Household and physical rehabilitation for bronchial asthma consists of the main measures aimed at reducing the inflammatory process in the bronchi and reducing their reactivity. The rehabilitation process consists of several stages, which reduce the duration of periods of suffocation and their number. Correct behavior helps to restore the functions of the respiratory system and return the patient to a good condition.
Causes of disease development
Asthma is a chronic condition that is formed due to a predisposition to develop allergic reactions. Most often, the fundamental factors for this are the following:
- Immediate predisposition to allergies.
- Incompletely cured respiratory infections.
- Harmful fumes provided by the profession.
- Inflated dust levels in the air.
- Deadlyhabits - passive and active smoking.
- Significant outdoor loads.
- Use of drugs that impair the immune system and bronchial function.
Asthma symptoms
The main signs of the described disease are:
- frequent choking or shortness of breath;
- difficult breathing with prolonged exhalation;
- intense cough;
- noticeable wheezing when breathing.
At the moment of the attack, the patient sits down on a horizontal surface, grabbing it with his hands, and widely spreads his elbows to the sides. Thanks to this posture, the body activates the auxiliary capabilities of the respiratory organs, which helps to normalize the condition and reduce the duration of the attack. If you have these symptoms, you should definitely consult a doctor for help. After the necessary course of therapy, the patient is prescribed rehabilitation measures for bronchial asthma.
Recovery Requirements
In order for this process to give good results, it is necessary to follow the basic principles of rehabilitation. These include:
- Gradual, continuity and succession of the process.
- Comprehensive approach to treatment.
- The fastest possible start of the recovery process.
- Indispensable individual approach to each patient, taking into account his professional characteristics and social status.
Main stages of rehabilitation
To achieve a positive effect, an integrated approach is required usingdrainage massage, physical therapy exercises, breathing exercises and reflexology. In addition, conservative drug therapy is also necessary. It is most often used in very neglected situations.
There are 4 stages of asthma rehabilitation:
- Drainage massage is required during this period. It is necessary to rid the respiratory system of accumulated sputum. For these purposes, an additional reflex effect is made on the lungs of patients to form an enhanced cough reflex. Thanks to this technique, it is possible to quickly remove all the excess accumulated in the respiratory tract.
- The next step is started after it becomes clear to doctors that all sputum has been eliminated. Patients perform a series of special breathing exercises that remove nitrogen from the tissues, as well as static exercises that help develop proper breathing.
- The third stage includes the introduction to a complex of more serious exercises, focused on a targeted load for the whole body, contributing to the formation of muscle stress. Thanks to such exercises, it is possible to improve the working capacity of patients, as well as restore the condition before moving on to the fourth stage of rehabilitation for bronchial asthma.
- The last stage includes the use of reflexology methods that improve the physical qualities of a person, helping to adequately adapt to environmental conditions. Additionallyexercises that promote endurance development are assigned.
With the correct and consistent implementation of all stages of recovery, it is possible to guarantee the patient a good state of he alth.
Medical rehabilitation for bronchial asthma
Drug recovery mainly includes the use of mucolytic drugs, bronchodilators, as well as hyposensitizing and anti-inflammatory drugs. Mucolytics are used to clear the bronchioles and bronchi from thick and sometimes vitreous mucus:
- acetylcysteine ("ACC");
- ambroxol ("Ascoril", "Lazolvan", "Bromhexine");
- carbocysteine (Flyuditek, Mukodin).
Broncholytics help to expand the lumen of the bronchi and relieve bronchospasm. During the period of remission, it is recommended to use anticholinergic, as well as combined drugs (Teopek, Salmeterol, Berodual). The doctor selects the need for use and dosage individually.
During the rehabilitation period of patients with bronchial asthma, maintenance doses of antihistamines and anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed. Since these two properties are present in glucocorticosteroids, they are often chosen by specialists. The use of drugs such as Flunisolide, Pulmicord and Budesonide is common.
When the patient is allergic to nonsteroidal drugs and salicylates, the use of hormones becomes the only option. Honey. rehabilitation for bronchial asthma is not the last place, sinceThanks to this therapy, you can quickly and efficiently return the patient to normal life. When drugs with combined action are used, the mucolytic and hyposensitizing effects are acquired simultaneously.
Therapeutic diet
The fundamental factor in rehabilitation is a diet that is made up of hypoallergenic products. It's no secret that some foods can provoke hypersensitivity of varying intensity. Since asthma is more allergic in nature, the patient needs to eliminate ingredients that can cause unwanted effects from the diet.
During rehabilitation for bronchial asthma, the patient is required to refuse:
- chicken eggs;
- seafood and fish;
- soy;
- wheat;
- milk;
- citrus;
- honey;
- peanut;
- food containing dyes.
Asthmatics should be careful enough to drink alcohol, especially wine and beer, as well as smoked, pickled foods and dried fruits.
A hypoallergenic diet for the rehabilitation of patients with bronchial asthma should include varieties of low-fat red meat, turkey, chicken, cereal dishes, dairy products, berries and fruits. The daily volume of white bread for an adult is 300 g, and for babies this dose should be halved. Sweets and sugar should be consumed as little as possible.
Following such a diet is the key tosuccessful recovery. If asthmatics do not adhere to strict dietary restrictions, then other methods of struggle will not help to defeat the disease.
Elimination of contact with various allergens
Since one of the causes of the disease is an allergy, an important task of rehabilitation for bronchial asthma is to reduce contact with a problematic substance. Allergy provocateurs are often bird feathers, animal hair, house dust, plant pollen, fungus, household chemicals and other factors. To stabilize the condition during the period of asthma, the patient must be removed from contact with allergens.
In the event that a child or adult cannot tolerate house dust, all soft toys and carpets must be removed from the home. In the house where asthmatics live, you should constantly vacuum, ventilate the rooms and carry out wet cleaning. All fur products must be stored in covers, and feather pillows should be replaced with synthetic ones. If you are allergic to pets, you will need to say goodbye to the latter. If the frequency of attacks increases from the flowering of plants, then at this time it is better to move to where they do not grow.
Rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma and adults provides for the exclusion of household chemicals in aerosols and perfumes from the use, since inhalation of volatile substances can provoke another bronchospasm. When the disease provokes professional activity, you will have to change jobs.
If the asthmatic is still unable to move away from contact with allergens, then during the period of exacerbation it is requireduse the preparation course prescribed by the doctor individually. However, you should not resort to this often, as drugs can contribute to the development of side effects.
Breathing exercises and exercise therapy
The importance of exercise therapy for asthmatics is incredibly important. Such loads have a strengthening effect on the patient's body, develop strength, endurance and help to remove sputum from the bronchi. If you follow the rehabilitation plan for bronchial asthma, then at this stage you need to go into a period of remission, when 3-4 weeks have passed since the end of the last attack. Starting loads without the permission of the doctor is strictly prohibited. All norms are set individually, taking into account the patient's condition.
Exercise for illness directed:
- to restore the body's metabolic processes;
- strengthening chest muscles;
- improvement of lymph flow and blood circulation;
- improvement of immune forces;
- normalization of the nervous system.
In the process of their implementation, the patient needs to carefully monitor his breathing and not hold it, as this can provoke a new attack of suffocation. After completing the class, be sure to take a cold shower.
Rehabilitation of patients with bronchial asthma should include breathing exercises, which is done to cleanse the paths of exudate and strengthen the diaphragm. With regular performance of such exercises, the walls of blood vessels are strengthened and the likelihood ofpenetration of allergens.
The most common breathing exercise is balloon inflation. It can be performed by both children and adults. It forms the patient's high-quality diaphragmatic breathing and increases lung capacity. A similar effect can be obtained when breathing in the stomach. To do this, the patient takes a comfortable vertical position and inflates the stomach with each breath. It is beneficial to breathe alternately through the left and right nostrils.
Swimming
People with asthma should be careful when visiting the pool, as the water in them is chlorinated. This can cause a serious allergic reaction. In the process of swimming, it is required to give preference to such styles as breaststroke, butterfly or crawl. Such options actively strengthen the muscles of the chest. If you periodically hold your breath while swimming, you can train your lungs well.
Swimming in sea water is very beneficial. Therefore, the mentioned patients are highly recommended to move to a permanent place of residence in seaside cities. If this is not possible, then it is recommended to go on vacation to the southern regions as often as possible.
Rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma
Timely and properly performed rehabilitation most often leads to a full recovery. In order to free their child from a serious illness, parents need to involve him in physical education, active outdoor games and sports from an early age. Swimming has a general strengthening effect on the children's body, so parents need topay special attention to this. Every year it is recommended to take the baby to the sea for 3-4 weeks.
When taking various measures for asthma rehabilitation, moms and dads need to know that babies are more susceptible to viral ailments that contribute to the development of bronchospasm.
In order not to provoke the appearance of unnecessary asthma symptoms, the baby must be protected from contact with sick family members and friends. The fewer times a child gets sick, the more likely it is to defeat the disease forever in the future. During the recovery period, you must strictly follow the recommendations of your doctor. It is important to remember that following a diet, avoiding contact with allergens, massage and gymnastics cannot replace the medical rehabilitation of children with bronchial asthma. Therefore, for proper therapy, it is required to use drugs that are prescribed by the attending physician. Only with an integrated approach can one achieve a positive result and be sure of a further recovery.
Order of rehabilitation measures
Starting recovery, it is important to determine how to correctly and in what sequence to perform all of the above activities. Typically, the order is:
- Maintain a safe environment and get rid of allergens in the community.
- For 3 weeks, smoothly switch to a new diet, balance the menu and completely eliminate prohibited foods.
- After getting used to the changed menu, you need to enter physiotherapy exercises. The main thing is to do everything regularlyexercise (it will take about two weeks to get used to).
- At times of stress, you need to closely monitor your breathing and gradually pay more and more attention to it. As a result, breathing exercises are introduced.
- After the condition improves, you can start physical therapy. The terms and order of the procedures are determined only by the doctor. He can offer other methods of rehabilitation of bronchial asthma, as well as choose an individual program for his patient.
When a disease appears, the recovery process is important. The patient should at the same time try to reduce dependence on his illness. All measures to improve he alth are carried out in many clinics of the country and are improved and added every year. The main advantage of rehabilitation methods is their safety, accessibility and simplicity.
Prevention
By taking preventive measures, you can prevent the onset of the disease, and if it already occurs, then significantly reduce its symptoms. To prevent an aggravation of the disease, you need:
- Eliminate contact with allergens.
- During flowering periods, leave for other regions.
- If work is causing asthma symptoms, change it.
- Carefully use all pharmacological preparations and initially be interested in the instructions.
- Try to strengthen the body and exercise.
- Take pharmacological drugs on time when they are prescribed.
- Frequently be in the freshair, and if necessary, then change your place of residence.
- Maintain optimal indoor temperature.
- Treat pathological and infectious diseases to prevent adverse effects.
- Try not to drink alcohol.
- Periodically visit the doctor for a checkup.
