Mature cataract (ICD-10 codes H25, H26, H28) is a disease that affects people at any age. Mature is one of the stages of the disease. It can be treated in different ways, but the main one is surgery. It is recommended to pay attention to a new method - glasses, which are quite effective in the fight against pathology.
Signs
Characteristic complaints in a mature cataract in a patient may be as follows:
- The patient has problems seeing the object: the image doubles and does not focus well.
- Inability to clearly distinguish the object.
- In the dark, there is a loss of eye contact with objects, reflections, bright glare appear.
- The patient becomes unable to fully distinguish the color shades of objects, the colors seem less bright than they really are.
Symptoms
The stronger the influence of cataracts, the more pronounced the symptoms take on, as well as their number. Over time, the disease manifests itself as follows:
- The patient noticeably fallsvisual acuity, the ability to adequately respond to light/shadow.
- Moving spots, dots, stripes appear before the eyes.
- Objects in the field of view are perceived blurry, fuzzy.
- Feeling of tired eyes, in the effect of "fog", pain and discomfort.
- Uncomfortable feeling when reacting to bright light.
- In the dark, the patient has an improvement in the perception of objects, as light begins to pass through the peripheral part of the lens.
- It is possible to restore visual acuity, but after a while, the problem returns.
Stages of cataract
Good vision is appreciated by a person precisely when eye diseases begin. The most common is a cataract, which disrupts the ability of the elastic lens to focus on objects. Its transparency is also lost.
The disease develops gradually, passing through several stages. To make it easier for doctors to navigate the disorders and prescribe treatment, the following stages were identified:
- Almost mature cataract. There is too slight clouding of the lens, mainly from the periphery, but the main part is still transparent and elastic. Gradually, dark stripes develop towards the center of the eye, which begin to interfere with the person, because the view is partially closed. If the disease develops from the center, then the loss of vision occurs much faster. Patients may notice spots or flies before their eyes. The first stage can last from a month to 10 years. Whereinvisual clarity is significantly reduced, and the lens becomes cloudy. To see an object, a person needs to get very close to it. This period is otherwise called "swelling" due to the fact that the lens increases, intraocular pressure increases, there is a threat of glaucoma.
- Mature cataract. The lens becomes so cloudy that a person can only distinguish large objects, recognize light and shadow. The pupil is the color of milk.
- Overripe. The lens has a yellow tint. It becomes smaller, due to this it moves in the chamber when the head is tilted. In the substance of the lens, the fibers disintegrate, and a thorn begins to form.
Sidorenko's glasses
Not the first year, patients are interested in modern methods that will make it possible to cure cataracts in the absence of surgical intervention. Today there is such a way. This is the Sidorenko Points device. They are an excellent prophylactic that helps to improve the functions of vision. Glasses are also used to favorably influence the external image of the eyes.
The device helps to strengthen the skin of the eyelids and smooth out small wrinkles. The principle of operation of this device is based on a light vacuum micromassage of the eye and the skin around them, which improves the course of blood microcirculation, awakens metabolic processes in the eyes and skin areas around them. "Sidorenko glasses" are recommended for use by adults and children over 3 years of age.
This is an innovative device that looks like goggles. The classic glasses in this device are modified by mini-pressure chambers, which close around the eye sockets when put on. The healing and healing effect is based on the effect of low-intensity cryogenic pressure (spectrum - 0.05-0.1 atm., frequency - 3-4 Hz) on the tissues of the eye and the muscles located near them.
The device helps to provide the eye with the necessary nutritional components, restore vision, improve the condition of the skin of the eyelids and nearby areas. Already after the first session, it is possible to notice tangible improvements: puffiness is reduced, annoying headaches due to eye strain disappear, the skin in the eye area is significantly smoothed.
Pros of the device
The use of "Sidorenko Points" is characterized by a number of positive results:
- Exchange processes are activated.
- Increases blood circulation.
- Ophthalmic fluid withdrawal movements are activated.
- The formation of nucleoproteins is enhanced.
- Scars dissolve.
- Protein synthesis is enhanced.
- Tissues feed on oxygen.
- The rate of glucose utilization is accelerated.
Pulsed illumination emitted by "Sidorenko Glasses" is able to generate a reflex increase and further decrease in pupils, which makes it possible to remove accommodation spasms and increase the power of the accommodation muscle. A uniform decrease in the muscles activates the nutrition of the eye, destroys congestion.
Pankov's Glasses
This is another medical device designed to cure and prevent a range of ophthalmic diseases. The frame of the device is equipped with LED emitters, which are controlled by microprocessor controllers. If this device is used, it is possible to effectively treat cataracts, get rid of retinal dystrophy, progressive myopia, astigmatism, and optic nerve atrophy.
"Pankov's glasses" how they work
The activity of the device is based on the principles of low-intensity radiation that can cleanse cells and stimulate microcirculation. Functions of vision improve to a large extent already after some of the sessions done. In addition, the use of the device can help improve the general condition of the body, reduce the frequency of headaches, and promote normal sleep.
"Pankov's glasses" are recommended for preventive purposes for those whose activities require a long stay at the computer monitor. This mechanism can be used both as a separate treatment method and as part of a course of therapy.
Tunnel cataract extraction
The presented technology is used in case of diagnosed opacification with a dense core, which is problematic to remove, as well as in age-related mature cataract. Tunnel extraction belongs to the manual methods of extracting the clouded lens. ATat the very beginning of the procedure, local anesthesia is introduced, after which the specialist receives access to the capsular lobe of the lens and makes a small incision (no more than 3.5 millimeters long). Then the changed lens is removed from the capsule area.
Instead of it, an intraocular lens is placed, which helps to ensure the best refraction of light rays, as well as perform all the standard functions of the lens. There is no need for stitches because the incision performed by the doctor is self-sealing.
Tunnel extraction is recognized by experts as one of the most effective ways to cure cataracts. The procedure is characterized by:
- The minimum step of postoperative traumatism.
- Small risk of astigmatism (after procedure).
- Short stage of rehabilitation.
Medicated treatment
For cataracts, the patient is given treatment, which can be medical or surgical. It depends on the degree of damage to the lens. Drug treatment is used in the early stages of the disease. In the medical treatment of mature cataracts, drops are prescribed, as well as preparations containing:
- Riboflavin.
- Glutamic acid.
- Cysteine.
- Ascorbic acid;
- Citral.
In addition, funds are prescribed that help improve metabolic processes in the lens. Ophthalmologists prescribe these drops:
- "Taufon".
- "Oftan-Katahrom".
- Rubistenol.
- Jodocol.
- Perjol.
- Catarstat.
- Opacinan.
- Seletec.
They help slow down the process of clouding of the lens. The drug "Quinax" helps to activate enzymes and promotes the resorption of turbidity. Patients with radiation and toxic cataracts may also be treated with medication. However, if the cataract is congenital, then this treatment is not applied.
But not at all stages of the disease, drugs show effective results. Often only surgery can help the patient.
With a mature cataract in one eye and good vision in the other, it is better not to rush into the operation, since when removing a cataract in one eye, a significant difference in refraction is obtained. Drug treatment is not a panacea for mature cataracts, but they help slow down the development process. Additionally, patients are prescribed vitamins and multivitamins, for example, Undevit, Pangeksavit.
Surgical treatment
At the stage of mature cataract, surgery is the most effective method. During surgery, the lens is removed and a new lens is placed. Several types of operations are used for this disease:
- Intracapsular extraction.
- Ultrasonic phacoemulsification.
- Laser treatment.
- Extracapsular extraction.
In the first case, the entirelens capsule. Such an operation is very difficult and traumatic. In the second case, the lens is brought to a state of emulsion and removed from the eye. An artificial lens is inserted in its place. The third method is a technology in which the lens is removed with a laser. These operations are very popular. As for the latter case, the nucleus and mass of the lens without the posterior capsule are removed.
Features of surgical treatment of mature cataract
Surgical therapy aims to restore a person's sight. Modern techniques allow minimizing the level of traumatic intervention. This is achieved by saving the lens capsule, creating a small incision, and using specific methods to remove the clouded lens. In addition, one of the types of operations is the implantation of elastic lenses, or intraocular lenses.
The method of extracapsular cataract extraction fully meets these criteria.
