The human immune system is currently one of the most complex and poorly understood. The ability to resist various infections is determined by many factors. One of the most important is the state of the intestinal microflora. If it is dominated by lactobacilli and bifidobacteria, which have a positive effect on the body, then the person feels great, gets sick less often, and has a normal metabolism.
Bifidobacteria - microorganisms guarding our he alth
Bifidobacteria are slightly curved Gram-positive rods that are abundant in the intestines of breastfed babies. In adults, the percentage of bifidobacteria in the intestinal microflora is noticeably reduced, their appearance changes. These microorganisms are being replaced by lactobacilli.
The composition of bifidobacteria is also changing in the gastrointestinal tract of children who switched to artificialfeeding. In this situation, the intestinal microflora of the child has the same microorganisms as in adults. This has a bad effect on the baby’s condition, so children who switched to artificial feeding early should receive special preparations containing exactly the type of bifidobacteria that is typical for he althy babies who are breastfed.
Lactobacilli - catalysts for the digestion process
Lactobacilli belong to the genus of Gram-positive microorganisms. They are found in many parts of the human gastrointestinal tract, including on the mucous membranes of the oral cavity, in the intestines. The main function of lactobacilli is the conversion of lactose, which enters the body with food, into a simpler element - lactic acid. This substance creates optimal conditions for the digestion process.
The influence of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli on the human body
Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria have a great influence on the human body. It consists in influencing not only the process of digestion, but also the state of all systems as a whole. Important functions of these beneficial bacteria include the following.
1. Bifidobacteria activate the absorption of nutrients within the gastrointestinal tract. This is due to the provision of enzymatic digestion of food consumed by a person. Under the influence of bifidobacteria, the structure of proteins, carbohydrates, fats changes, fiber dissolves. By stimulating intestinal motility, bifidobacteria ensure the normal process of itsliberation. Under the action of lactobacilli, lactose is converted into lactic acid, which is necessary to ensure the normal process of food digestion.
2. Prevention and treatment of all kinds of intestinal infections - lactobacilli, bifidobacteria successfully cope with this. Enterococci, which are difficult to treat with antibiotics, can be crowded out of the gut microflora by these human-friendly bacteria. Under the influence of beneficial microorganisms, the overall resistance of the body to all kinds of viruses increases.
3. Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are involved in the regulation of metabolism. Lactic acid, synthesized by these microorganisms, activates the absorption of vitamin D, iron, calcium. Under the action of bacteria, the process of cholesterol and bilirubin metabolism is normalized.
4. Prevention of colon cancer is another important function of these microorganisms. Lactobacilli and bifidobacteria have anticarcinogenic and antimutagenic properties, preventing the development of malignant tumors.
The consequences of a lack of beneficial microorganisms in the intestines
Violation of the normal state of the intestinal microflora, the replacement of beneficial microorganisms with pathogenic ones can lead to various problems in the functioning of not only the stomach and intestines, but also the body as a whole. Disturbances in metabolism, synthesis of essential vitamins and microelements, pathogenic microbes that are constantly present in the intestine - all this contributes to a decrease in immunityhuman.
The consequences of a violation of the intestinal microflora in all people manifest themselves in different ways. For young children, this is a serious problem, since colonization of the gastrointestinal tract by even opportunistic pathogens can lead to a serious intestinal infection. Therefore, preparations containing lactobacilli and bifidobacteria are often prescribed to infants as a preventive measure.
In adults, intestinal disorders occur, appetite decreases, weight loss begins. Due to a violation of the synthesis of vitamins, the condition of the skin and hair worsens, signs of chronic fatigue appear. Further weakening of the immune system can also lead to various diseases.
Causes of pathogenic changes in the intestinal microflora
Imbalance that occurred in the gastrointestinal tract can be caused by the following reasons:
1. Taking antibiotics.
2. Treatment through radiation and chemotherapy.
3. Infectious diseases.
4. Heavy physical activity and severe stress.
5. Wrong diet.
6. Early transition of infants to artificial feeding.
Particularly severe violations occur as a result of a combination of several factors.
Probiotics and prebiotics
Prebiotics and probiotics are often used to restore optimal gut microflora. The difference between these drugs is significant.
Prebiotics are non-digestible carbohydrates thatcannot be absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract, but are an environment conducive to the reproduction of bifidus and lactobacilli beneficial to the body. Prebiotics contain various ingredients, such as inulin and lactulose. The list of substances that stimulate the growth of beneficial microflora is constantly updated.
Probiotics are non-pathogenic live bacteria that, when used adequately, normalize the intestinal microflora, eliminating pathogens and populating the body with beneficial microorganisms. Probiotics can be either directly bacteria or substances, including foods containing them.
Drugs that normalize the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract
Preparations with bifidobacteria and lactobacilli should be used as prescribed by a doctor. The specialist will select the option that is suitable for a particular person, taking into account the data of the studies.
There are many drugs on the market containing bifidobacteria and lactobacilli. The price of these drugs can vary significantly. It depends on the form in which the medicine is produced, the list of microorganisms that make up its composition, and other factors.
Probiotics that have a liquid consistency are highly effective. This form provides a quick positive effect on the intestinal microflora. Their cost is usually higher than that of drugs produced in sublimated form. The price of liquid preparations can reach 1000 rubles. Preparations produced in dry form will cost the consumer about 200rubles.
Proper nutrition
A balanced diet plays a huge role in maintaining the normal state of the intestinal microflora. The diet of each person should contain fermented milk products, which are sources of bifidus and lactobacilli. Eating fruits and vegetables will be beneficial.
Food also contains natural prebiotics that promote the growth of beneficial microorganisms. These include potatoes, leeks, asparagus, starchy ingredients such as sticky rice.
