What is a bruise? Bruises or hematomas are subcutaneous extravasations of blood that occur most often after mechanical injuries, after a blow. Formed when small blood capillaries break. They do not cause serious he alth effects, they are rather a cosmetic defect. They disappear a few days after the injury.
What is a bruise?
Bruises are skin changes that occur after an injury. As a result of a bruise, dark blue spots appear on the skin. They occur, most often, after a mechanical injury, such as a blow, sprain, or a fall from a height. As a rule, they have a diameter of 1 cm or more.
Bruises - what are the reasons?
Causes of bruising - damage to small capillaries in the skin and subcutaneous tissue as a result of injury. Blood from these vessels penetrates into the surrounding tissues. The color of the bruise depends on the intensity of the injury and the amount of blood that has come out of the capillaries. The more intense the injury, the darker the color of the change on the skin will be. The color scheme of bruises is veryvaried - from weak bruises of dark blue, purple to black spots. Later they acquire shades of yellow and green. This is due to the breakdown of hemoglobin in red blood cells.
The size of the bruise depends on the surface of the injury. Not necessarily a bruise should be associated with the site of the bruise. If a large amount of blood leaks from the vascular capillaries, it can move under the skin and spread over a large area.
Bruises on the skin do not appear immediately, but only 1-2 days after the injury. This is due to the process by which they arise. The bluish coloration is due to the main component of red blood cells, that is, hemoglobin, which contains an iron atom. Over time, bruising is subject to resorption by the body. How long does it take for them to disappear? The resorption time of a bruise depends on its size. Generally varies from 7 to 14 days.
When to go to the doctor?
Bruises in and of themselves are not something formidable. They do not carry any consequences, except for a cosmetic defect, which disappears at the moment the bruise disappears. Their appearance does not require a visit to the doctor. However, there are some provisions that should encourage you to visit a doctor. One such case is frequent bruising that you can't relate to a specific bruise.
Their appearance with minor bruises, which, as a rule, should not cause bruising, may be a reason for increased caution. These conditions requirediagnostic procedures to exclude reduced blood clotting and hemorrhagic defect. For this purpose, a blood test and a clotting time test are most often performed.
You should also distinguish other similar skin changes from bruises and bruises. Bruises on the extremities have a mesh circle. And regular changes on it, scattered over a large area, may indicate acne. In this condition, you should consult a doctor.
How to treat hematomas?
The first step in treating bruises is to prevent them from forming. Unfortunately, injuries are usually not predictable. However, you can act after receiving it, reducing or completely preventing the formation of a hematoma.
How to remove a bruise at home? First, you need to cool the site of injury. This reduces the flow of blood to the site and frees up its flow. Light pressure also works in a similar way. People who are exposed to frequent injuries (for example, playing sports) can purchase drugs with a cooling effect on bruises in the form of an ointment or spray. They can be quickly used at the site of injury. They are ideal for the treatment of bruises, sprains, bruises.
In addition to preventing bruising, they reduce swelling and act as a pain reliever. If you do not have any gel or cooling ointment for bruises, you can use special gel dressings that are cooled in the refrigerator before use. A good way to get rid of bruises are, for example, wraps done quickly with any chilled liquid or frozen object. The compress should be removed periodically so as not to cause too much hypothermia of the tissues.
In addition to the compress, it is necessary to apply pressure to the injury site to reduce its blood supply. You can put an elastic bandage on the bruise and leave it on for the first hour after the injury. The position of the limb higher than the rest of the body (raise arms, legs) also contributes to a decrease in blood supply. Of course, you should not make intense movements, as this increases blood flow to the damaged area and the growth of the bruise.
At the stage of resorption of bruises, the heating of the limb and the acceleration of the blood supply to the damaged area are more favorable. This increases the flow of leukocyte cells and accelerates the outflow of hemoglobin degradation products.
Ointments for hematomas
Bruises usually disappear on their own without further intervention. However, you can speed up the process of their resorption by applying ointments and compresses to the skin. One of the most effective ways is heparin ointment. It accelerates the decomposition of the hematoma. For a long time, with any bruises, bruises, calendula ointment is also used. These drugs are sold in pharmacies. They accelerate the process of resorption of the bruise and the healing of blood vessels. They are used several times a day on the surface of the injury.
Dark circles under the eyes
Not always bruisesassociated with trauma. Dark circles under the eyes are also widely known after a sleepless night or with prolonged fatigue of the body. What is a bruise under the eye and why does it occur? It appears as a result of a weakening of the strength of the collagen fibers that form the vessels and surround the connective tissue in the skin of the eyes. Dark circles on the eyelids, often with accompanying swelling, can occur as a symptom of many diseases or represent a genetic predisposition.
Basically, this symptom is not a change dangerous to he alth or life, it is just a cosmetic defect. However, it is worth paying attention to it, because one can assume a deterioration in the state of the body or the occurrence of a disease in general. Especially if the bags under the eyes appeared for the first time in my life, and at the same time, the swelling is intensely intensifying.
This is an alarming signal and it is worth considering that in addition to taking independent actions in order to eliminate bruises under the eyes, you should consult a specialist.
Bruises under the eyes as a symptom of the disease?
What is a bruise under the eye and in what diseases does it appear? Dermatomyositis (a disease of a rheumatic nature) should be attributed to diseases that can manifest themselves in such "shadows".
The consequence of an injury associated with damage to tissues, skin or bones of the face (fracture of the bones of the nose) is a bruise. A photo of such bruises is presented below.
Besides the listed conditions, dark circles undereyes can accompany many pathologies, including:
- heart failure;
- hypertension;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- hypothyroidism;
- diabetes mellitus;
- vitamin deficiency;
- parasitic infections.
Ways to deal with dark circles
How to get rid of bruises under the eyes? First of all, you should think about what is the cause of this condition. If the symptom appears after a long day or a sleepless night, then the best treatment is rest and he althy sleep. You can also use ointments that contain collagen and nourish the skin.
If these actions prove ineffective in eliminating bruising under the eyes, cooling masks or compresses of cucumber slices or chilled tea bags and bodyaga powder may be useful.
Cream against dark circles under the eyes
A wide range of ointments, gels and creams are available in pharmacies and stores that eliminate puffiness, brighten the skin and help cure dark circles under the eyes. Preparations containing arnica and cornflower extract have proven themselves very well.
If the methods used for bruising under the eyes at home are not enough, after carefully considering the risk factors for developing systemic diseases that cause such symptoms, and making sure that you are in good he alth, you can contact a beautician. The specialist will give recommendations on how to eliminate a cosmetic defect with the help of professionalproducts and procedures. But for starters, it’s still worth going to a consultation with a therapist.
