Many modern people face exacerbation of gastritis. This is a manifestation of a chronic disease. With an exacerbation, a certain treatment is required, a diet, because only thanks to the measures taken can you improve your condition, prevent deterioration of well-being.
Causes of exacerbation of the disease
The main factor that provokes exacerbation of gastritis in a chronic form is associated with malnutrition:
- rare and abundant eating (once or twice a day);
- poor chewing and dry eating;
- abuse of too cold and too hot food;
- use of poor quality products;
- frequent consumption of canned and spicy foods that irritate the stomach lining.
Exacerbations additionally cause bad habits, drugs, harmful occupational factors. An important role in the deterioration of the condition is played by chronic diseases of the digestive system, endocrine, infectious diseases and other pathological conditions.
Specialistsadditionally claim that H. pylori microorganisms are involved in the development of gastritis. Virulent strains penetrate the mucosal barrier and reach epithelial cells. Thus, the epithelium is damaged. As a result of this, an inflammatory reaction develops, defects appear on the surface of the mucous membrane, and ulcerations occur. As a result, appropriate treatment is required for exacerbation of gastritis.
General symptoms and disease classification
Chronic gastritis is usually asymptomatic. Signs of a pathological condition occur only during periods of exacerbations. The following syndromes are most characteristic:
- pain;
- dyspeptic;
- dyskinetic;
- asthenovegetative.
Pain syndrome, as it is already clear, is manifested by pain. It is predominantly localized in the region of the right hypochondrium, has an ulcer-like character. Dyspeptic syndrome develops due to a violation of the motor and evacuation functions performed by the stomach. This is manifested by nausea, belching, bitterness in the mouth, heartburn, changes in appetite. To eliminate these symptoms, a special diet for gastritis during an exacerbation is necessary. Dyskinetic syndrome is associated with impaired functioning of the intestine, and asthenovegetative syndrome is associated with irritability, sleep disturbance.
Sometimes there are additional symptoms, and the above signs appear with certain features. It depends on the type of disease, acid-forming function. One type of diseasechronic gastritis with increased or preserved secretory function. It, in turn, is divided into dyspeptic and painful. Another type of disease is chronic gastritis with a decrease in the secretion of gastric juice.
Signs of gastritis with increased or preserved secretory function
Specific signs are inherent in the dyspeptic form of gastritis. Most often they occur when a person abuses alcohol, eats fatty foods or foods with a large amount of carbohydrates in the composition. Due to malnutrition, belching with a sour taste, heartburn torments. Appetite due to gastritis is not disturbed. In some patients it is elevated. Pain occurs only after eating. Additionally, there is a burning sensation, heaviness and fullness in the epigastric region. There may also be constipation, vomiting, which brings relief.
For the pain form is characterized by a pronounced pain syndrome. Pain is different. Specialists have even created a classification of this symptom in gastritis with increased or preserved secretion. In connection with it, pains are distinguished:
- by nature - spilled, aching and dull;
- according to the time of occurrence - morning (before the first meal), early (15-20 minutes after eating), late (2-3 hours after eating), night;
- according to localization - most often the pain is in the right hypochondrium.
Proper nutrition: diet for exacerbation of gastritis
Treatment of exacerbated gastritis includes specific drug therapy, but more importantLifestyle and nutrition also play a role. To restore the normal functions of their body, patients are advised to give up alcohol, harmful foods (for example, chips, instant noodles). A specific diet is prescribed. It depends on the general condition of the person, the phase of the disease, the secretory function of the stomach.
For gastritis with preserved or increased secretion, the daily diet changes as follows:
- those products that have a stimulating effect on the secretion of gastric juice are excluded from the menu;
- the mechanical effect of food is eliminated (products are more thoroughly crushed, the multiplicity of food is increased and portions are slightly reduced, i.e. it is best to eat often, but little by little).
In case of exacerbation of gastritis, it is recommended to consult a specialist. The doctor will prescribe a specific diet, determine the duration of its use. The duration of therapeutic nutrition is an individual parameter. It depends on the course of the disease. As a rule, with an exacerbation of the disease, diet No. 1a is prescribed. In the future, when the condition improves, it will be possible to switch to diet No. 1b, No. 1.
Introduction to Diet 1a
Diet No. 1a is prescribed in the first days of treatment of chronic gastritis at the stage of exacerbation. Recommended cooking is boiling or steaming in semi-liquid and liquid form. Eat dishes exclusively in the form of heat - not cold and not hot. The optimum temperature is from 40 to 50 degrees. Mostsuitable products and dishes are indicated in the table. Of these, you can make a menu for a week with an exacerbation of gastritis.
| Product group | Eligible Products or Restrictions Available | Cooking options |
| Soups | With rice, pearl barley, oatmeal | Recommended mucous decoctions in milk with the addition of the listed cereals |
| Fish | Low-fat varieties (e.g. zander) | Steam fish soufflé |
| Meat products | Veal, beef, rabbit | Pure, steamed meat soufflé |
| Grains | Semolina, rice and buckwheat flour | Milk or regular liquid cereals |
| Vegetables | Almost any | Vegetables are only allowed to be consumed in a homogenized form, i.e. in the form of baby food |
| Fats | Butter without added s alt, well-refined olive oil | Fats are allowed in a small amount to fill dishes |
| Eggs | No more than 3 or 4 per day | Soft-boiled eggs, steamed omelet |
| Dairy | Cream, milk | Heated, curd steam soufflé |
| Fruits, sweet dishes | Sugar, honey, non-acid berries and fruits | Milk jelly, jelly, gelatin mousse |
| Drinks | Rose hips, wheat bran, non-acidicberries and fruits | Decoctions of wild rose, wheat bran, juices diluted with water and sugar, weak tea with milk or cream |
Sample daily menus
Let's start with diet number 1a, because it is the first to be prescribed for exacerbation of gastritis. Breakfast can consist of two products - eggs and milk. The eggs are soft boiled. A couple of pieces are enough. Milk (1 cup) is simply warmed up a little and drunk. During the next snack, you are allowed to drink 1 more glass of milk and 180 g of fruit jelly.
Lunch is more satisfying in this diet. The menu for exacerbation of gastritis includes a slimy soup based on rice and milk (400 g), a little meat steam soufflé. Fruit jelly (125 g) is used for dessert. The daily snack consists of 2 he althy drinks - a glass of milk and a glass of rosehip broth. For dinner, boil 1 soft-boiled egg and semolina porridge in milk (300 g). Shortly before bedtime, they drink a glass of milk.
After 1-2 weeks of nutrition, taking into account the conditions of diet No. 1a, they switch to another table No. 1b. Its purpose is to moderately sparing the digestive system. An approximate one-day meal demonstrating what to eat when gastritis flares up could be as follows:
- for the main breakfast - cutlets with milk sauce, cooked from meat and steamed (110 g), grated porridge boiled from buckwheat and milk (200 g) and 1 glass of milk;
- for the next snack - 1 glass of fruit jelly;
- for lunch - mashed soup based on rice and milk (400 g), some meat steammeatballs and fruit jelly for dessert (125g);
- for a daily snack - 1 cup of rosehip broth, some crackers (100 g);
- for dinner - fish fillet cutlets with sunflower oil (115 g), fruit jelly (180 g);
- before bed - 1 glass of milk.
Forbidden foods
With gastritis with preserved and increased secretion, you can not eat some foods. It is worth noting that their doctors forbid eating not only during exacerbations, but also during remissions (for a long time). The list includes those foods and dishes that stimulate the secretion of gastric juice. So, from the menu during exacerbation of gastritis and later during remission, they must be deleted:
- fatty soups;
- fatty meats and poultry;
- fatty sausages, fish products, stew;
- strong meat and fish broths;
- okroshka;
- smoked sausages and fish products;
- canned foods;
- marinades;
- carbonated and alcoholic drinks, coffee, cocoa, kvass.
Chronic gastritis with decreased secretion of gastric juice
This type of disease can also cause pain. However, it has some peculiarities. In most cases, no pain is felt. Why is this symptom not present with this type of disease, but is it typical for the gastritis described above? The fact is that with an illness with increased or normalsecretion of pain due to high secretory activity.
But there are exceptions. With gastritis with reduced secretory function, there are still pains sometimes. By nature, they are dull, aching, aggravated after eating. In order not to feel pain, people often refuse to eat. There is no specific localization of discomfort. There is no set time for the onset of pain. Basically, they begin to be felt somewhere in half an hour or 1 hour after eating. The severity of pain depends on the quality and quantity of food eaten.
Dyspeptic syndrome with gastritis with reduced secretory function is manifested by the following symptoms:
- feeling of heaviness, fullness or fullness in the epigastric region;
- bad breath;
- burping rotten food;
- bad taste in mouth;
- nauseous;
- drooling;
- appetite loss.
Dyskinetic syndrome is characterized by alternating diarrhea and constipation. Patients also complain of flatulence. This unpleasant symptom appears due to the rapid movement of food masses through the gastrointestinal tract.
Features of diet food
With exacerbation of gastritis of the stomach with secretory insufficiency, special nutrition is also required. Experts advise following a chemically and mechanically sparing diet enriched with vitamins and proteins for a week (or a little longer). She has several goals. Firstly, a diet during exacerbation of gastritis prevents the appearance of pathological changes in the mucosa.the membrane that lines the stomach. Secondly, therapeutic nutrition restores the secretory activity of the cells of the glands of the stomach.
With gastritis, the work of other internal organs is evaluated. With a tendency to diarrhea, diet No. 4b is prescribed, and a little later - diet No. 4c. If signs of damage to the pancreas, liver, gallbladder are observed, then diet No. 5a or diet No. 4b is necessary with a further transition to diet No. 4c or No. 5.
General features of drug treatment
Is it possible to choose a medicine on your own during an exacerbation of gastritis? Regarding drug therapy, it is necessary to communicate with the attending physician. There is no miracle cure that can get rid of any gastritis. Drugs are selected taking into account the acidity of gastric juice, the presence of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
So, one of the drugs is Almagel in a vial in the form of a suspension for oral administration. Among his indications is gastritis with increased and normal secretion during an exacerbation. "Almagel" refers to antacid drugs. It protects the gastric mucosa from the negative effects of digestive juice. Once in the body, the drug neutralizes free hydrochloric acid, does not provoke secondary hypersecretion of gastric juice.
For the treatment of chronic gastritis with secretory insufficiency, doctors prescribe:
- substitution therapy (hydrochloric acid, natural gastric juice preparations, drugs with pancreatic enzymes);
- means that stimulate the secretion of hydrochloric acid ("Plantaglucid").
At the same time, experts draw attention to the fact that substitution therapy cannot be taken during an exacerbation. Such drugs are used only during periods of remission and in the absence of erosion. And one more important nuance - with gastritis with insufficient secretion of gastric juice, you can not drink anticholinergic drugs and drugs containing belladonna in their composition in order to eliminate the pain syndrome. These agents further reduce the secretion of digestive enzymes and hydrochloric acid.
Chronic gastritis in the acute stage is a condition that requires a visit to the doctor. Only a specialist can make a correct diagnosis and prescribe the right treatment that will really bring benefits, relieve unpleasant symptoms and at the same time will not cause harm to he alth.
