What causes nosebleeds? Bleeding happens quite often in different people. You will learn about the causes, first aid and treatment in this article. Blood from the nose is a very harmless phenomenon, as it might seem at first glance. What are his reasons?
Why is there blood?
If she went because of a slight mechanical damage - it's not scary. This often happens to children who hit their heads. In this case, you can easily stop the bleeding yourself without calling an ambulance. But the most important thing is to understand when a blow is dangerous for the he alth of the baby, and when it is not. Excessive bleeding needs medical attention.
Visit a doctor…
If your nose bleeds for no reason, that is, you have not received any damage anywhere, but this phenomenon is repeated often enough, it requires attention. You should go to the doctor and get diagnosed. This will help identify problems that are causing your nose to bleed. Many people experience it for various reasons.
It should be notedthat such things should never be ignored, considering bleeding as an accident. You need to immediately visit the nearest clinic. After all, any person understands: the earlier the cause is established, the sooner its treatment will begin, if necessary.
However, when you are unable to visit the hospital in the coming days, the information in this article can help you understand your body's signals.
Types of bleeding
Nose bleeding? There can be many reasons. Such a symptom in medicine is called "epistaxis". This is a common pathology that causes bleeding from the nose. Usually begins due to rupture of blood vessels. It is worth noting that the entire mucous membrane of our nose has a very large number of blood vessels, with the rupture of which a person experiences bleeding.
For this reason, in some situations, a person's life is in danger. It is very good that the percentage of such deaths is small. Only 20% of all nosebleeds are serious. Therefore, do not be afraid ahead of time. First of all, the bleeding must be stopped, slowed down.
After all, in case of damage, rupture, blood flows out of one or two nostrils, and in especially serious cases it will flow into the larynx. This will interfere with the person's normal breathing.
Blood loss is a consequence of trauma to the nose or internal diseases of the body. Simple bleeding due to nose injuries is called accidental and does not cause he alth problems in the future.
Statistics
Doctors believe that most often this pathology affects children under the age of 14 and the elderly up to fifty. And numerous observations of scientists prove that this problem often occurs in men. This also applies to women, but is less common.
An adult's nose bleeds, what should I do? This is not scary if you experienced strong physical exertion or hit when you fell. But if this happens to you often, you need to consult a doctor.
Why are older people more likely to bleed from the nose? This is because their mucous membrane is drier and thinner due to age, so vascular rupture occurs more easily.
It is worth noting that there are two types of bleeding in medicine.
- Front. This is the most common bleeding that occurs accidentally and does not cause serious consequences. With it, blood flows out of the nose without making it difficult to breathe.
- Back. It is quite rare and is a very dangerous symptom for a person. Just like that, the blood cannot be stopped, it enters the larynx and causes difficulty in breathing. Need to call an ambulance.
Causes of blood loss
When it occurs in children, it is especially frightening for parents. Why does the nose bleed? The causes in children can be the same as in adults. However, children are very active and sometimes experience blood loss due to prolonged physical activity.
Besides this, the condition is caused by various reasons, butThere are usually only two groups of factors. The first group is the usual damage associated with external factors.
- Injury to the nose while doing a sport such as boxing.
- Accident, fall impact.
- Plastic surgery.
- Drugs, cigarettes. It is especially dangerous to inhale various drugs through the nose.
- Low humidity in winter, leading to dryness of the nasal mucosa.
- Using drugs to be instilled through the nose.
- Sunstroke.
The second group of factors are systemic causes. These are more serious and deeper disorders of the body that require diagnosis.
- Tumors in the nasal cavity.
- Allergy.
- Infectious diseases such as SARS, influenza. Viruses, bacteria lead to the fact that the vessels dilate, and a person begins to bleed from the nasal cavity.
- High blood pressure.
- Heart failure.
- Elevated intracranial pressure (which is common in children)
- Blood diseases.
- Lack of vitamins K, C, B.
- Kidney disease.
- The abuse of drugs that cause a number of side effects in humans. On sale there are also drugs that adversely affect the work of blood vessels. Read the instructions for use carefully.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Why does a child's nose bleed? In addition to physical exertion and falls, doctors call the same reasons as in adults -diseases of internal organs, jumps in blood pressure, blood diseases. Therefore, it is extremely important to see a doctor in a timely manner.
Profuse bleeding
The most threatening to human life and he alth are sudden heavy bleeding, which just as suddenly ends. With them, you lose a lot of blood. Experts call this phenomenon signal epistaxis. That is, they occur when a large vessel is torn or damaged. With this signal, you must definitely visit a doctor.
How to determine the cause of nasal bleeding?
In order to establish the cause of blood loss through the nasal cavity, you need to come to the clinic and take tests. What tests can be ordered?
- General analysis of blood and urine. Tell your doctor about the general condition of your body. Deviations from the norm of certain indicators will tell you in which area to conduct further research.
- Coagulogram. It reveals the degree of blood clotting, which is very important with frequent bleeding. If clotting is poor, most of the blood can leak out through the nose, resulting in death.
- Ultrasound (ultrasound examination) of the head and internal organs.
- Cardiogram. She shows the work of the heart.
- Echocardiography. Detects possible changes in the heart and its valves.
- X-ray of the nose and skull.
- Computer graphics of the sinuses.
- Tomography of the skull.
To establish an accurate diagnosis, you will needvisit several doctors and undergo a comprehensive diagnosis. ENT, hematologist, surgeon, neuropathologist, cardiologist, ophthalmologist and many other specialists will help you with this.
High pressure nosebleeds
What causes nosebleeds? High blood pressure is considered the most common problem in people with nasal bleeding. High blood pressure if you have:
- Pulsating pain in the head.
- Continuous noise, squeaking in the ears.
- Nausea.
- Weakness, low temperature.
With hypertension, bleeding is a normal phenomenon that prevents overloading of the brain vessels. However, in this case, blood loss should not be ignored either.
Be careful, because it causes a drop in blood pressure, and this provokes heart failure. So heal up! Why is blood flowing from the nose, reasons? We have already answered this and many questions, now we need to find out how to properly conduct first aid to the victim.
First Aid
With such a problem, you should decide whether you need medical help or you can handle it yourself. If the bleeding in one of your relatives is unexpressed, you can handle it on your own. Or tell your family how to act if you have blood loss. How do doctors recommend to behave?
You need to act as follows.
- Calm down. Especially when the child is bleeding from the nose. To do this, tell the victim to start breathing deeply and slowly. It relieves excitement, fear, makes the heartbeat slower, relieves stress. And because of this, the bleeding becomes less, as the blood pressure drops.
- Seat the injured person in a comfortable position, preferably on a sofa. You should raise his head so that the blood does not flow down, but do not completely tilt his head back. In this case, the blood will drain into the throat, causing vomiting. And in a worse situation, it can get into the lungs.
- If blood continues to flow out, place a container under your nose to collect the blood. Later, you can show it to specialists and identify the problem.
- You need to press the wings of the nose to the septum with your fingers.
- You can also put cold medicine in your nose. This will help the vessels narrow faster and the blood will stop flowing.
- Place a drop of hydrogen peroxide into each nostril.
- Apply a cold compress to your nose. Change it every fifteen minutes.
- The victim should drink 200 milliliters of water with one teaspoon of s alt in it.
Do I need help?
Bleeding from the nose, what should I do? It is imperative to provide assistance with nosebleeds to the victim, even if an ambulance has already been called. The fact is that before the doctors arrive, blood will flow out if certain measures are not taken. Blood loss is very dangerous for the body and requires immediate attention.
How to avoid problems?
What do doctors advise people who often have nosebleeds? Shouldfollow these tips to help restore the body.
- Use vitamins, it will help strengthen the walls of blood vessels. Vitamins K, C, B help the most.
- Go to your doctor regularly. Timely diagnosis is extremely important.
- Watch your blood pressure. If it is greatly increased or decreased, you should be examined by a doctor, identify the causes and eliminate them.
- Train your blood vessels. This can be done in the shower. First, pour hot water on the body, then cold. Repeat the procedure several times, alternating hot and cold water. You need to start hardening with hot water, and finish with cold. This will improve the elasticity of blood vessels (their fragility is what causes nosebleeds), if done regularly, it will even strengthen the immune system.
- Be sure to take life's problems more calmly. Nerve cells do not regenerate. Avoid stress and try to control your emotions. After all, it has long been known that all diseases of our body are caused by nerves.
- Control the composition of the blood, take it for analysis. Deviation from the norm will help to identify hidden diseases in time. Including to identify why the nose bleeds in an adult or a child.
- It is important to permanently quit smoking and alcohol if you are already abusing it.
- Move more, exercise. It helps with he alth problems, strengthens the body, improves the functioning of organs and body systems. Sports also promote emotional stability. The main thing -avoid overexertion.
- He althy eating contributes to the smooth functioning of the body. Include more vegetables and fruits in your diet, try to eat fractionally.
Conclusion
In this article, we only figured out 10% of what causes nosebleeds. Be sure to visit a doctor and do not self-medicate. Ignoring bleeding can be extremely detrimental to your he alth.
