Red flaky spots on the body: causes, diagnosis and treatment methods

2024 Author: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 20:44

Very often you can see red flaky spots on the face and body. They arise as a result of various provoking factors. These rashes all over the body are accompanied by various symptoms. Spots are diagnosed most often in women over 30 years old, and infants and adolescents are also at risk. Treatment will depend on the diagnosis. Therapy involves the use of oral medications and topical agents. If treatment is excluded, this can lead to serious irreversible consequences, especially for children.

Causes of red spots

This cosmetic defect occurs as a result of a variety of provoking factors, diseases and abnormalities. Peeling spots are often diagnosed due to age-related changes, as well as pathological processes occurring in the human body. These include the following:

1. Allergic reaction of the body to used drugs, food and other irritants.
2. Contact dermatitis.
3. Toxidermia.
4. Eczema.
5. Atopic dermatitis.
6. Lack of vitamins B, C, A, E.
7. Skin infections of fungal origin.
8. Subcutaneous tick.
9. Infectious diseases.
10. STDs.
11. Parasitic infestations.
12. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, liver and gallbladder.
13. Impaired metabolism, hormonal failure.
14. Diseases of the endocrine system, CNS.
15. Frequent stressful situations.
16. Systemic and autoimmune diseases.
17. Diseases of the skin.

Red flaky spots on the body are diagnosed as a result of hypothermia, overheating of the body in the sun, the use of low-quality cosmetics, and hormonal drugs. These inflammatory processes are diagnosed in children due to food allergies.

Symptomatics

At the first manifestations of a violation, you should immediately contact a specialist, undergo a thorough and complete examination, and adhere to the prescribed therapy and recommendations of a specialist. In addition to peeling and itching, the patient also has other symptoms, which will depend on the provoking factor.

Very often, patients complain of symptoms such as:

1. The spots do not have clear boundaries, they can be of different shapes and sizes.
2. Redness may increase, especiallywhen exposed to a provoking factor.
3. The skin becomes rough and rough in the affected area.
4. Spots are localized on the body, on the face in the area of the nose, cheeks, chin.
5. There is an uncomfortable feeling of tightness.

Also, in the place where spots appear, the skin may crack, burst, and scales will appear. Gradually, the detachment of the affected area occurs, and the skin begins to brighten, irritation and increased dryness appear. If the patient scratches the spots, then a crust occurs, infection may occur.

As for the consequences, small red scaly spots on the body and face can leave behind a cosmetic defect. Also, such a violation can lead to systemic diseases, so the symptoms of these pathologies will be noted in parallel.

Allergic reaction of the body - urticaria

In most cases, red scaly spots on the body during an allergic reaction indicate the development of urticaria. This pathology occurs as a result of various provoking factors, which include:

1. Autoimmune disorders. A patient in this situation may develop diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, celiac disease, diabetes mellitus and others. At the same time, the symptoms of these pathologies are noted. Treatment for urticaria will be based on the treatment of the precipitating factor.
2. Immune complexes.
3. Medication, food allergy. In most cases, against this background, the patient develops chronicprocesses.
4. Insect bite.

Also very often, urticaria is diagnosed in patients who suffer from chronic pathologies such as:

1. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
2. Infectious diseases.
3. Parasitic infestations.
4. Diseases of the endocrine and lymphatic systems.
5. Malignant tumors.

Urticaria can be both independent diseases and a sign of other abnormalities in the body. Accompanied by various symptoms, which causes significant discomfort to the patient. Urticaria spots can be located on any part of the body, have a different shape and size, often merge together, are accompanied by pain.

Skin fungal infection

Skin damage by a fungal infection can be observed not only in adults, but also in infants. Red scaly spots on the body begin to appear as a result of intense damage to the skin. Patients may develop pathologies such as:

1. Pityriasis versicolor. With this pathology, spots are observed that peel off, while itching is not noted. The infection affects the neck, back, chest, armpits. When the spots peel off, light areas of skin remain in their place.
2. Pseudomycosis. A disease that is not always transmitted from patient to patient. With this pathology, the spots can be yellow, red or brown. The rash is noted on the inside of the thighs, genitals, under the mammary glands in women. Red spots on the body are peeling, but notitch, also there is no pain.
3. Addermophytosis is a fungal disease that affects the nail plate and skin. At the same time, the spots have a clear contour, a significant number of them are noted in the area of \u200b\u200bthe mammary glands and genital organs. If you refuse therapy, then they merge together, there is severe itching, ulcers and vesicles appear.

The treatment of any of the presented pathologies is to eliminate the symptoms and suppress the vital activity of bacteria and fungi.

Psoriasis, dermatitis

When psoriasis occurs, red spots appear on the body of an adult, while they do not peel off much, but cause some discomfort. These formations are localized in the knees, lower and upper extremities, elbows, back, and abdomen. This pathology belongs to the autoimmune. In parallel, the patient may complain of redness, pain, itching. Also, with psoriasis, the following symptoms are noted:

1. Inflammatory foci of small size, round shape predominates.
2. There is significant desquamation of the affected areas.
3. Particles of skin that peel off look like flakes.
4. When touched, the spots begin to itch, and significant pain is noted.

If the patient refuses therapy, the affected areas begin to gradually increase in size. The treatment itself requires an integrated approach. The patient must adhere to proper nutrition, drink prebiotics and vitamin-mineral complexes. With psoriasis, lotions should not be taken.

If red spots appear on the body and peel off, this may indicate the development of dermatitis. In this case, the patient will complain of itching. This pathology is hereditary, sometimes occurs on the basis of autoimmune disorders or stressful situations.

Accompanied by atopic dermatitis or another type of this disorder with the following symptoms:

1. The spots are localized in the chest, back, sides, inner surface of the lower extremities, fingers, hands and neck.
2. The disease is seasonal, that is, spots appear during periods of cold or extreme heat.
3. The speck peels off completely, over the entire surface.
4. The color of the spot is pale pink or red.
5. There is itching, due to scratching the spots begin to bleed.

Dermatitis treatment involves a long process. First of all, it is necessary to alleviate the patient's condition, relieving him of the symptoms. They may prescribe prebiotics, anti-allergic drugs, as well as drugs that support the immune system. Significant temperature fluctuations, malnutrition should be avoided.

Disorders of the autonomic nervous system

If there are red spots on the body, itchy and flaky at the same time, this may indicate a violation in the performance of the autonomic nervous system. In this situation, external factors play a leading role. Skin lesions are temporary and disappear on their own after a while. If this does not happen, then you should immediately contact a specialist for additionalconsultation.

Very often spots can provoke reasons such as:

1. Stressful situations. Rashes and formations on the skin can occur as a result of nervous strain, they are not considered pathological. Treatment is not required.
2. Low air temperature.
3. Photodermatitis. Spots and blisters can occur in the patient as a result of intense exposure to ultraviolet rays. In most cases, they are localized on the face, body, sometimes itching and peeling can be noted.
4. Steaming the skin.

No treatment. Therapy is prescribed only if the situation is complicated by additional violations.

Parasitic damage to the body

Patients note that red spots have gone all over the body and flake off if a parasitic lesion of the body is diagnosed. You can determine this violation after passing the tests. Treatment will be mandatory, based on drug therapy.

To parasitic lesions include:

1. Scabies. Occurs as a result of damage to the body by a female tick. In the course of its progress under the skin, it forms a scabies course, where it lays eggs in parallel. The disease is accompanied by itching, red spots, which can be located on any part of the body. Scabies may worsen at night, due to the fact that the patient constantly itches, infection of the formed wounds may be observed.
2. Demodekoz. This disease is characterized bythe formation of red spots on the body. A rash is also noted in parallel. The patient may complain of rashes on the cheeks, nose, chin and forehead. In rare cases, itching and other unpleasant symptoms are present. Treatment is carried out after a thorough examination, local remedies are prescribed, as well as drugs.

When determining the type of parasitic lesion, treatment should be started immediately. Do not engage in self-therapy, as this can provoke complications and negative consequences.

Seborrheic eczema. Sexually transmitted diseases

Even some sexually transmitted diseases are accompanied by red spots on the skin, while their shade may be different. Very often, this disorder is diagnosed with secondary syphilis. In this case, the color of the rash will depend on the duration of infection and the lifetime of the provoking pathogen. At the initial stage of the pathology, the patient will notice multiple symmetrical rashes of small size. Gradually they will pass. As for itching, it is practically absent. In such a situation, you need to take blood tests to detect sexually transmitted diseases and immediately begin treatment.

Seborrheic eczema is a chronic disease that is a form of eczema. It is diagnosed equally often in both men and women, at any age. In most cases, the pathology develops against the background of seborrhea and can be a complication of this type of dermatitis.

Provoke the disease can suchreasons like:

1. Infection of the body with Pitrosporum ovale, as well as fungi of various types, staphylococci.
2. Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
3. Increased production of sebum.
4. Impaired liver performance.
5. Hormonal imbalance.
6. Vegetovascular dystonia.

This type of eczema is often diagnosed in patients with weakened immune systems, after severe illnesses, and also as a result of the development of chronic infectious foci.

Accompanied by a violation of severe symptoms. Signs of eczema help in making a diagnosis. These include:

1. Appearance of small nodules on the skin, pink-yellow.
2. Gradual increase in nodules and merging them together.
3. The shape of the plaques is round, the size is 10-20 mm, there are clear boundaries, uneven edges.
4. There are fatty dense scales.
5. Itching is almost non-existent.

If the therapy was carried out in a timely manner, then no traces remain on the skin after treatment. In most cases, rashes are present on the head in the scalp, on the forehead, near the eyebrows, nasolabial folds, oral cavity and behind the auricles. If this type of eczema is supplemented by an infection, then various complications arise that aggravate the treatment process.

To establish the diagnosis, you need to contact a dermatologist. In addition to examining the affected areas, the specialist may prescribe:

1. Dermatoscopy.
2. Fluorescentdiagnostics.
3. Scraping skin and hairline to identify pathogenic fungi.
4. Backseeding.
5. Histological examination.

To detect underlying diseases, it is recommended:

1. Get advice from other highly specialized specialists.
2. Pass an ultrasound of the abdominal cavity and pelvic organs, gastroscopy.
3. Pass hormonal and immunological blood tests.
4. Pass rhinoscopy, pharyngoscopy.

If there is a lesion of the eyelids, then you need to seek help from an ophthalmologist. Differential diagnosis is mandatory.

Treatment means proper nutrition. Also, with this disease, it is worth excluding a visit to the bath, you need to choose the right cosmetics. Local treatment involves the use of antimicrobial agents. Vitamins of group B are taken inside. Darsonvalization, magnetotherapy, laser treatment are also recommended. In parallel, comorbidities are being treated.

Diagnosis

Examination of a patient with red spots on the body implies a complete examination, anamnesis. Also, the patient is prescribed an additional consultation of other highly specialized specialists. In parallel, it is recommended to pass tests such as:

1. Complete blood count.
2. Blood chemistry.
3. Allergy tests.
4. Scraping off stains.

You also need to undergo an immunogram. If diseases of the internal organs are detected, ultrasound, gastroscopy, colonoscopy are prescribed. Basedthe results obtained are treated. If the treatment did not give a positive result, then a second examination is prescribed.

Treatment

Very often, patients ask themselves: how to treat red flaky spots on the body? Therapy for this inflammatory skin process will depend on the provoking factor. In most cases, to get rid of stains, you need to use local remedies, if necessary, prescribe various groups of drugs.

Ointments, creams, topical products:

1. Antiallergic drugs ("Elidel", "Gistan", "Fenistil" and others).
2. Ointments based on glucocorticosteroids ("Sinaflin", "Lokoid" and others).
3. Antiseptics, keratolytics.
4. Ointments based on medicinal herbs.
5. Lotions with camphor alcohol and menthol.
6. Antimycotic ointments (recommended for skin lesions with a fungal infection).
7. Zinc ointments.
8. Tar soaps and creams.
9. Retinoid creams.
10. Tetracycline, erythromycin ointment (recommended for use in bacterial infections of the skin).
11. Creams with restorative properties ("Curiosin").
12. Antiviral ointments (recommended for use in viral lesions of the skin).

Also, a patient with red scaly spots on the body may be prescribed drug therapy, which involves taking anduse of these drugs:

1. Antihistamines.
2. Sedatives.
3. Vitamin and mineral complexes.
4. Enterosorbents.
5. Antibiotics, antimycotics, antivirals.

If spots on the body of red color are peeling, and their occurrence is provoked by systemic diseases, basic therapy is carried out. Treatment of the disease in children involves proper nutrition, including the mother (when breastfeeding), and the use of ointments.