Ovarian fibroma is a connective tissue tumor. In this case, the disease does not show hormonal activity. The tumor is benign. Experts diagnose this disease in 10% of all calls associated with such neoplasms. Fibroma occurs, as a rule, in women over the age of 40 years. However, the disease can also develop in younger individuals.
Looks like
Fibroma of the ovary has an oval or round shape. The surface of such a neoplasm is usually smooth or nodular. The size of the fibroma can reach more than 10 centimeters. The neoplasm, which has an all-cavity, acquires a dense elastic consistency. The tissue swelling makes it softer. If calcium deposits are present, the tumor becomes solid.
It is worth noting that in some cases a fibroma may have a stalk. Because of this, the neoplasm becomes mobile. Such a fibroma grows much more slowly. However, some dystrophic changes can only accelerate its growth.
Why does ovarian fibroma occur
The reasons for the occurrence of suchneoplasms have not yet been precisely identified. Experts believe that the tumor is formed and gradually grows from the stroma of the organ. In certain cases, the neoplasm arises from fibrous tissue. The risk group includes those women who have an unfavorable premorbid background. Often, the representatives of the weaker sex begin to develop pathologies of the endocrine system, a chronic inflammatory process in the ovary and appendage, and there is also a decrease in immunity.
Varieties of tumors
Fibroma of the ovary can be of two types, if classified by structure. The first form is a limited tumor, which has a capsule with clear outlines that separates the fibroma from the tissue. Such neoplasms are usually oval. The second form is diffuse, since it completely affects the ovarian tissue. The capsule in this case may be absent. This type of neoplasm is diagnosed more often. However, the histology of both forms of fibroma is almost the same. They are formed from substances of a fibrous type, as well as cellular elements. However, the quantitative ratio is completely different.
It should be noted that ovarian fibroma, the treatment of which will be described below, may contain cysts. Tumors are usually edematous. With tissue dystrophy, the growth of neoplasms is significantly accelerated. This disease often causes more serious complications. This can be twisting of the leg, hemorrhage, tissue necrosis, degeneration into a malignant tumor, suppuration of the neoplasm, and so on. Fibromaovary is very often accompanied by uterine fibroids and ovarian cysts. These diseases have a similar etiological development.
Does ovarian fibroma affect reproductive he alth? Pregnancy may occur. If the tumor is small, then it is not capable of causing disturbances in the functioning of the organs. A woman in such a situation has a chance to conceive a child and endure it.
Ovarian fibroma: symptoms
If the tumor has a small size, for example, no more than 30 millimeters, then the organs continue to perform their functions properly. The main symptoms of the disease may not appear for a long time. If the fibroma begins to increase in size, then signs of Mays syndrome appear: ascites, anemia, pleurisy, and so on. Often a woman has bloating and discomfort. In this case, tachycardia, shortness of breath and general weakness may occur. A woman with ovarian fibroma gets tired much faster. Ascites is the main sign of an ovarian cyst, which is often formed when a transudate is released directly into the abdominal cavity.
Signs of ovarian fibroma can be completely different. Often with this disease, cachexia and polyserositis are noted. These signs indicate the presence of neoplasms that are malignant in nature. It is worth noting that the symptoms, as well as the severity of the disease, depend for the most part on the degree of compression of adjacent organs by the fluid. With necrosis and hemorrhages in the neoplasm, more pronounced signs of irritation occur.peritoneum. Ovarian fibroma does not cause menstrual irregularities.
Who should I contact?
At the first symptoms of the disease, a woman should undergo a thorough examination. First of all, you should visit a gynecologist. The doctor in such cases conducts a two-handed examination. In this case, the specialist can determine not only the location of the neoplasm, but also establish its surface structure, stony consistency, density, soreness and mobility.
Basic diagnostic methods
After a thorough examination, the woman must undergo an additional laboratory test. With ovarian fibroma, it is necessary to pass not only a general blood test, but also an analysis for tumor markers. The diagnosis is confirmed only after an ultrasound examination, which allows you to determine the main parameters of the fibroma.
In some cases, a pleural puncture is required. After that, the cytological material is carefully studied in the laboratory. At the end of the diagnosis, specialists should examine the removed tissues.
Fibroma Therapy
How is ovarian fibroma treated? With such a disease, conservative therapy does not give results, since such neoplasms are not subject to resorption. In this case, surgery is recommended, in which the ovarian fibroma is removed. The operation is carried out only after a thorough examination. In this case, the doctor takes into account the presence of any pathologies, the condition of the uterus and the second ovary, the age of the patient, as well as the sizeneoplasms.
In addition, the specialist must determine the completeness of the surgical intervention and the type of access. If the ovarian fibroma is of small size, then it is removed by the most gentle method - laparoscopy. In such a situation, the tumor is exfoliated. The functions of the organs are fully preserved.
If the tumor is large
Elimination of a large neoplasm is carried out with the removal of the ovary. In such situations, the organ is compressed, stretched and gradually transformed into a cyst capsule. The follicles may undergo complete atrophy. For women who are postmenopausal, with a large fibroma, not only the ovary is removed, but also the appendages. If both organs are affected, then leave a part of what is less affected by the disease.
Disease prevention
Ovarian fibroma is a serious disease that can occur without any signs for a long time. There are no preventive measures in this case. It is simply impossible to prevent the development of the disease. As for the postoperative prognosis, it is always favorable. The degeneration of ovarian fibroma into a malignant neoplasm occurs in only 1% of all women undergoing surgery. The rehabilitation process after the operation is easy, and the patients recover quickly. During this period, the doctor may prescribe a course of antibiotics.
Bcompletion
Now you know what ovarian fibrosis is, how it manifests itself and what consequences it leads to. Therapy of this disease is carried out only through surgical intervention. Means of alternative medicine in such a situation are simply useless. Since there are no preventive measures for the disease, a woman should undergo an annual thorough examination by a gynecologist, as well as an ultrasound scan. This is the only way to diagnose ovarian fibroma and prevent its further development.
