The term "myopia" refers to a pathological condition in which a person sees distant objects poorly. At the same time, everything that is close still retains a clear outline. Another name for the disease is myopia. Most patients are worried about whether myopia can be cured. In order to get rid of the pathology, an integrated approach is needed. Currently, there are effective conservative and surgical methods of treatment. In addition, it is allowed to turn to traditional medicine in order to strengthen vision. How to cure myopia, the ophthalmologist decides in each case. After carrying out diagnostic measures, the doctor determines which method is suitable for the patient.
Development mechanism
Normally, images of surrounding objects are focused on the retina. Under the influence of various adverse factors, it startspathological process. They are characterized by the fact that the images are not focused on the retina, but directly in front of it. At the same time, blurry and unsharp pictures reach the light-perceiving shell. Due to this, a person can hardly see objects located far away, but he distinguishes those that are nearby very well.
According to statistics, about 30% of the world's population suffers from myopia. In this regard, the question of whether it is possible to cure myopia becomes more relevant. Myopia is most often diagnosed in children and adolescents. It can stay at the current level or progress. If the degree of myopia changes by 1 or more diopters annually, it is customary to speak of myopic disease. Pathology is dangerous because it leads to disability, because without treatment, a person sooner or later completely loses sight.
The disease has several degrees of development:
- Weak. It is characterized by a change in vision up to -3 diopters inclusive.
- Average. It is customary to talk about it when myopia is from -3 to -6 diopters inclusive.
- High. The degree of change is more than -6 diopters.
Myopia can be cured. The prognosis directly depends on the degree of severity of the pathology with which the person went to the doctor. Currently, there are operational techniques that allow you to restore vision even in advanced cases.
Reasons
Provoking factors that trigger the development of pathologicalprocess, set. The main causes of myopia include the following diseases and conditions:
- Hereditary predisposition. If both parents are he althy, then the probability of developing myopia in a child is no more than 8%. If the father and / or mother suffer from pathology, the risk increases to 50%. Many parents are worried about whether myopia in a child can be cured if the disease is hereditary. In this case, it is important to contact an ophthalmologist as soon as possible. The doctor will help correct vision, and in most cases this happens with the help of conservative methods.
- Deficiency of vital substances in the body. The lack of vitamins, minerals and trace elements leads to the fact that the development and proper formation of scleral tissues is disrupted. To prevent this from happening, you need to regularly eat foods rich in vitamins B, C, magnesium, copper, zinc and manganese.
- Eye strain. It arises against the background of their long and continuous work. The situation is aggravated by poor lighting, incorrectly placed lamps and chandeliers, non-observance of the minimum allowable distance from the eyes to a computer monitor, book, notebook, etc.
- Weak muscles. This condition is congenital. It is characterized by the fact that the muscles of the eye, which are responsible for changing the degree of curvature of the lens, weaken and cannot fully cope with their task.
- Associated diseases. Myopia often develops against the background of astigmatism and strabismus.
- Increased intraocular and/orintracranial pressure.
- Diseases of an infectious nature.
- Hormonal imbalance.
- Craniocerebral and birth injuries.
If you ignore the disease, it will gradually progress. At the same time, it is forbidden to try to correct vision in an independent way. Incorrectly selected lenses or glasses most often cause the progression of the disease. Only a doctor after a diagnosis can provide the patient with information on whether myopia can be cured without surgery.
Symptoms
Myopia develops asymptomatically for a long time. As a rule, the disease is detected during a routine examination. Most often, myopia is detected before the age of 15. This is due to the fact that during the school years, children are constantly faced with intense eye strain.
The following are considered warning signs:
- The child complains that he sees distant objects as fuzzy.
- He tries to get closer to the object he is looking at.
- When a child looks into the distance, he squints.
Twilight vision with myopia also worsens. In other words, people suffering from myopia are much less able to navigate in space at night.
In addition, in both adults and children, the following conditions are also symptoms of myopia:
- Constant feeling of fatigue in the eyes.
- Frequent and severe episodes of headache.
- Feeling aching in the eyes.
Also, in some cases, concomitant strabismus may develop.
The severity of symptoms directly depends on the degree of the disease. With weak myopia, a person notes the fact that distant objects are blurred only slightly. As the disease progresses, nearby objects are distinguishable, but only at a distance not exceeding 30 cm. If the objects are moved further away, their contours will become fuzzy. With a high degree of myopia, pronounced changes occur in the visual system. The vessels and retina become thinner so that the sclera becomes visible. At the same time, a person is able to see only fingers at a maximum distance of arm's length.
There is such a thing as "false myopia". This is a pathological condition caused by spasm of the accommodative muscle. The latter occurs against the background of prolonged stress on the eyes and, as a rule, in adolescents. How to cure myopia in this case, the doctor should also tell. If you do not contact an ophthalmologist when the first warning signs appear, the disease can turn into true myopia.
Diagnosis
The doctor may suspect myopia based on the patient's complaints. However, in all cases, to confirm the diagnosis, it is necessary to undergo a comprehensive examination, including:
- Checking visual acuity.
- Assessment of the condition of the fundus.
- Research of visual fields.
- Refractometry.
- Skiascopy.
- Computer keratotopography.
Based on the results of a comprehensive diagnosis, the doctor makesthe most effective treatment regimen. The specialist also tells the patient how to cure myopia without surgery. If this is not possible, the method of surgical intervention is determined.
Conservative therapies
It is impossible to delay the treatment of myopia. This is due to the fact that ignoring the problem leads to a decrease in visual acuity, the natural result of which can be complete blindness.
Many patients, having consulted a doctor, are interested in whether myopia can be cured. It is important to understand that the disease can be corrected, but only if there are no serious complications from intraocular structures.
The most affordable and easiest way to correct myopia is to wear glasses. With the help of these products, a person can look into the distance and clearly distinguish objects, while stopping the development of pathological processes that can lead to complications.
For correction, the doctor can also choose contact lenses for the patient. Their advantage over glasses is that they form a single refractive system with the cornea. This allows you to achieve better results in treatment.
The drug therapy regimen consists of the following items:
- Taking vitamins. Their intake in the body in sufficient quantities allows you to achieve good results. Patients with myopia are shown taking vitamin A, B1, B2, C, PP.
- Reception of "Calcium gluconate". The drug helps to strengthen blood vessels, preventingoccurrence of hemorrhages in the retina. In addition, the tool increases the degree of strength of the sclera.
- Trental Reception. Promotes improvement of microcirculation in intraocular structures. The drug is prescribed for a disease of a progressive nature and a high degree.
- Reception "Rutin". Designed to prevent hemorrhages in the retina. The active substance reduces the degree of vascular permeability.
Drops may be prescribed for the treatment of false myopia. They are shown in the case when the spasm of accommodation does not go away on its own. As a rule, doctors prescribe Tropicamide and Scopolamine drops. During treatment, it is not recommended to read, write and work at a computer. This is due to the fact that during therapy a person does not see well close objects for some time. The duration of the course of treatment is no more than 1 week.
Operative methods
If conservative methods are ineffective, surgical intervention is indicated. To date, there are several highly effective ways to get rid of myopia. Many patients are concerned about whether myopia can be cured with surgery. Currently, surgery is an option for people who suffer from myopia of any degree. In severe cases, vision may not be fully restored, but the person will see much better.
Regarding senile myopia. A similar concept is applied to persons in whom myopia was discovered after 40 years. Older patients also oftenask the doctor about whether myopia in the elderly can be cured. The answer is unequivocal - yes. But there are some nuances. During the operation, vision is restored to 92-95%. If the correction is 100%, there is a risk of complications, while myopia will also progress.
Currently, myopia can be cured in the following operational ways:
- Installation of a phakic lens.
- Laser correction.
- Replacing the lens.
- Standard operation.
Phakic lens is a device that is installed in the area of the posterior wall of the cornea, that is, directly into the eye. This technique allows you to achieve good correction and avoid a number of complications. The only drawback of the method is that with the progression of the pathology, the lens must be replaced.
Laser correction is the most modern and most effective way of treatment. This technique is recommended for most patients. Parents who are concerned about the question of how to cure myopia in adolescents and children should pay attention to laser treatment. The only caveat is that the operation is not performed if myopia exceeds 15 diopters.
The procedure only takes a few minutes. At the same time, in most patients, vision is restored to 100%. The procedure itself is strictly controlled by the doctor using computer equipment, and therefore the risk of making a mistake is minimized.
The patient can leave the medical facility approximately 2 hours after the operation. Duringfor the next 10 days, it is necessary to instill antibacterial drops in the eyes. In addition, during the recovery period, you need to sleep on your back. For the purpose of control, it is necessary to visit the doctor several times. After laser correction, it is forbidden to rub your eyes and wash them with dirty water, use decorative cosmetics and exercise, overstrain your eyes and stay in the sun.
Replacement of the lens is carried out for people with myopia, which does not exceed 20 diopters. The operation is carried out using an ultrasound machine. In the process, an artificial lens is installed in place of the lens.
If myopia progresses rapidly, standard surgery is indicated. During the operation, the doctor introduces a special plastic substance into the area behind the eyeball, which helps to strengthen the sclera. Regarding whether it is possible to cure myopia completely in this way. This technique stops the progression of myopia, but does not eliminate it. Doctors recommend laser correction after surgery.
Exercises for myopia
The complex is designed to prevent and stop the development of myopia. It is possible to cure myopia with exercises only if the disease is at an early stage. In other cases, the complex refers to auxiliary and preventive methods.
Most effective exercises:
- Close your eyelids tightly for a few seconds (3-4), then open your eyes as wide as possible. Number of repetitions - 4.
- Without raising your head, look up. Make circular movements with your eyeballs.
- Extend your arms in front of you. Focus your eyes on your fingertips. While inhaling, raise your hands up. Keep your eyes on your fingertips without lifting your head.
- Fix your gaze on an object that is located as far as possible. Look at it for 1-2 minutes.
All exercises should be done slowly. This complex is a godsend for those who are looking for information on how to cure myopia at home. But it is important to remember that myopia in the later stages is not amenable to such a correction method.
Folk methods
In order to improve visual acuity, it is recommended to consume half a tablespoon of lemongrass daily for 1 month. In addition, it is recommended to include blueberries in the diet. Of these, you can cook compote or use it in its pure form.
It is also recommended to eat a mixture of honey, dried apricots and walnuts daily, as well as drink freshly squeezed vegetable and fruit juices.
These are the most effective recipes that can be used to cure myopia at home. As with lemongrass, all remedies must be consumed within 1 month.
Forecast
The outcome of the disease directly depends on the timeliness of the visit to the doctor. At the initial stage of myopia, the prognosis is favorable. In 95% of cases, it is possible to completely cure myopia. Is it possible to restore vision in severe casestells the doctor in each specific situation. It is important to understand that ignoring the disease can lead to blindness.
In conclusion
Myopia is a pathological process in which a person has difficulty distinguishing distant objects. In order to avoid the development of negative consequences, it is necessary to consult an ophthalmologist at the first signs of myopia. The doctor will diagnose and make the most effective treatment regimen.
