Oophoritis is characterized by an inflammatory process that develops in the ovaries and causes damage to the urogenital female system. Due to the fact that the inflammatory process begins to develop in the ovaries, the inflammation soon passes to the fallopian tubes. The disease can affect only one organ - it is a unilateral oophoritis, or it can be bilateral. If inflammation develops not only in the ovaries, but also in the uterine appendages, then this indicates the presence of salpingitis and oophoritis.
Causes of disease
The reasons that can provoke the development of salpingitis and oophoritis can be very different, but most often the disease is not an independent pathology. This is because the ovaries are located in such a way that the infection cannot get into them.
As a rule, the inflammatory process is transmitted through the fallopian tube. There is also another significant source of infection - the appendix, which is located in the abdominal cavity. Sometimes causedamage to the whole organism. Initially, you need to figure out what salpingitis and oophoritis are in women.
Factors that provoke the development of pathology
The main factors experts include the following:
- chronic infections;
- problems with the endocrine system;
- diseases of the genitourinary system;
- stress, overwork, which leads to a decrease in immunity;
- hypothermia;
- irregular sex;
- promiscuity;
- sexual intercourse without using contraceptives;
- smoking.
Cause the development of salpingitis and oophoritis can pathogens that lead to the development of diseases such as chlamydia, gonorrhea, mycoplasmosis, tuberculosis, staphylococcus aureus. Also, the pathology develops due to the penetration of E. coli, streptococci and many other harmful bacteria into the body.
Due to the usual hypothermia, the inflammatory process in the ovaries can worsen. The use of intrauterine devices, numerous abortions, childbirth, painful critical days also affect the state of the system. As a rule, the pathology is secondary, and the infection enters the ovaries through the lymph or through the bloodstream from other organs.
Signs of disease
Signs of oophoritis will depend entirely on the stage of development of the disease. In order to determine the stage, the method of palpation and ultrasound is used. Thanks to high-quality diagnostics, it is possible to establish the presence of puffiness, whether there are changes in the tissues, whether there is pain in the ovaries. The disease is acute, subacute or chronic. Depending on the stage, the signs of oophoritis will also differ.
Subacute symptoms
If acute salpingitis and oophoritis are present, the following symptoms occur:
- High body temperature rises, there is general weakness, constant chills.
- There are problems in the work of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Headaches, muscle pains are disturbing.
- Vaginal discharge with pus.
- Urine becomes painful.
- Uterine bleeding may occur.
- Severe pains are felt in the lower abdomen, become sharper during intercourse.
The acute form of oophoritis can be determined during the examination by a gynecologist. On palpation, severe pain occurs, and the ovaries increase in size due to inflammation and swelling.
The disease is treated only in a hospital setting, and the patient needs to be hospitalized as soon as possible. If the acute form of oophoritis is diagnosed in time, then the treatment will not take much time and there will be no consequences or complications.
Chronic form of oophoritis: symptoms
If the pathology becomes chronic, then the symptoms change accordingly. The main signs can be called the following:
- Irregular menstrual cycle.
- Bottomthe abdomen feels severe pain during intercourse.
- Due to overwork, stress, hypothermia, infectious diseases, relapses occur very often.
- In the groin, in the vagina there is a dull aching pain, which becomes more intense shortly before critical days or during the development of various diseases.
- There is constant discharge in small amounts.
- A woman cannot get pregnant for a long time.
The chronic form of the disease is latent and occurs as a result of the lack of treatment of acute oophoritis. In most cases, the diagnosis is made while searching for the causes of infertility or if the menstrual cycle has become irregular. The ovaries gradually become very dense, located behind the uterus, and during palpation the woman feels severe pain.
Due to the chronic form of the disease, a woman may develop neuropsychological disorders over time. These include poor sleep, severe irritability, decreased performance, a woman gets tired quickly. Sometimes you can find cases when chronic oophoritis begins to develop immediately, and does not go from an acute form. This can be explained by the fact that many sexually transmitted diseases initially occur without any symptoms, but inflammation actively develops in the ovaries.
If chronic oophoritis is not diagnosed in time, it begins to provoke the appearance of changes in the fallopian tubes, which causes their obstruction. In such a situation, therea secondary form of functional infertility, and a huge number of adhesions form around the ovaries.
Subacute symptoms
This form is very rare. The disease begins to develop against the background of mycotic or tuberculous infectious lesions of the female body. Symptoms are almost the same as those that are characteristic of the acute stage, but they are less pronounced.
If the pathology is diagnosed in time and treatment is started, then the recovery will be complete and quick. Otherwise, the subacute stage quickly turns into a chronic one, in which periods of remissions and exacerbations will constantly alternate.
Treatment of chronic oophoritis
Treatment of salpingitis and oophoritis is selected individually. During an exacerbation of chronic oophoritis, immunomodulators are used that allow the woman's immune system to be restored. Before understanding how to treat chronic salpingitis and oophoritis, you need to know that it is important to choose the right medication and strengthen it with traditional medicine. Of the non-traditional methods, it is considered effective to take herbal decoctions, the use of tampons, baths and regular douching.
A huge role is played by the stage of treatment, which eliminates pain. Prolonged pain has a very bad effect on the work of the nervous and cardiovascular systems. Because of them, neurosis, a chronic form of fatigue, severe irritability may occur. Antibiotics are also used for treatment, butonly during the subacute or acute stage of the disease.
Treatment of acute disease
In the ICD, salpingitis and acute oophoritis have the code N70.0. There is a huge amount of information about this disease. Many are interested in how to treat salpingitis and oophoritis, depending on the symptoms. It is necessary to treat the acute form of the disease only in a hospital setting. After all, it can lead to very serious consequences. First of all, antibiotics are prescribed for therapy. After some time, when the woman's condition improves, she is prescribed physiotherapy, balneological procedures, which act as preventive measures.
In addition, the patient must take vitamins throughout the entire treatment, as well as use vaginal suppositories in order to avoid further relapses and prevent the transition of an acute form into a chronic one.
Oophoritis and salpingitis
These two diseases are very similar in their symptoms. In most cases, along with the inflammatory process in the ovaries, there is also damage to the fallopian tubes - salpingitis. A variety of harmful microorganisms can cause disease. Interestingly, they can be combined with each other, which makes them very resistant to most antibiotics.
Due to the fact that inflammation provokes serious changes, over time, the fallopian tube gradually becomes soldered to the affected ovary and becomes one formation. Such a neoplasm provokes the accumulation of pus in the fallopian tube, which can very quickly destroy ovarian tissue.
The main signs of oophoritis and salpingitis are very severe pain in the lower abdomen, as well as in the right or left side. The intensity of the pain will be affected by the stage of the pathology. Painful sensations can be sharp, aching, cutting, pulsating. As a rule, they increase even after minor physical exertion and a few days before the onset of menstruation. In addition, the menstrual cycle is greatly disturbed, the body temperature is constantly elevated, and a woman almost always complains of fatigue.
Some time after the onset of the development of salpingitis, urination becomes painful, purulent discharge may appear from the vagina. In the event that pus from the affected fallopian tube and ovary enters the abdominal cavity, this causes the development of pelvic peritonitis. Chronic salpingitis causes a rapid growth of connective tissue.
Diagnosis of salpingitis
Salpingitis and oophoritis can be diagnosed using a variety of studies in the laboratory, as well as thanks to ultrasound, laparoscopy. Sometimes other diagnostic methods may be used. Treatment can be prescribed only after a thorough examination, taking into account all the results obtained.
The choice of treatment will be influenced by the causative agent of the disease, as well as its form. In the case of acute salpingitis, the woman is immediately sent to the hospital. First few days of treatmentthe patient should observe complete rest, and ice and various cold compresses should be applied to the stomach.
Then, drugs for pain relief, various drugs to eliminate pathogenic microflora can be prescribed. If there is no result from drug treatment for some time, then in such a situation one cannot do without surgical intervention.
Conclusion
Oophoritis and salpingitis - what is it? These are very serious diseases, so if you notice even the slightest symptoms, you should immediately consult a doctor. It is also advisable to regularly visit a gynecologist in order to diagnose the presence of pathology in time at the earliest stage of its development.
For more detailed information, you need to know the code for chronic salpingitis and oophoritis - 70.1 under the letter N according to ICD-10.
