All processes occurring in the body are interconnected. This also applies to pathological conditions. Reactions such as fever, redness and swelling of the skin, pain, do not occur by chance. All of them have a protective mechanism and help to cope with the infection. In addition, the nature of these reactions may be important in the diagnosis of diseases, and also determines the tactics of treatment. For example, some types of fever occur only in certain pathologies. In this case, the doctor associates fever and other symptoms, and then establishes a diagnosis. This helps to tailor the treatment needed for the detected disease.
Types of fever: designation on the chart
Fever is a pathological condition in which the balance between production and heat loss is disturbed. In most cases, it is one of the components of the inflammatory process. When observing and treating patients with fever, a temperature graph is drawn up. It consists of three parts. The first is an increase in body temperature. In this case, the line on the chart rushes up. The curve reflects the dependence of temperature on time. The line rises quickly (in a few minutes) or for a long time - within hours.
The next component of fever is the standing of body temperature within a certain value. It is indicated by a horizontal line on the graph. The last element of fever is a decrease in temperature. Like the rise, it can happen quickly (within minutes) and slowly (after a day). Indicated by a line going down. All types of fever have different graphic representations. They can be used to judge the time during which the temperature rose and subsided, to track how long it lasted.
Fever: types, types of graphs
There are 7 types of fever, each of which occurs in certain diseases. Depending on this, a temperature curve is built. It involves a graphical display of fever. The classification is based on temperature fluctuations and the time it rises:
- Persistent fever. It is characterized by the duration of the course (several days). At the same time, temperature fluctuations throughout the day are very small (up to 1 degree) or absent at all.
- Fever laxative type. It differs in a more gentle course, amenable to the effects of antipyretic drugs. The fluctuations in temperature exceed 1 degree, but do not reach the normal value.
- Fever of intermittent type. Characterized by large temperature fluctuations. At the same time, in the morning hours, it falls tonormal value and below. In the evening, the temperature reaches high numbers.
- Hectic-type fever (wasting). Daily fluctuations range from 3 to 4 degrees. Severely tolerated by patients.
- Return type of fever. Characterized by episodes of normal body temperature that can last for several days.
- Atypical fever. Daily fluctuations are fickle and chaotic.
- A perverse type of fever. The temperature rises in the morning and returns to normal in the evening.
What are the types of fever?
Depending on the degree of temperature rise, there are several types of fever. The classification is also based on the duration of this state. The following types of fever are distinguished:
- Subfebrile. The characteristic temperature is 37.0-37.9 degrees. It is observed in many infectious and viral diseases in mild severity. In some cases, it has a chronic course (with systemic pathologies, oncology).
- Febrile (moderate) fever. Body temperature is 38.0-39.5 degrees. It is observed in any infections in the stage of peak.
- High fever. Body temperature reaches 39.6-40.9 degrees. It is less common than other species. It is more common in children and people with weak immune systems.
- Hyperpyretic fever. The temperature is 41.0 degrees or more. Observed with purulent meningitis and tetanus infection.
Association of the disease with the type of fever
Certain types of fever can beassociated with specific diseases. For example, most nonspecific inflammatory processes of the upper respiratory tract (tonsillitis, SARS) are characterized by a laxative temperature. Persistent fever occurs with typhus and lobar pneumonia. An intermittent type of temperature increase is observed in patients with tuberculosis, oncological processes, systemic pathologies (SLE, rheumatoid arthritis). Relapsing fever is often found in malaria, typhoid, lymphogranulomatosis. Although changes in the temperature curve are not always specific, it helps to suggest what kind of disease the patient has.
Sepsis: diagnosis by fever
Sepsis is a systemic disease characterized by bacteria entering the bloodstream. Any inflammation can lead to it in the presence of a focus of infection and reduced immunity. It is definitely impossible to answer the question of what type of fever is characteristic of sepsis. It is known that this disease is characterized by a high temperature, which is not easy to bring down. The most common form of sepsis is a debilitating and atypical type of fever.
