"Prednisolone" intravenously: indications, instructions for use, dosage, side effects

2024 Author: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 20:44

The drug belongs to the therapeutic group of steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. There is a wide range of medical indications for using the solution for intravenous and intramuscular injection.

The drug is produced in several dosage forms. What are the indications for intravenous Prednisolone?

Composition

The main active ingredient of the drug is the substance of the same name, its concentration in 1 milliliter of the solution is 30 mg. In addition, the structure of the drug includes additional components:

• s alt of pyrosulfurous acid;
• caustic soda;
• nicotinic acid amide;
• disodium s alt of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid;
• water.

Solution for parenteral use is contained in 1 ml glass ampoules. Ampoules are placed in plastic packages of 3 pieces.

Pharmacological properties

"Prednisolone" is considered a synthetic substitute for the natural hormone, which belongs to glucocorticosteroids. After the injection, the active substance has several positive effects:

• anti-inflammatory action;
• immunosuppressive action.

In addition, the active component of the solution for reducing the synthesis of adrenocorticotropic hormone in the pituitary gland, helps to increase the intensity of protein breakdown in the body.

After using the drug, the active ingredient accumulates in the blood and is evenly distributed in the tissues, where it has therapeutic effects.

In what cases is an injection of "Prednisolone" administered intravenously or intramuscularly

There are a number of medical indications in which the solution is used as an emergency drug, these include:

1. Shock state, which is accompanied by a critical decrease in systemic blood pressure.
2. Anaphylactic shock (allergic reaction, a state of hypersensitivity of the body).
3. Bronchial asthma (chronic inflammation of the respiratory system, which is characterized by asthma attacks).
4. Status Asthma (a severe, life-threatening complication of bronchial asthma, usually resulting from a prolonged, intractable attack).
5. Swelling of the brain after injury.
6. Systemic lupus erythematosus(connective tissue damage, which is caused by a general immunocomplex lesion of the connective tissue and its derivatives).
7. Rheumatism (a systemic inflammatory disease of the connective tissue with predominant localization of the pathological process in the membranes of the heart).
8. Rheumatoid arthritis
9. Acute hepatitis (inflammatory damage to the liver of various origins with the death of a large number of liver cells and the occurrence of functional organ failure, up to hepatic coma).
10. Thyrotoxic crisis (the most severe life-threatening complication of diffuse toxic goiter).

In addition, the solution "Prednisolone" is used to reduce the intensity of inflammation and scarring in tissues after burns with acids, alkalis.

Restrictions

If it is necessary to use a solution for parenteral administration according to indications, individual intolerance to substances is considered a significant contraindication to its use.

From the instructions for use for "Prednisolone" intravenously, it is known that in other situations there are several pathological conditions of the body in which the medication is not used:

1. Peptic ulcer disease (a chronic disease characterized by periods of remission (a period of time during which the disease does not appear) and exacerbations; andaccompanied by the formation of an ulcer (damage to the mucous membrane) in the stomach or duodenum).
2. Gastritis with high acidity (inflammation of the mucous (inner) lining of the stomach wall).
3. Diverticulitis (intestinal disease characterized by inflammation of blindly ending protrusions of its wall).
4. Ulcerative colitis (a type of chronic inflammatory disease of the large intestine of unknown etiology).
5. Herpetic infection (a chronic infectious disease that is provoked by the herpes simplex virus and is characterized by damage to the integumentary tissues and nerve cells).
6. Shingles (a disease caused by the herpes virus).
7. Chickenpox (an infectious disease with airborne transmission, characterized by fever, as well as rashes on the skin and mucous membranes in the form of small blisters with transparent contents).
8. Amebiasis (anthroponotic invasion with a fecal-oral mechanism of transmission, which is characterized by chronic recurrent colitis with extraintestinal manifestations).
9. Measles (an acute disease that manifests itself with a temperature of more than 39 degrees, as well as severe intoxication, cough and rash).
10. Strongyloides (parasitic, chronic, anthroponotic infection).
11. Systemic mycosis (a number of severe diseases caused by a fungus).
12. HIV (slowly progressive human immunodeficiency virus disease).

For what diseases is it still forbidden to use the drug? From the instructions for use for "Prednisolone" intravenously, it is known that the solution is contraindicated in the following conditions:

1. AIDS (late manifestation of human immunodeficiency virus infection).
2. Time before vaccination.
3. Past myocardial infarction (one of the clinical forms of cardiac ischemia occurring with the development of ischemic necrosis (local tissue death) of the myocardial area (the muscular middle layer of the heart, which makes up the bulk of its mass), due to the absolute or relative insufficiency of its blood supply).
4. Hypertension (an illness of a chronic nature, which is characterized by a persistent increase in blood pressure to high numbers due to a violation of the regulation of blood circulation in the human body).
5. Hypertriglyceridemia (a disease in which the level of triglycerides in the blood rises).
6. Diabetes mellitus (a disease of the thyroid system, which is characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency in the body of insulin, a hormone of the pancreas, resulting in hyperglycemia).
7. Thyrotoxicosis (a process that occurs in the human body due to a persistent increase in the number of thyroid hormones).
8. Hypothyroidism (a syndrome that develops when the concentration of thyroid hormones is low, is one of the most common diseases).
9. Itsenko-Cushing's disease (a disease in which there is an increased content of glucocorticoid hormones in the bloodadrenal cortex).
10. Pregnancy.
11. Osteoporosis (a progressive skeletal disease with reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures).
12. Myasthenia gravis (a neuromuscular lesion caused by pathological fatigue of the striated muscles).
13. Polio (an infectious disease characterized by damage to the gray matter of the spinal cord by poliovirus and pathology of the nervous system).

Before using the solution, the doctor must make sure that there are no contraindications. How to administer "Prednisolone" intravenously?

How to use the drug

The solution is intended for parenteral administration, it can be administered intramuscularly or intravenously by drip in compliance with the rules of antiseptics, which are aimed at eliminating infection. The dosage regimen of the drug depends on the indication.

How to administer "Prednisolone" intravenously? In shock conditions, the drug is injected in a jet until the level of systemic blood pressure normalizes. Then a maintenance concentration is applied intravenously.

In the absence of positive dynamics, the solution can be reused jet. Single concentration ranges from 40 to 400 milligrams.

In acute adrenal insufficiency, 100-200 milligrams are prescribed, the duration of treatment can be 15 days.

In acute thyrotoxicosis, it is recommended to take 200 to 300 mg of the drug for 2-3 applications, the duration of treatment is about 6 days.

When asthmaticstatus on the first day, up to 1000 mg of Prednisolone is used, then the dosage is regularly reduced to maintenance.

In acute liver and kidney disease - daily dosage is 25-75 milligrams. The maximum dosage of "Prednisolone" intravenously can reach 1000 mg per day.

In acute hepatitis, chemical burns after the use of aggressive compounds orally, the daily concentration depends on the severity of the pathology, it varies from 75 to 100 milligrams of the drug, the duration of treatment varies from 15 to 18 days.

In addition, it is known that in bronchial asthma, "Prednisolone" is prescribed intravenously from 60 mg, do not mix with saline, the duration of therapy is from 3 to 16 days.

After the end of the course of emergency treatment, if possible, they switch to oral administration of the drug in the form of tablets. Abrupt withdrawal of the use of the drug is excluded, dosing is reduced gradually.

"Eufillin" and "Prednisolone" intravenous drip is used for asthma. The proportions of drugs, the volume of saline and dosing are determined by the doctor.

In many situations, the concentration and mode of use is determined by the doctor individually.

Side effects

When using a solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration of the drug, negative reactions to "Prednisolone" intravenously from various organs and systems are likely:

1. Gagging.
2. Pancreatitis (a group of diseases and syndromes in which damage to the pancreas is observed).
3. Loss of appetite.
4. Arrhythmia (one of the most common cardiac diseases, in which the heart rate increases or decreases under the influence of external factors).
5. Bradycardia (a decrease in heart rate (slow heart rate) less than 60 beats per minute in adults at rest).
6. Hypertension (a disease in which there is a steady increase in blood pressure).
7. Hypercoagulation (a condition in which the activity of the blood clotting system is increased).
8. Thrombosis (the formation of blood clots inside the blood vessels, which prevents the free flow of blood through the circulatory system).
9. Delirium (a mental disorder that occurs with clouding of consciousness, impaired attention, perception, thinking and emotions).
10. Hallucinations.
11. Development of euphoria.
12. Depressive disorders.
13. Increased intracranial pressure.
14. Frequent dizziness.
15. Insomnia (impaired sleep initiation and maintenance).
16. Steroid diabetes mellitus (an endocrine disease that occurs as a result of an increased concentration in the blood of the hormones of the adrenal cortex and a violation of the suppression of the production of their hormones.

What other adverse reactions can the drug cause

Side effects of intravenous Prednisolone are as follows:

1. Delayed puberty.
2. Cataract (pathological condition,which is characterized by clouding of the lens of the eye and provoking various degrees of visual impairment up to its complete loss. Clouding of the lens is due to the denaturation of the protein that is part of it).
3. Increased intraocular pressure with optic disc disorders.
4. Corneal hypotrophy (a general definition of a group of diseases characterized by changes in the structure of the cornea, accompanied by a progressive decrease in visual acuity).
5. Exophthalmos (a disease that is caused by pathological protrusion of one or both eyes, and the size of the eyeball remains the same).
6. When applying the drug in the tissue of the eye, head or neck, it is possible to deposit crystals of the active ingredient in the structures of the eye.
7. Weight gain.
8. Hypocalcemia (a condition that develops in the human body due to a violation of the electrophysiological process).
9. Loss of potassium s alts with the development of arrhythmia.
10. Osteoporosis (a progressive skeletal disease with reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures).
11. Pathological tendon and muscle ruptures.
12. Deterioration of the healing of the epidermis in case of its violations.
13. Petechiae (dotted rashes on the skin, which are not more than three millimeters, hemorrhagic in nature, and in the shape of a circle).
14. Steroid acne (the appearance of acne on the skin indicates a malfunction of the sebaceous-glandular apparatus).
15. Thinning skin.
16. Dry.
17. Eruptions on the skin.
18. Itching.
19. Hives
20. Angioedema angioedema (a reaction to various biological and chemical factors, often of an allergic nature).
21. Anaphylactic shock (an acute allergic process that develops in a sensitized organism in response to repeated contact with an allergen and is accompanied by a hemodynamic disorder).

In the area of application of the drug, a decrease in the sensitivity of the skin, the development of tingling, burning, tissue hyperemia may appear.

The severity and nature of the negative effects depends on the concentration and duration of use of the solution for parenteral use. "Prednisolone" with glucose is not used intravenously, since the drug itself is produced in a ready-to-use form.

Features

Before starting therapy with "Prednisolone" for parenteral administration, the doctor must make sure that there are no restrictions, and also pays attention to several nuances, which include:

1. With prolonged treatment with medication, an ophthalmologist's consultation is required, and laboratory monitoring of the state of peripheral blood should also be carried out regularly.
2. To reduce the likelihood of adverse reactions, potassium medications, antacids are prescribed in parallel.
3. In people with severe impairment of the functional activity of the liver in cirrhosis, with hypothyroidism, probablyenhancing the pharmacological action of the drug.
4. During treatment in a stressful situation, an adjustment in the dose of the solution is required.
5. After a myocardial infarction, Prednisolone can be used with particular caution, since a violation of the connective tissue scar of the heart is possible.
6. Vaccination is not carried out when using the medication.
7. Mental disorders are considered grounds for regular medical supervision when using the medication.
8. When stopping therapy, especially in a situation of using increased pharmacological dosages, a withdrawal syndrome may occur, which is accompanied by nausea, vomiting, lethargy, as well as lethargy, stenosis of the skeletal muscles, as well as an increase in the manifestations of the pathological process.
9. When prescribing "Prednisolone" for infectious diseases, etiotropic treatment must be carried out, which is aimed at eliminating the source of the pathogen.
10. The use of medication in children requires regular monitoring of growth and physical development.
11. The drug is not recommended for pregnant women.
12. The active substance of the Prednisolone solution can be combined with a large number of drugs from other pharmacological groups.
13. Do not carry out work that requires increased attention when using.

How to replace Prednisolone tablets with injections? If the doctor has prescribed a certain dosage form according to indications and contraindications, then itscannot be replaced.

In pharmacies, the solution "Prednisolone" for parenteral use is released only by prescription. It is forbidden to use it alone without an appropriate medical prescription.

How to dilute "Prednisolone" intravenously? The medication is a ready-made solution. It must not be mixed with any injectable solutions.

Generics

Similar substitutes in structure and pharmacological action are:

1. "Decortin".
2. "Prednisone".
3. "Medopred".
4. "Betamethasone".
5. "Hydrocortisone".
6. "Dexazon".
7. "Dexamed".
8. "Kenalog".
9. "Lemod".
10. Medrol.
11. "Metipred".
12. "Flosteron".

Before changing the medication, you need to consult a specialist. What is the price of Prednisolone?

How to properly store the drug

The shelf life of the drug is 3 years. "Prednisolone" should be kept in the original packaging.

Away from children, at a temperature no higher than +25°C. The price of "Prednisolone" varies from 30 to 120 rubles.

Opinions

Responses about the drug "Prednisolone" in injections are contradictory. On the one hand, many patients excrete the drug asquite effective, on the other hand, they note that it has a wide range of adverse reactions and, with prolonged use, provokes a withdrawal syndrome.

In addition, some patients report that the injection is painful. Nevertheless, it is injections for children and adults that often make it possible to neutralize the pathology very quickly.