Allergy as such at least once in a lifetime was ill with almost every inhabitant of our planet. There are a huge number of types of this pathology. In this article we will consider toxic-allergic dermatitis. It occurs in humans as a result of exposure to irritants, in this case allergens. It is worth noting that this pathology can be both in a child and in an adult. Recently, a negative trend has appeared: this disease is progressing more and more, and a huge number of people suffer from it. According to statistics, every second inhabitant of the planet has experienced what it is.
What is this disease?
Toxic-allergic dermatitis (ICD-10 assigns it a code in the range L20-L30) is an acute reaction of the body to exposure to irritants. It is worth paying attention that pathology can be inherited. When an allergen enters the body, its interaction with cell structures begins. As a result of this process, the skin is damaged.
Inflammation itself occurs due to inhibitionmedicinal enzymes. This can lead to a more severe form of toxic-allergic dermatitis. In this case, not only the skin is affected, but the body's reactivity changes.
It should be noted that in the human body, namely in the blood serum, antibodies are formed. The reaction and sensitivity to the allergen is determined by the amount of toxin. These events occur during pathology, or against the background of a genetic predisposition.
Classification
Specialists in the field of medicine currently distinguish several types of this pathology. Consider them:
- Bullous toxic-allergic dermatitis. In this case, the body gives a negative reaction to drugs. It is worth noting that not all medicines can cause allergies, but only those containing bromine or iodine.
- Spotted toxidermia. This type of pathology also occurs on the basis of an overdose of drugs. Only in this situation, medicines containing arsenic or mercury are undesirable.
- Pustular dermatitis. Like the two previous types, the main cause of occurrence is the use of drugs. Cause reactions drugs containing lithium and vitamin B.
- Papular toxidermia. This disease appears as a result of taking medications from the tetracycline series. What does toxic-allergic dermatitis look like? A photo of one of its manifestations is presented below.
The above types are the main ones, but doctors single out one more: urticaria toxidermia. Activators are products containing penicillin. Also, inflammation of the skin can occur due to alcohol consumption. There are several forms of the course of the disease: mild, moderate and severe. To determine the type and severity of the pathology, you need to visit a dermatologist or allergist.
Causes of occurrence
As already noted, toxic-allergic dermatitis is a type of allergy. Pathology has a peculiarity: only after irritants enter the human blood, symptoms and distinctive manifestations appear on the skin.
There are a huge number of reasons for the appearance of the disease. Consider the main ones:
- taking various medications;
- contact with chemicals;
- conventional foods and exotic fruits;
- dairy products, sushi, rolls, nuts, honey;
- spices, smoked products, etc.
People whose body has a genetic predisposition to this pathology, it is recommended to stay away from gold and arsenic. Lovers of the precious metal should refrain from any contact with it for the sake of he alth. You should opt for silver jewelry.
Signs of pathology
It should be noted that regardless of the age of the patient and his gender, the symptoms of toxic-allergic dermatitis will manifest themselves in the same way. The rash appears in very unpleasant places: on the inside of the elbows, bends of the knees, near the genitals and armpits.
In addition to the rash itself, the following are distinguishedsigns:
- dizziness and headache;
- increased body temperature;
- nausea and vomiting;
- loss of appetite;
- weakness, feeling unwell.
These symptoms are very similar to those of other diseases such as ringworm, scarlet fever and psoriasis. In practice, there have been cases when the doctor made a mistake with the diagnosis, since the manifestations are very similar to each other.
Diagnosis
This is probably the most difficult stage. The allergist or dermatologist should first listen carefully to the patient and ask him about all the symptoms. The patient, in turn, needs to answer honestly so that the probability of a correct diagnosis is high. You can not start treatment on your own, the specialist must associate the appearance of allergies with drugs.
After an external examination, the doctor sends the patient to a laboratory test, where they take a special sample. If the pathology manifests itself in a severe degree, the patient is sent to the hospital. There, under the supervision of specialists, he donates blood for immunological analysis. This will help to better study the composition of the blood, as well as detect allergens.
Diagnosing an illness can take a long time, as there is a high probability of error. To prevent this from happening, the doctor must take all the necessary tests and conduct research. Based on the results obtained, a diagnosis is made. How to treat toxic-allergic dermatitis? Consider below.
Treatment
Course of therapy on an individual basisprescribed by the attending physician, and the patient must follow it impeccably in order to achieve a complete recovery. The entire period of treatment of the patient should be under the close supervision of a specialist. To begin with, the doctor prescribes those medications that are not capable of causing a strong allergic reaction. In addition, the use of diuretics and laxatives is often recommended. With their help, you can remove the remaining allergens from the body.
Treatment of toxic-allergic dermatitis is carried out using desensitizing therapy. Within its framework, antihistamines are prescribed, as well as medicines that contain vitamin C.
In the case when the pathology has become severe, experts recommend the use of corticosteroids. In this case, the patient must undergo the entire course of treatment in a hospital. Sometimes the doctor prescribes external preparations, such as ointments and aqueous solutions. A photo of toxic-allergic dermatitis in adults, more precisely, manifestations on the skin of this disease, is presented below.
Folk remedies
An excellent solution in the treatment of dermatitis is St. John's wort. This plant has proven itself in such situations. St. John's wort has anti-inflammatory properties that will help eliminate or minimize signs of inflammation. To prepare a decoction, you need dry St. John's wort and boiling water. The optimal ratio is 2 tbsp. spoons / 200 ml of water. The decoction is infused for about two hours, and is used as a compress on the damaged area.leather.
In practice, potato roots also help a lot. Rinse the potatoes well and grind with a blender. Put the resulting mixture on cheesecloth and squeeze. The thick mass left after these actions can be applied to the affected area of the body.
Also, propolis ointment (10%) and caraway tincture (20%) help to get rid of toxic-allergic dermatitis. The ointment should be applied in a thin layer, preferably at bedtime. As for the tincture, it can be bought at the pharmacy ready-made. All you need to do is apply to the affected areas.
It is worth noting that folk remedies for treating allergies are quite effective, but it is not recommended to use them without the approval of a doctor. Self-medication does not lead to anything good, so you should first consult with a specialist.
Diet for this pathology
In addition to treatment with medicines and medicines, it is imperative to follow a diet. Without it, therapy will not be complete. A specific list of products that cannot be consumed is compiled directly by the doctor in a particular situation. He makes a decision on the basis of an external examination, a survey, and the results of various studies. In any case, you need to be prepared for the fact that you have to give up products with a high level of allergic activity.
Most often doctors forbid:
- milk, eggs, nuts, citrus;
- mayonnaise, seasonings, sauces;
- fish, mushrooms, seafood;
- chocolate, pastries.
As for the method of preparation, it also matters. It is advisable to boil or steam food, as fried and baked foods can cause an allergic reaction. You should pay attention to drinks. It is recommended to drink only green tea and non-carbonated mineral water.
Toxic-allergic dermatitis in children
Children, along with adults, are susceptible to this pathology. In a child, an ailment can occur if he swallowed something inedible, such as a cream or medicine. From this, not only a rash appears, but also small cracks. They are usually localized on the knees, feet, heels and elbows.
Cracks cause discomfort and pain. It is especially bad when they occur on the feet or heels, then it is difficult for the child to walk. Children cannot bear it, and the rash is always accompanied by itching. Thus, they comb these places, resulting in pustules. To avoid this, it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor when signs of an allergy appear. If you try to cure the child yourself, you may not succeed. What are the manifestations of toxic-allergic dermatitis in children? The photo is presented in the article.
Disease prevention
Certainly, modern medicine has made a huge step forward, and now doctors are able to cure any disease. As you know, it is much easier to monitor your he alth than to undergo therapy for a long time. Recovery can take a lot of time and causemany inconveniences. If you are careful, you can prevent the appearance of pathology.
People with weak immune systems should be especially careful. You have to watch the jewelry you wear and the food you eat. It is not recommended to eat raw fish, and the meat must be carefully cooked. Even when choosing clothes, you need to be careful, especially when it comes to children.
Conclusion
Toxic-allergic dermatitis (in ICD 10, as already mentioned, it is assigned a code in the L20-L30 range) is a reaction to irritants, namely allergens, entering the human bloodstream. This is a very unpleasant pathology, accompanied by the appearance of a rash in uncomfortable places. This ailment occurs in both children and adults.
To prevent its occurrence, you need to monitor your he alth. You should not abuse junk food and thoughtlessly take medications. If you find the first symptoms, contact your doctor immediately. He will prescribe a course of treatment, after which you can get rid of the pathology.
