In order to prevent and treat viral diseases, interferon inducers are used. The mechanism of their action is associated with the production of protein substances that prevent the reproduction of pathogenic pathogens. Preparations based on inductors allow you to fight respiratory diseases, herpetic and hepatitis infections, influenza.
Determination of interferon
This is the name of a group of compounds of protein origin. They are produced by cells that are infected with viral pathogens.
Interferon substances are factors of non-specific protective mechanism in the body against bacterial, chlamydial, pathogenic fungal infections, cellular structures of tumors. They also play the role of regulators of intercellular interaction of systemic immunity. They are also called immunomodulators with endogenous nature.
There are several forms of human interferonsubstances: leukocyte, or a-interferon, fibroblast, or b-interferon, and immune, or g-interferon.
The scheme of the mechanism of their work begins with the binding of proteins and receptors of a specific nature in cells. With this interaction, protein molecules are synthesized within three tens. With the help of regulatory peptides, the activity of T-type lymphocytes and macrophage structures is stimulated, viruses are prevented from entering through the cell membrane and multiplying. It is they that determine the protective properties.
Natural interferon inducers are viral cells that have penetrated into a living organism. They are strong and weak stimulants of the production of a protective protein. Most pathogens of serious diseases are poor inducers. These include cytomegalovirus and HIV infection, herpes, hepatitis C and B. On the other hand, many pathogenic microorganisms that cause respiratory viral diseases are considered strong stimulants for the production of a protective protein.
Interferon inductors (drugs): what is it
Usually this is the name of drugs of the class of synthetic immunomodulators. They are manufactured by pharmaceutical companies. Interferon inductors (drugs) are included in a large class of compounds with different chemical structures. The active ingredient can be a low- and high-molecular substance, of synthetic or natural origin. They are united by a common property that allows them to induce their own or endogenous interferon in the cells of the body. Such drugs canexhibit antiviral and immunomodulatory effects.
How they work
Endogenous interferon inductors are drugs aimed in most cases at fighting a viral infection. The mechanism of their action is based on the contact of the active substance of the drug with the cellular and tissue contents, which results in the production of a protective protein.
Interferon inductors are pharmaceutical drugs that artificially increase protein secretion. Their action is similar to natural stimulants, which include viral, bacterial cells and various substances.
The use of interferon inductors can provoke hyporeactivity. In this state, with repeated administration of the drug, there is no response production of a protective protein, its suppression is observed. At this stage, it is not advisable to administer the drug. The duration of such a state is determined by the inductor itself. Changing the active substance, as well as interrupting treatment with the same agent, contribute to the elimination of hyporeactivity.
Prescribing drugs that stimulate the production of a protective protein does not cause severe undesirable effects that require their withdrawal.
The advantage of endogenous protein inducers
There are two ways to increase immunity with interferon. This compound can be administered exogenously or directly to the body. Another way involves endogenous interferonization with the introduction of substances that stimulate the productionown interferon. Such a protein does not show antigenicity, which cannot be said about recombinant interferon. Prolonged administration of the finished protein in the form of drugs leads to the development of unwanted reactions.
Endogenous interferon inducers, when studying their effectiveness, showed pharmacological activity in a wide range of infections. Their bifunctional property was established, characterized by an antiviral effect and a pronounced immunomodulatory effect.
The action of interferon inducers leads to the synthesis of proteins, which in their activity are similar to ready-made protective proteins. Such a process is considered balanced, it is controlled by mechanisms that reliably protect the body from excessive formation of these compounds.
With a single use of drugs that induce interferon, there is a fairly long-term circulation of the protective protein in the desired therapeutic dose. To obtain such a dosage when prescribing exogenous protein, it should be repeatedly administered in large volumes. Such treatment is considered more expensive.
Drug List
Currently, doctors are increasingly using interferon inducers - drugs, the list of which is replenished every year with new medicines. A large number of immunomodulating agents allows you to fight many diseases.
The immune system contains functionally interconnected components that eliminate compounds unusual for the bodyantigenic origin. Each element of immunity has specific agents. This explains the variety of drugs that promote the production of a protective protein.
There are various interferon inducers (drugs), the list of which is headed by the drug "Poludan". This tool is considered the very first stimulator of protective proteins, which began to be used back in the 70s. It includes polyadenylic and polyuridic acids. Its effectiveness in the production of interferon is low. Eye drops and injections of the drug "Poludan" treat herpetic keratitis and keratoconjunctivitis. Applications for the treatment of colpitis and herpetic vulvovaginitis are made with a solution of the drug.
Interferon inductors - preparations "Actaviron", "Lavomax", "Tilaxin", "Tylorone dihydrochloride", "Amiksin", "Tiloram" - contain the active component tilorone.
Drugs "Ridostin" and "Sodium s alt of double-stranded ribonucleic acid" are produced with the active ingredient sodium ribonucleate.
The substance umifenovir is part of the medicines "Arbidol", "Arbivir", "Immust" and "Arpeflu".
There are also interferon inducers, the preparations of which are named after the name of the active substances. These include Kagocel and Tiloron tablets.
Based on meglumine acridone acetate, Meglumine Acridonacetate and Cycloferon medicines are produced, and sodium oxodihydroacridinyl acetate is present in Neovir medicine.
Yodantipyrin contains 1-phenyl-2, 3-dimethyl-4-iodopyrazolone, andAlpizarin tablets contain magniferrin s alt.
Interferon inductors for children, their description
There are a large number of adult medicines that can be given to a child, but only from a certain age. For example, the drug "Cycloferon" begins to treat four-year-old children, and the drug "Ridostin" is prescribed from the age of seven. Both drugs have a wide range of effects. They are suitable for the treatment of respiratory diseases of a viral nature, influenza, chronic hepatitis, herpes. Their disadvantage is the possible unwanted side reactions.
Interferon inductors are drugs for children in a special form, designed specifically for the child. Among them, the remedy "Arbidol" is distinguished. It has been used since the age of two. The children's form of the drug is produced in the form of capsules for internal use. The drug has antiviral and immunomodulatory effects.
It refers to anti-influenza drugs that suppress type B and type A viral cells. With its participation, the production of internal interferon is stimulated, which prevents contact and penetration of the infection into the cell. Under the action of a protective protein, the viral lipid envelope is unable to connect to the cell membrane.
Interferon inductors for children enhance humoral type immunity, when they act, the body becomes more resistant to infectious agents, the number of complications decreases.
The drug "Kagocel" hassimilar effect on the body of the child. It is produced in the form of tablets for internal use. The permissible age for using the medicine is from three years old.
Therapy of respiratory diseases
Interferon inducers are drugs for the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections, which lead to the formation of a protective protein in the cells of the body. They are also prescribed for influenza.
The most effective means are medicines based on tilorone, which include tablets "Tiloron" and "Amixin". For the treatment of influenza and acute respiratory illness of a viral nature, adults are recommended to use 125 mg orally at a time. This dose applies to the first two days, then 125 mg is taken every other day. The course amount of the drug is 750 mg.
For preventive measures, 125 mg is used at a time, then a break for 6 days. This course is repeated for about six weeks.
Drugs based on tilorone are contraindicated in case of individual intolerance, during pregnancy and when breastfeeding a child.
These medications can cause nausea, fever, and an allergic reaction.
The drug "Umifenovir" has interferon-inducing activity, stimulation of cell-type immunity, increasing the resistance of the whole organism to infectious agents.
For preventive measures in contact with sick people, a daily dose of 200 mg is prescribed for one week. Seasonal influenza and respiratory illnessesuse a daily dose of 100 mg at a time, then take a break for two days. This course lasts three weeks. For the treatment of colds, 200 mg is prescribed 4 times a day, for three days.
Drugs with umifenovir are not used with existing individual intolerance, during severe somatic pathologies. Taking these medications can cause allergic manifestations.
Treatment of autoimmune diseases
Such diseases include pathological conditions in which antibodies are produced or auto-aggressive clones of killer cells multiply in response to he althy tissues. This leads to damage and destruction of he althy tissue, resulting in autoimmune inflammation.
Typically, interferon inducers are used for treatment. Drugs for autoimmune diseases are prescribed those that have an immunosuppressive effect.
For the treatment of multiple sclerosis, the drug "Amixin" is used. At the slightest manifestation of an acute respiratory infection, which aggravates the condition, a dose of 125 mg or 250 mg of the drug is prescribed after a meal. Tablets are drunk every other day, the duration of administration is from 6 to 12 days.
For the prevention of exacerbation of multiple sclerosis, 125 mg of the drug is prescribed, 2 times in 7 days.
In the complex treatment of the active phase of the disease with existing signs of exacerbation, the drug is taken 125 mg 10 times every 30 days for 6 months. The drug "Amixin" is prescribed together with peptide bioregulators,the general effect of which reduces the increased sensitivity of the body to the myelin protein.
Complex therapy with the drug "Cycloferon" allows you to fight reactive arthritis and rheumatoid, systemic diseases that affect connective tissue. His work is aimed at suppressing autoimmune processes, which provides an anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. With the help of the tool, the immune state is regulated for various immunodeficiency disorders. The medicine "Cycloferon" is produced in tablet form, in the form of an injection solution and liniment.
For the treatment of arthritis, the drug is used intravenously or intramuscularly 1 time per day. The dosage of 250 mg is used from the first to the twelfth day on even days. In acute diseases, an initial increased dose of 500 mg is used.
Therapy of viral diseases
The drug "Amiksin" refers to interferon inducers of the fluoreon low molecular weight class. With its participation, all types of protective proteins are formed, the level of which a day after the use of the drug reaches the highest value in plasma.
The medicine has a wide range of antiviral activity. In addition to respiratory diseases, it is used for acute and chronic hepatitis C and B, recurrent genital herpes, cytomegalovirus and chlamydia infections.
Many antiviral drugs are interferon inducers, Neovir is no exception. With its participation, a large amount of protective protein is produced, especiallyfibroblast type, which explains the immunomodulatory, antitumor and antiviral effects of this medication. Neovir is used to treat encephalitis, hepatitis C and B, urethritis, cervicitis, salpingitis caused by chlamydia.
Another similar inducer of a low molecular weight protective protein is the drug "Cycloferon", for the synthesis of which carboxymethylenecridone methylglucamine s alt is used. With its participation, alpha-interferon is formed, the content of which in the lymphoid tissue remains for three days.
In T and B type lymphocytes, macrophages, a protective protein is formed, stem structures are activated in the bone marrow, and the production of granulocytic units is stimulated. The medicine is used for tick-borne encephalitis, herpes, hepatitis, cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus and papillomas.
In addition to the antiviral effect, the agent is active in acute and chronic bacterial chlamydia, erysipelas, bronchitis, postoperative complications, infections of the genitourinary system, peptic ulcer.
The drug "Lavomax" has appeared on the pharmaceutical market, it is produced by the company "Nizhpharm". It has an immunomodulatory effect, the ability to induce interferons, and a wide range of antiviral effects.
Lavomax tablets contain 125 mg of tilorone as an active compound. The drug is an analogue of the drug "Amixin". Its activities are aimed at stimulatingproduction of three types of interferon in T-lymphocytes, hepatocytes, epithelial cells of the intestinal wall.
The influence of immunomodulatory effects occurs due to the restoration of the balance between immunocompetent cells and the normalization of antibody production. The mechanism of antiviral activity is based on the inhibition of the synthesis of proteins specific for viruses in infected areas of the body. This disrupts their further reproduction.
The drug successfully treats influenza, respiratory diseases, viral hepatitis and herpes rashes.
Fast acting inductors
Usually, the introduction of such drugs leads to the rapid production of a protective protein. Fast-acting inducers of endogenous interferon within a few hours of stay in the body can cause the formation of a protein, which proves their effectiveness.
The substance Tiloron after internal use increases the protein concentration to a maximum value after 4 hours. There is a gradual formation of interferon, first in the intestines, then in the liver, and a day later - in the blood.
The drug "Cycloferon" induces protein after 4 hours, and the peak is observed after 8 hours, after which there is a gradual decrease in concentration.
