away the cotton wool or napkin in a pre-prepared place.
- Five alcohol wipes or the same number of small cotton balls soaked in antiseptic, put on a plate.
- Prepare an ampoule with medicines and a syringe with a needle. Wash your hands again.
- Put on medical gloves and treat them with an antiseptic.
- Process the ampoule and carefully open it. Put on a plate for tools and materials.
- Open the package with the syringe. Open the needle and draw up the medicine.
- Turn the syringe with the needle up and release the air gently.
- Treat the patient's buttocks with an alcohol wipe or antiseptic. First, wipe a large area from the bottom up (in one direction) or from the periphery to the center, then (already with another napkin) the place where the injection is to be given.
- Take the syringe in any convenient way. You need to enter perpendicular to the skin, in one motion. There is no need to drive the needle all the way,about one third should remain outside. Otherwise, there is a risk of breaking the needle.
- You can start injecting the medicine. This is a critical part of such a procedure as an injection in the buttock. It is necessary to ensure that the syringe and needle do not twitch, do not rush. You can hold the syringe with one hand and press with the other - it's more convenient.
- Take an alcohol swab or cotton swab and put it next to the injection site. With one movement, withdraw the needle and quickly press the wound.
- To slightly anesthetize the injection site and speed up the entry of the medicine into the body, you can lightly rub or massage it.
- You don't need to rub anything with a napkin, just press and hold a little.
- You must throw away all used tools and materials, and then wash your hands.
If you need to give yourself an injection
How to put an injection in the buttock, if you need to do it yourself and ask for help from no one? In this case, it will be more difficult to hit the right place on the buttock, so it is better to stab in the outer part of the thigh. You need to sit on a chair and relax your leg. The optimal place is the middle third of the thigh on the outside. The preparations and process are similar to giving an intramuscular injection to someone else's buttocks. If the right place is difficult to hit, a crease can be formed and stabbed into it. But the crease should only contain fat, not muscle.
Some tips and notes
If an injection in the buttock is painful, the medicine should be administered slowly, because it is more comfortable for the patient. suitablespeed - one milliliter in ten seconds. No need to be afraid to once again treat your hands, skin or ampoule with an antiseptic. If you need to change the needle, then you should not remove the cap before installing it on the syringe, because you can inject yourself. For the same reason, you should not try to close the needle with a cap if it has already been removed. If it is very scary to give an injection in the buttock, you can practice (at least, for example, on chicken fillet).
When you can not give an injection without a specialist
Everyone can make a correct injection in the buttock, but in some cases it is better to consult a doctor or nurse. You can not self-medicate, especially give injections. The treatment regimen must be prescribed by a doctor. The specialist will determine the appropriate drug, dosage and diluent.
The first injection with a new drug is best done in a clinic or hospital, because drugs that are injected into the body enter the bloodstream faster, and all reactions appear strongly and almost immediately. If suddenly something goes wrong, the doctors will immediately respond and help the patient, and unforeseen situations are possible at home. Many drugs have severe side effects, can cause unwanted reactions or allergies, so you should not inject new drugs on your own.
It is worth refusing to self-administer the medicine if a person is sick with HIV / AIDS, hepatitis and other dangerous infections that are transmitted through the blood, or it is not known whether he has these infections (no current certificate). In order to excludethe risk of infection, it is better to entrust the procedure to specialists. Doctors and nurses have more experience, and they dispose of instruments properly.
Besides, if there is an opportunity to use the help of doctors, then it is better to do so. Intramuscular injection is inexpensive and short-lived, and amateur performance can end very badly. It is also necessary to contact a nurse if it is very scary to inject yourself, and your hands are shaking.
If the injection was done incorrectly
Incorrect injection into the buttock can adversely affect the general condition of the patient. The most harmless consequence is a hematoma (bruise), which does not require treatment and disappears in a few days. You can make an iodine mesh, although even doctors are already questioning the effectiveness of this method. True, it certainly won't do any harm. An infection can be a consequence of a regular injection, but this happens very rarely. To prevent such an unpleasant consequence, it is necessary to disinfect all objects and materials used. Although when reusing the syringe, disinfection will not fully help. For this reason, all injection items must be disposable.
The most dangerous negative consequences of an incorrect injection are anaphylactic shock, numbness and allergies. Numbness can be prevented with proper injection technique. To prevent an allergic reaction, you need to carefully study the composition of the drug. There is always a human factor, so even a doctor can make a mistake by prescribinga medicine that contains ingredients that cause an allergy in the patient.
