Pancreatic juice is a liquid produced by the pancreas. It resembles an alkaline, clear liquid without color. The gland is located behind the peritoneum and joins the spine at the level of 1 and 2 vertebrae in the lumbar region. Approximately, in an adult, its weight is 80 grams, and the length is 22 cm. The pancreas has a head, body and tail. It consists of glandular tissue and excretory ducts. On the last pancreatic juice moves into the duodenum. What composition does it have and what function does it perform in the body? This will be discussed now.
Composition of pancreatic juice
The composition of pancreatic fluid includes the following components:
- creatinine;
- uric acid;
- urea;
- various trace elements.
A person produces about 1.5-2 liters of pancreatic juice per day. Secretion is controlled by the nervous and endocrine systems. With a large amount of pancreaticjuice that secretes iron develops an acute and chronic stage of pancreatitis. With a lack of secretion, a person quickly loses weight, although he has an increased appetite and eats a lot. This is due to the fact that food is poorly absorbed in the body. Pancreatic juice plays a huge role in the process of digestion. It contains mostly water. So, approximately 98 percent comes from it and 2 percent from the rest of the organic elements.
Pancreatic juice and its enzymes
Pancreatic juice enzymes are divided into two groups: organic and inorganic. Organic include:
- chymotrypsin;
- trypsin;
- phospholipase;
- elastase;
- carboxypeptidase and other enzymes in the form of proenzymes that have the ability to break down proteins, fats and carbohydrates during their digestion.
Inorganic enzymes include:
- amylase;
- m altase;
- lactase;
- lipase.
Pancreatic enzymes are quite aggressive. Therefore, the gland produces a trypsin inhibitor to prevent cells from self-digesting.
Pancreatic juice: function
For a person, the pancreas is of great importance and performs many necessary functions. First of all, it produces the liquid that is necessary for the digestion of food. With the help of this property, food entering the stomach is processed into substances, which in the futuredistributed throughout the body. Controls digestion with pancreatic juice. It contains all the enzymes necessary for digestion. It is very important that the acidity of the pancreatic juice is not lower than 7.5 PH and not higher than 8.5 PH. Pancreatic juice (pancreatic juice) is produced with each entry of food into the stomach and becomes the main one in the process of its digestion.
Features of proper digestion
In order for the pancreatic juice to stand out in sufficient quantities and the digestion process to proceed quickly and smoothly, it is necessary to adhere to a proper and he althy diet, try to avoid eating spicy, fried and fatty foods. Such food will lead to an increased load on the work of the intestines and stomach, which will affect the unfavorable work of the pancreas.
Features of the juice produced by the pancreas
There are three main phases of pancreatic juice production:
Brain. It is based on conditioned and unconditioned reflexes. Conditional includes:
- food visibility;
- her scent;
- food preparation process;
- reference to delicious food.
In this case, pancreatic juice is released under the influence of nerve impulses that go from the cerebral cortex to the gland. Therefore, this process is called conditioned reflex.
The unconditional reflex effects include the production of pancreatic juice when food is irritated by the pharynx and oral cavity.
The brain phase is short and produces little juice, but a lot of enzymes.
Gastric. This phase is based on irritation of receptors by food that enters the stomach. Due to this, neurons are excited and enter the gland through secretory fibers, where juice is secreted under the influence of a special hormone, gastrin. In the gastric phase, the juice has little s alt and water, but a lot of organic enzymes.
Intestinal. It passes under the influence of humoral and nerve impulses. Under the control of the gastric composition that entered the duodenum and the products of incomplete breakdown of nutrients, impulses are transmitted to the brain, and then to the gland, as a result of which the production of pancreatic juice begins.
Effect of food on the production of pancreatic juice
During the rest period, the pancreas does not produce pancreatic juice. In the process of eating and after it, the excretion becomes continuous. Pancreatic juice, its quantity, functions in relation to the digestion of food, and the duration of the process depend on the quality values of the food and its composition. Pancreatic juice is produced in large quantities when eating bread and bakery products. A little less for meat, and very little for dairy products. The pancreatic fluid that was released for the processing of meat and meat products is more alkaline than that produced for other products. When eating fatty foods, the juice contains three times more lipase (compared to meat dishes).
CenterThe digestive system has a complex structure, its components are located in many parts of the brain. All of them are interconnected. The digestive center has many functions. Among them are the following:
- participates in the regulation of motor, absorption and secretory functions;
- signals hunger, satiety and thirst.
Hunger is the presence of sensations caused by the need to eat. It is based on an unconditioned reflex transmitted to the pancreas from the nervous system. It is better to eat small meals up to five times a day. Then the pancreas will function correctly and without failure.
Take care of yourself and be he althy!
