Medical activities are activities on which human life and he alth depend. Accordingly, the organization, the specialists who conduct them, must meet a certain set of requirements. Have a license to do your work. In this vein, we will consider the types of medical activities that are subject to compulsory licensing, features (by law) of the process of obtaining a license.
What is medical practice?
At the beginning of the conversation, it would be nice to define the fundamental concept. This is how Russian legislation explains it: these are works and services that are included in the list attached to the Regulation on Licensing Medical Activities (approved by Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation No. 291, the latest version of the document was made in 2016).
Kmedical activities include the following assistance to the population:
- primary he alth;
- specialized, high-tech;
- ambulance, specialized ambulance;
- palliative;
- medical procedures at a spa facility;
- medical examinations;
- medical examinations;
- medical examinations;
- sanitary and epidemiological measures;
- transplantation of tissues and organs;
- donation.
Classifier
Types of medical activities are divided according to a common classifier:
- Sanitary and resort activities.
- Types of high-tech medical care.
- Specialized ambulance. Or an air ambulance.
- Varieties of specialized medical activities.
- Medical care for women both during pregnancy and during childbirth.
- Inpatient care.
- Medical Primary Care.
- Outpatient activities.
- Varieties of medical first aid.
List of medical activities subject to licensing
The list of types of medical activities subject to licensing was approved by order of the Ministry of He alth No. 142. This document is relevant in the current (2018) year. Entered into force on April 29, 1998.
According to this act, we will single out below the entire set of types of medical activities thatimpossible to carry out without a state license of the established form. For convenience, we will divide them into categories by subheadings.
Primary Care
What are the medical activities here? This is a set of pre-medical (in other words, primary) medical care to the patient. According to the specifics, it is divided into the following groups:
- Dentistry.
- Prothopedic field of dentistry.
- Medicine.
- Obstetrics.
- Laboratory diagnostics.
- Epidemiological procedures.
- Nursing.
- LFK (physiotherapy complex).
- Nursing is like pediatrics.
- Field of nutrition.
Ambulance
Here, the list of medical activities will consist of three items:
- Medical ambulance.
- Emergency patient care - resuscitation.
- Medical escort of a patient in an ambulance.
Varieties of diagnostics
The main types of medical activities in this category are divided into several subtypes.
Activities related to laboratory diagnostics:
- Toxicological, chemical research.
- Parasitological tests.
- Biological, molecular research.
- Microbiological tests.
- Research of cytological material.
- Genetic tests.
- Immunologicalresearch.
- Biochemical analyzes of the material.
- Hematology research.
- Histological (they are also clinical and morphological) analyzes.
- Non-invasive research technique - a set of general clinical tests.
A separate type of medical activity here is a set of radiation diagnostics activities:
- Magnetic resonance.
- Computer.
- Thermography (so-called thermal imaging).
- Radionuclide.
- Based on radio sound.
- All categories of radiology.
Separate types of diagnostics, completely independent from each other, will include the following:
- Patological.
- Endoscopy.
- Functional.
Outpatient, outpatient care
This type requires a license to practice medicine. The activities here include a variety of medical care for both adults and children, which is provided on the basis of a polyclinic (outpatient treatment), another he alth care institution, or at the patient's home.
The following types of medical activities should be distinguished in the category:
- Andrology.
- Obstetric care.
- Allergological interventions.
- Anesthesia.
- Resuscitation.
- Help related to genetics.
- Hematology.
- Gynecology.
- Geriatrics.
- Helpdermatovenerologist.
- Dietary activities.
- Helping people with diabetes.
- Immunology and separately immunoprophylaxis.
- Activity of an infectious disease doctor.
- Pasitology.
- Cardiology. Separately - the work of a pediatric cardiologist.
- Resuscitation of patients with cardiovascular diseases.
- Clinical transfusiology.
- Proctology.
- Cosmetology - both medical and surgical.
- Narcology (a license will be issued only to state and municipal medical institutions - according to the Federal Law "On Narcotic and Psychotropic Drugs").
- Events for physical therapy.
- Consultative and therapeutic neurosurgery.
- Neurology.
- Nephrology.
- Oncology. A separate license is for the operation of a children's oncology room.
- The work of otolaryngologists.
- Phoniatry.
- Audiology.
- Ophthalmology. Separate license - for contact vision correction activities.
- Family planning doctor's work related to the reproductive function of patients.
- Sexology.
- In vitro fertilization.
- Pathologies of professional activity.
- Pediatric work.
- Psychotherapy.
- Psychiatry.
- Radiology.
- Pulmonology.
- Rheumatology.
- Dentistry. Separate licenses by category - orthodontics (specifically for children and adults), orthopedics, therapeutic care (for children and adults).
- Surgery- for children and adults.
- Physiotherapy treatments.
- Urology.
- Phthisiology.
- Activity of an endocrinologist - separate licenses for an adult and pediatric specialist.
- Epidemiology.
- Endoscopy.
- Activities related to the type of "day hospital" (stay of the patient in a he althcare facility periodically, during the working day of the clinic for certain procedures, examinations, etc.)
General Practice
Here, too, a medical license is required. The activities here are general medicine, as well as family medicine.
Go to the next category.
Inpatient care
Another broad category. Refers to the stay of a patient in a clinic, hospital for a certain length of time.
Separate types of medical activities related to inpatient treatment:
- In vitro fertilization.
- Obstetric work.
- Andrology.
- The work of an allergist.
- Anesthesiology.
- Activities of the resuscitation team.
- barotherapy activities.
- Hematology.
- Gastroenterology.
- Genetics.
- Female gynecologist.
- Geriatrics.
- Dermatology, dermatovenereology.
- Diet work.
- Helping diabetic patients.
- Complex of immunological measures.
- The work of an infectious disease specialist.
- Cardiology. Separately - children's cardio-rheumatology.
- Pasitology.
- Clinical pharmacology.
- Coloproctology.
- Clinical type transfusiology.
- Combustiology.
- Lithotripsy.
- Cosmetology - both surgical and therapeutic (without surgery).
- Working with exercise therapy groups.
- Narcology (as in the case of polyclinics, in relation to hospitals, clinics, Russian law allows licenses to be issued only to municipal and state formations).
- Nephrology.
- Neurosurgical activities.
- Neonatology.
- Oncology (separate license to work as a pediatric oncologist).
- Audiology.
- Otolaryngology.
- Work of the pediatric sector.
- Ophthalmology.
- Prosthetics - only within the boundaries of its main activity.
- Working with pathologies of a professional nature (obtained at work, production).
- Psychotherapeutic work.
- Psychiatry.
- Radiology.
- Pulmonology.
- Cardiovascular surgery.
- Rheumatology.
- Dentistry. Separate license for orthodontic work, pediatric orthodontics, orthopedics, therapeutic care for adults and children.
- Maxillofacial surgery.
- Surgery. Separately licensed for children and adults.
- Endocrinology. The work of a pediatric endocrinologist is a separate license.
- Epidemiologicalwork.
- Endoscopy.
Pharmaceutical activity
Here we are talking about pharmacological departments based on preventive or medical institutions.
Thus, the licensed types of medical activities in the group are as follows:
- Purchase of small wholesale medicines.
- Storage of medicines in a warehouse.
- Medico-pharmaceutical control over the use of medicines from a hospital pharmacy in an assigned he althcare facility.
- Purchase, use, storage of narcotic drugs.
- Both the production of medicines within the hospital, and medical and pharmaceutical control over their use.
Traditional medicine
Licensing of medical activities directly concerns the work of specialists who use methods of folk (traditional) treatment in their practice. The following varieties of the latter are distinguished here:
- Homeopathy.
- Manual treatment procedures.
- All types of medical massage.
- Hirudotherapy.
- Reflexology.
- Traditional diagnostic methods - but only those allowed by Russian law.
- The set of traditional he alth systems. Also, a license can only be obtained for the type of activity that is not prohibited by the legislation of the Russian Federation.
Tissue and organ harvesting activities
It is possible to carry out work of such a plan if there isstate permission. Licensing of certain types of medical activities is carried out:
- Seizure, preparation and subsequent storage of materials - both tissues and whole organs.
- Procurement and storage of donor sperm.
- Organization of donation.
- Procurement, storage, processing of human blood, its individual elements. Production of preparations based on this donor material.
- Industrial transfusiology.
Expert activity
Order on the types of medical activities introduces mandatory licensing of the work of medical experts. These are specific practices:
- Conducting examinations for the professional suitability of a citizen.
- Examination on the relationship of pathology, illness with professional activity.
- Military medical expertise.
- Military flight.
- Drugs.
- To assess the quality of medical care provided.
- Psychiatric.
- Patological.
- Temporary disability.
- He alth conditions of a minor.
- Forensic.
- Forensic Psychiatric.
- Genetic.
- Disability conditions.
- Medico-forensic.
- Biochemical.
- Spectrological.
- Forensic chemical.
- Forensic.
- Forensic histology.
- Corpse forensics.
- Forensic whatis carried out in relation to the victims, the accused and other participants in the criminal process.
- To the cottage of the right to own weapons.
Sanatorium activities
Licensing of medical activities of sanatorium-and-spa institutions is also carried out. Permission is issued separately for the same categories that are allocated for clinics and hospitals.
Sanitary-hygienic, anti-epidemic work
Types of activities of medical organizations that belong to this group are also subject to compulsory licensing. The following categories of work are distinguished:
- Deratization.
- Disinfection.
- Disinsect.
- Sterilization.
- Measures for bacteriological, sanitary control.
Who does the licensing?
Let's take a closer look at the procedure for licensing medical activities in the Russian Federation.
The prerogative here belongs to the Federal Service for Surveillance in He althcare. It issues licenses for:
- Medical organizations subordinate to the structure of the federal government of the state.
- Establishments of the executive federal government, which provides for military service and equivalent to it under the law.
- Organizations whose activities are related to the provision of high-tech type of medical care.
- Other organizations and individual entrepreneurs who carry out medical activities on the territory of the Russian Federation.
Somefunctions are given to authorized structures of subjects of the federation. This is the following:
- Providing and reissuing license documents.
- Providing copies and duplicate licenses.
- Licensing control in relation to document applicants and real licensees who submitted an application for renewal.
- Termination of licenses.
- Maintaining registers, lists of already issued license documents.
- Approval of a single form of license.
- Provision of information, consultations on issues related to the licensing of medical activities.
- Placing the information necessary for license applicants in the media, on official government websites with contact information for communication.
Basic Licensing Requirements
To obtain a state license, an individual entrepreneur, an organization providing medical services, you need to meet a large set of requirements:
- Presence (on the right of ownership or other legal grounds) of a structure, premises, building that complies with the norms of Russian legislation, designed to perform the declared work.
- Availability (on the right of ownership or other legal basis) of devices, apparatus, equipment, tools, registered in a certain order, necessary for work.
- The presence of the head of the organization, individual entrepreneur higher, postgraduate or additional medical education, which meets the qualification requirements.
- Having a certain length of service.
- The employees with whom labor agreements have concluded the necessary specialization of medical education - higher or secondary.
- Compliance with the licensing requirements of the structure, staff description, the legal entity itself.
- The presence of an internal control system for the quality and safety of the services provided.
The variety of activities of a medical institution is quite extensive. In our country, it belongs to compulsory licensing.
