Previously, the only solution to many oral problems was the removal of a disturbing tooth. Today, surgical dentistry is a branch of medicine aimed at maintaining the integrity of the dentition, removal is carried out only in extreme cases. Modern technologies make it possible to cure even the most complex disorders and maintain the functionality, aesthetics and he alth of all teeth.
Description of the technique
Surgical dentistry is a branch of medicine that specializes in performing operations on the teeth, jaw and oral cavity. The opinion that only the extraction of teeth belongs to this area is erroneous.
Dental surgeons deal with implants, removal of neoplasms, treatment of jaw injuries, elimination of birth defects and other problems that cannot be solved with conservative treatment. Modern unique methods of work and high-quality equipment make the procedures effective even in the mostdifficult cases. Today we can safely say that surgical dentistry is a new round in medicine that can eliminate any mistake of nature or the person himself.
Services
In addition to the usual removal of units of the dentition, this branch of medicine offers the following services to the population:
- plastic surgery on the jaw and face;
- implantation;
- surgical treatment of salivary glands;
- removal of tumors;
- surgeries on gums and other oral tissues;
- root resection partial or complete;
- temporomandibular joint treatment;
- treatment of the trigeminal nerve;
- eliminate the causes of sinusitis, periodontitis, abscesses and so on.
Absolutely all procedures are performed only by highly qualified specialists and modern equipment. Education in medical universities at the faculties of dentistry is carried out according to the literature, edited by Professor T. G. Robustova. Surgical dentistry, we can say, appeared in its modern incarnation precisely thanks to this specialist, so graduates have a full-fledged base for quality work in the future.
Reasons for visiting a surgeon
It will not be possible to come to an appointment with a dental surgeon on your own.
Specialists in this industry work strictly for medical reasons, the referral is issued by the department of therapeutic dentistry. The surgical industry is only involved when no more conservative treatments are available.help patients. These issues include:
- need for implantation;
- facial neuralgia;
- periodontitis;
- pericoronitis;
- complex forms of periodontitis and periodontitis;
- purulent formations - abscesses, cysts, etc.;
- need for tooth extraction;
- anomalies in the formation of the dentition or jaw.
Main direction
Since today surgical dentistry is a branch of medicine aimed at preserving teeth, manipulations to eliminate various problems are the main ones.
Most often, specialists perform operations to resect the apex of the tooth root and remove the affected fragment or the entire root while preserving the tooth itself.
Cystectomy and cystectomy procedures are also performed. They represent the removal of a cyst, after which the wound is sutured, and the tooth remains intact in its original place.
Less often, surgeons prepare teeth for implantation of artificial roots through tissue regeneration, root resection, crown lengthening, and so on.
Basic stereotype
Although in reality, tooth extraction is not the main and only direction of this branch of medicine, it still takes place in cases where treatment is no longer possible. Only with extensive carious lesions, supernumerary teeth, malocclusion, serious injuries or abscesses, surgical dentistry resorts to such measures. Surgery involves preliminaryanesthesia before each treatment.
It is carried out with the help of an injection directly near the removed unit. After exposure to anesthesia, the doctor first frees the tooth from the edge of the gum by peeling, and then loosens it and removes it from the hole with special forceps. If necessary, the wound is then sutured, after which it is treated with antiseptics.
Preparing for the restoration of the dentition
Methods of surgical dentistry involve the extraction of teeth and with the aim of further installation of implants in their place. This is necessary in the absence or presence of strongly inclined units that go beyond the series. Prosthetics to prepare the oral cavity for the installation of implants also helps to correct the shape of the alveolar part or process, eliminate scars, mucosal bands, torus of the hard palate and perform alveoplasty.
A prerequisite for such an operation is only a sufficient amount of bone tissue to install an artificial tooth.
In order for the implantation to be as comfortable as possible and not to be rejected in the future, the specialist must correctly diagnose the condition of the oral cavity and draw up an action plan. In this case, the oral cavity must necessarily be in a satisfactory condition, which means that if additional treatment is necessary, it should be carried out in advance. The operation must be carried out in accordance with all protocols, using high-quality instruments and high-classimplants. The result largely depends on the professionalism of the doctor, so every little thing should be taken into account.
Inflammatory diseases
Treatment of serious inflammation by surgery in the oral cavity is carried out by removing the source of infection. In such procedures, anesthesia and antibiotic therapy are necessarily used. As a rule, a specialist opens an abscess, sanitizes the affected area, treats it with disinfectants and, if necessary, sutures.
This method is used to treat sinusitis, periodontitis, phlegmon, osteomyelitis, abscess and other inflammations of the teeth, jaw, face and trigeminal nerve.
Soft tissue surgery
In the textbook for students, which can be freely downloaded to your device in pdf format ("Surgical Dentistry"), various manipulations on the gums are also described in detail. Most often, specialists perform gingivoplasty, gingivectomy and flap surgery.
The first procedure is a transplantation of soft tissues from the palate to the gum of the tooth in order to build it up. The need for such an operation arises when the neck of the tooth is exposed due to receding gums.
Gingivectomy is the reverse of the previous procedure. It removes excess gum tissue around the teeth that already interferes with oral hygiene.
Flap surgery is needed to reduce periodontal pockets that are more than normal in depth. Most often, this need arises in severe forms.periodontitis. During the procedure, the doctor makes an incision in the gum to open the affected area of the tooth and clean it.
Jaw surgery
In case of congenital malformations of the jaw shape or acquired disorders due to trauma, the restoration of the aesthetic appearance of the face and the normal functioning of the masticatory apparatus is carried out through microsurgery and the introduction of implants. Such surgeries are very complex and require preliminary bone augmentation under general anesthesia.
Helping children
Pediatric surgical dentistry is aimed at eliminating congenital anomalies of the face, ears and jaw, paralysis of the mimic muscles of the face, extraction of teeth, cysts, fistulas, hemangiomas and tumors. This area of surgery involves the correction of almost any pathology of the chewing apparatus, but most often it is resorted to by the direction of ordinary pediatricians and speech therapists.
The fact is that problems with the pronunciation of certain sounds in older children and difficulties with sucking in infants are most often associated with the structure of the frenulum of the tongue or lips. For correction, pruning is used. This procedure is also carried out by dental surgeons.
