Children (especially very young ones) are prone to various diseases, so if red spots and rashes appear on the body, you should immediately pay attention to this symptom in order to determine a possible pathology. There are many questions. Why did a rash appear, how to treat red spots, how to protect a child from complications and serious consequences? You can figure out what is happening even before going to the doctor. So why do red spots appear on the body of a baby? The causes and treatment options are listed below.
Allergic reaction
Red spots on the body of a baby (photo below) immediately suggest a food allergy. In most cases, the cause of the rash is indeed inappropriate foods: formula or something in the diet of a nursing mother. Sometimes a small rash signals an allergy to household chemicals. The main allergens are eggs, dairy products, seafood, citrus fruits, chocolate, mushrooms, honey. Incidentally, the most commonthe reason for the appearance of red spots on the body of a baby Komarovsky calls it allergy.
It is necessary to avoid prolonged contact of the baby's skin with synthetics or chemical detergents. But an allergic reaction is an extremely individual concept, so you need to observe the body's reaction when introducing new foods into the diet, buying household chemicals that have not been used before.
Allergic reactions include eczema and hives. If red rough spots appeared on the body of the baby, then, most likely, we are talking about eczema. The lesions expand because the bubbles burst. Such areas bake, itch and cause severe discomfort in the child. With hives, blisters appear that itch. Small white dots are visible when pressed.
Infectious diseases
Another type of red spots on the body of a baby can be triggered by infectious diseases that are very specific, require special treatment and care for a sick child. These types of diseases include chickenpox, scarlet fever, rubella, measles.
With chickenpox, red spots on the body of a large baby, later they turn into bursting blisters. Then red dots appear, bursting blisters, severe itching, weakness, sometimes there may be a temperature. Often spots appear on the cheeks, between the fingers and armpits. Chickenpox is easier to tolerate in childhood, but should bestart treatment on time.
The development of a streptococcal infection is accompanied by red spots on the body of a baby in the armpits, groin and face (except for the nasolabial region). Scarlet fever is characterized by severe peeling on the affected areas, sore throat. The skin begins to peel off two days after the first signs of the disease appear. Treatment is with antibiotics. The disease is transmitted, so if there is another child in the family, then you need to isolate him from contact with the infected. Scarlet fever is transmitted by airborne droplets or provoked by non-compliance with the rules of personal hygiene. The carriers of the disease can be dirty toys, household items or clothes, unwashed vegetables and fruits.
Measles is transmitted through touch, that is, by tactile means. Red dry spots on the body of the baby appear after a runny nose, cough and high fever. Skin reactions can be detected only on the 3-4th day of illness. At the same time, there is a fear of light and direct sunlight. The rash turns from red to brown, then begins to peel off and falls off. The affected areas are irregular in shape. The rash can appear on different parts of the body. Treatment takes about two weeks on average.
The cause of red spots on the body of a baby may be rubella. In a normal course, the disease does not last long. The infection is transmitted by airborne droplets. Headache, conjunctivitis, sore throat appear. Typical lesions: chest, face, back. The child will become irritable and whiny, may refuse food, experience problems with sleep. Pink spots appear a week after infection.
Prickly heat and diaper rash
Red spots on the body of a baby after bathing can be especially clearly visible. If there are no other signs of deterioration in he alth, then most likely it is common prickly heat. In the hot season or with intense sweating, a small red rash may appear in the folds. To avoid this unpleasant symptom, bathing should be carried out more often. The child should buy clothes made from natural materials, avoid using greasy skin care products, and leave the baby naked more often so that the skin can "breathe".
Diaper rash may appear as red patches that resemble dropsy. They can occur due to sweat and high ambient temperature. Red spots appear on the body of the baby (without fever, only general weakness is characteristic), usually they can be seen in the buttocks, neck and chin, skin folds. With prickly heat and diaper rash, it is necessary to constantly keep the skin clean and fresh, carry out air baths and follow the rules of hygiene.
Insect bites
Red spots on the body of a baby may appear due to insect bites, such as mosquitoes. Bites are similar to an allergic reaction. The affected areas are very itchy, cause increased irritability and anxiety of the child, and may be hot compared to the rest of the skin. Severe itching can be relieved with special ointments, gels or creams marked 0+. Older children often scratch the bites, so that the affectedthe place needs to be treated with greenery. Give your child an antihistamine to prevent an allergic reaction.
Dermatological diseases
Dermatoses, or pustular lesions, are accompanied by itching and red spots on the body of the baby. From the photo it is difficult to make a diagnosis even for a professional, not like people who are far from medicine, therefore, to determine the pathogen, you need to undergo tests. Viral dermatosis is usually diagnosed in children from five to eight years old. Dermatosis is caused by intracellular viruses, which manifest themselves in the form of herpes, genital warts, warts, molluscum contagiosum. The disease is accompanied by general weakness, fever, peeling of the skin, itching. For babies with dermatosis, proper nutrition and hygiene are very important. The exact causes of the disease will be shown by examinations and tests.
If red spots on the body of a baby turn into purulent vesicles, this indicates childhood pyoderma. There are dry lichen, diaper dermatitis and streptococcal pyoderma. Treatment is prescribed only by a doctor. Timely and adequate therapy will help get rid of the consequences, because such diseases have a negative impact on the body as a whole.
When itching and peeling
What to do if the rashes are peeling and itchy? An older child may complain about itching, but the baby will simply behave anxiously, fidget in the crib, may cry or refuse food. Constant scratchingirritates the baby, which is reflected in his general well-being. In this case, you can try to do soothing compresses. For compresses, decoctions of chamomile and calendula, celandine are used. In a cooled broth, a cotton swab, a piece of gauze or a clean cloth are moistened, and then applied to the affected areas. Means for newborns should not include alcohol and drying components, which will only increase peeling. Also, do not rub the affected areas.
When to see a doctor
If there are any rashes, the baby must be examined in the hospital. In some cases, you will need to visit a dermatologist who will prescribe the necessary tests and carry out all diagnostic procedures. In mild cases, a visit to the pediatrician is sufficient. Any medication should be prescribed only by a doctor, otherwise the situation may not improve, but only worsen. An unpleasant symptom not only causes discomfort, but also generally negatively affects the body, so the child should be treated under the supervision of experienced doctors.
You need to see a doctor immediately if, along with rashes, there are chest pains, shortness of breath, fever, which is not brought down by antipyretic drugs, fainting, drowsiness, speech disorders in older children, confusion, runny nose and inability to breathe normally, anaphylactic shock. This may indicate a severe allergy or a complicated course of an infectious disease.
What not to do
Before a visit to the doctor, do not apply coloring compositions to the rashes, because this will make diagnosis difficult. You can not take the child to the hospital if there is a suspicion that the disease is of an infectious nature. Such diseases are transmitted by airborne droplets, so there is a risk of infecting other children. Therefore, you need to call an ambulance or a doctor at home. Any rashes on the body should not be combed. This is especially true of infectious diseases, which are accompanied by severe itching. Do not give your child any medication without consulting a doctor. Only antihistamines for an allergic reaction are allowed, but only those that the child has taken before.
Methods and rules of treatment
Red rough spots on the body of a baby and any other rashes should be treated only under the supervision of a doctor. In case of an allergic reaction, it is necessary to identify the allergen and quickly treat with antihistamines, and chickenpox is treated mainly symptomatically. For measles, bed rest is indicated, you need to wash your eyes several times a day, if necessary, give the child an antipyretic, with a strong cough - mucolytics, and with a runny nose, rinse the nose with sea s alt sprays.
Urticaria is treated with medication. Mild laxatives and diuretics, small-volume cleansing enemas, and antihistamines are prescribed. To normalize metabolic processes, it is desirable to use B vitamins and drugsgland. In chronic urticaria, it is important to identify and treat foci of infection. To relieve itching, baths based on chamomile, string, creams and ointments based on glucocorticosteroids are actively used.
With dermatosis, you first need to eliminate the primary source of the disease, and then begin drug treatment. After contact with the alleged allergen, you need to treat the skin with an antiseptic or simply wash it with soap and water. To relieve itching, swelling and prevent the inflammatory process, you will need an antihistamine. For the first time, only a doctor should prescribe the medicine, in the future (if there was no adverse reaction), you can give the same remedy for manifestations of allergies. To stop the local inflammatory process, ointments are used, and for weeping rashes, drying agents are needed. Infectious dermatoses are treated with antibacterial, antifungal, or antiviral drugs.
Folk recipes
If the baby is covered with red spots (the whole body or certain areas), you need to show the child to the doctor, because at such a tender age, inexperienced parents can only do harm using folk recipes. Any means of alternative medicine is allowed to be used only after consulting a pediatrician. In this case, you need to carefully monitor the condition of the child. If an adverse reaction occurs, treatment should be stopped and the hospital should be contacted again so that the doctor can adjust the treatment regimen.
Decoctions of yarrow and celandine are quite effective. It is necessary to mix dry raw materials in equal parts (one is enoughtablespoon), pour a glass of water and leave for two hours. The finished product must be filtered and cooled, and then the gruel should be applied to areas with a rash. Lotions should be done several times a day. One procedure lasts at least twenty minutes. Infusion of birch buds copes well with inflammatory processes and redness. A tablespoon of dry raw materials should be poured with one glass of boiling water, left for thirty minutes, and then moistened with gauze and applied to the spots on the child's body.
Prevention measures
Every parent experiences a baby rash. It is rather difficult to prevent the appearance of red spots on the baby's skin, because it is difficult to protect the child from adverse factors. It is necessary to strengthen the immune system, from time to time to give multivitamin preparations, to temper the baby. A strong immune system will help the body fight infections and overcome diseases quickly.
In addition, babies are advised to buy clothes only from natural materials, use special baby products for washing and bathing. With a frequent allergic rash, you need to limit contact with allergens, keep your home clean (daily wet cleaning and airing), get rid of objects that attract dust, carefully care for pets so that there is no wool on the floor, and follow hygiene requirements in caring for children.
The appearance of a rash is in most cases a signal of malfunctions in the immune system. A negative reaction may appearthe fault of parents who do not pay enough attention to the hygiene of the baby or the cleanliness of the house, they offer the child products with an allergic effect. You need to be especially careful with children who are prone to adverse reactions to food, medicines, animal dander, house dust, plant pollen, and so on.
