Red rashes on the body are unpleasant both from a medical and aesthetic point of view. Such marks on the body are a sign of various diseases, ranging from the usual and relatively harmless diathesis or a banal burn to thorough autoimmune pathologies or lesions of internal organs.
Reasons
"Red rashes" are a general concept, since it can be attributed to a few points, and rashes covering the entire body. Formations differ in symptoms - they can burn, itch, flake or react to chemical or physical stimuli, and also not manifest themselves in any way. Red spots and rashes on the body may appear due to the following factors.
- Burns. Chemical or thermal influences are very common redness factors. This problem occurs due to the sun, contact with a hot surface, and the use of harsh chemicals.
- Parasite. This category includes both internal and external organisms. The latter most often include mosquitoes, domestic fleas and bedbugs. Due to their influence, red rashes on the body appear at the bite sites. Internal parasites disrupt the bowel, thereby causing a rash.
- Viruses. Rashes can cause various diseases provoked by non-cellular infectious agents - measles, chickenpox, shingles or herpes, meningitis, rubella.
- Allergies. Red rashes on the body of an adult or baby appear during external interaction with an irritant or its internal use.
- Fungal infections.
- Bacteria. Microorganisms are a common cause of redness. Often, streptococci cause local inflammation, having made their way into the middle layer of the dermis at the time of bathing or during other contact with the place of residence of the pathogen. It should be noted that rashes on the body and red spots can cause any cocci.
- Autoimmune diseases. The most common problem of this type is lupus. It is characterized by red, butterfly-shaped eruptions. Similar symptoms are also attributed to other autoimmune diseases, namely pemphigus, scleroderma or psoriasis.
- Stress is a potential trigger for skin lesions or allergic reactions, accompanied by the formation of red patches.
- Mechanical damage. A person does not always notice violations of the stratum corneum of the skin. But redness may appear at the site of such an injury.
Types of rashes
Distinguish twomain body rash subtype:
- primary - occurs on he althy, un altered skin;
- secondary - is a consequence of primary changes.
The former are considered much more dangerous and more important. The main types of rashes and red dots on the body can be divided into the following types.
- A spot is a reddened part of the body that does not have bumps or protrusions. Formed due to the appearance of excess blood. When you press on a similar area, the redness subsides, and after a few seconds it appears.
- Blisters are rough red rashes on the body that resemble a bump, that is, they rise above the level of the skin. Most often it is formed at the time of an allergy or from an insect bite. Does not stay on the body for a long time and disappears after a few hours.
- Vesicle (vesicle). The element also rises above the skin, but looks like a rounded bubble and is completely filled with blood or clear fluid.
- Bulla (bubble). This neoplasm rises above the skin and is filled with a yellowish or clear liquid. It can have various sizes - from very tiny to the size of the palm of your hand. Formed due to burns.
- Ulcers and erosions. The former are body defects that occur under the influence of external factors. Erosion is the same flaws, but in this version, the basement membrane is unaffected, considered a secondary element.
- Pustules (pustules) are red rashes on the body of an infectious and inflammatory nature, they have a certain cavity in which pus is located.
- Purple. Thisthe problem can be called a pathology. Some areas of the body turn bloody as red blood cells are shed excessively from the capillaries.
- Erythema - redness on the skin, which is accompanied by a long and pronounced severity. Quite often, it is a normal reaction of the body to stress, anger and anger. If the redness does not go away for a long time, then we can talk about the presence of pathology.
- A knot is a large formation that forms under the skin, thereby giving rise to a bulge. They are not accompanied by itching and are painless.
- Papules - the same nodes, only much smaller. Formed under the skin, shaped like a circle. If you press it, the bloody tint will disappear.
- Macula - red rashes on the body in an adult and a child, appearing as a result of damage to the area on the surface of the skin. Shown in brown, red and yellowish hues. There is a manifestation of bruising for no apparent reason.
- Crust. A similar secondary element appears when the drying of blisters, pustules and other things is formed. They are purulent or serous.
- Hemorrhage. It can be called pathological hemorrhage. It is expressed in different ways, it is formed on a certain area of the skin due to external influences or various pathologies of the body.
- Roseola is a patch of pink hue, which indicates that its carrier has a viral infection.
Possible skin diseases
Red rashes on the body, photos of which can be seen below, are often provoked by variousskin ailments. Often this occurs due to an allergic reaction. As well as hormonal changes and genetic factors play a significant role. Below are the most common diseases with the main symptoms.
- Acne. Acne is a common skin disease. Filling with purulent secretions of pores and red nodules is considered typical. It most often appears on the face, but can form on the arms, back, chest, and shoulders.
- Psoriasis. In this case, the cover becomes inflamed and reddens, then covered with white scales. Often this rash is accompanied by itching.
- Eczema is a red rash on the body of an adult that itches as the skin becomes dry and scaly. Such spots appear intermittently or form in a chronic form.
- Urticaria - often manifests itself in the form of very itchy scars on the skin. Spreads quickly over large areas. Red spots can have a significant range of triggers. These include some medicinal products, as well as cold, pressure, and heat.
- Pityriasis pink - similar rashes on the body in the form of red spots usually develop quickly on the skin and mucous membranes, sometimes accompanied by itching. They often form on the ankles, wrists and lower legs, as well as on the shoulders and neck.
- Scabies. This disease is caused by scabies mites. They gnaw holes in the skin and cause red inflammation and severely itchy limited rashes. Itching worse at night.
- Rosacea. Similar malaisecharacterized by red spots and dilated veins on the skin of the face. Redness on the cheeks, nose and forehead may develop over time surrounded by pimples and pustules.
- Skin fungus. It looks like slightly reddened, itchy skin. Depending on the type of pathogenic organism, they can occur in various areas of the body, most often located in the folds of the skin.
Possible allergic causes
Rash on the body in the form of red spots is not always caused by a disease, very often an allergic reaction can occur. Allergens enter the body through mucous membranes or skin. Often, this condition is accompanied by cough, runny nose, itching and rash. Often the body reacts inappropriately to substances such as pollen, certain foods and cosmetics. Red small rashes on the body also appear when exposed to drugs or chemicals.
Infectious diseases
Various red rashes on the body of an adult, the photos of which can be seen below, are associated not only with skin ailments, but also with infectious problems. These ailments include:
- syphilis;
- shingles;
- hepatitis;
- glandular fever;
- dengue fever;
- Lyme disease.
Red rashes do not always form with these ailments, they most often appear at certain stages of the disease.
Red rashes on the body of a child and a baby
Forchildren and infants, the presence of such a rash may indicate one of the typical childhood diseases.
- Three-day fever most often occurs in children between one and three years of age. Initially, a high temperature appears, and then a pale red rash appears. Small spots form most often in the neck and torso, but can also expand to the face.
- Chickenpox. This disease most often affects children who go to kindergarten. Intense heat is accompanied by the spread of red spots with bubbles throughout the body. All these rashes are very itchy, and if you let the baby scratch them, then after healing, pockmarks will remain on the skin.
- Measles initially presents with flu-like symptoms such as cough, fever and runny nose. At the next stage of the disease, red spots appear, which after a certain time merge together into a single spot. Unlike chickenpox, measles rashes do not itch. Such red rashes in a baby on the body are very dangerous, so the child must be hospitalized without fail, since this ailment can lead to death.
- Rubella. The disease begins with an increase in lymph nodes and a slight increase in body temperature. Further, the rash forms behind the ears and from there spreads throughout the body and face.
- Scarlet fever is manifested by severe fever, as well as inflammation in the throat with difficulty swallowing. In addition to this, a severe red rash is visible, and the tongue becomes a bright crimson color.
Distinguishing Features
There are a lot of reasons for rashes and red spots on the body of an adult, but each of them has its own distinctive features that help determine the diagnosis. A person can most often independently differentiate them, for this he must pay attention to the parameters of the spots, as well as to the general well-being of the victim.
- Mosquito bites are the easiest to recognize. Mass attacks of such insects are seasonal. Almost immediately after contact with such a parasite, on the area of the skin on which the blood was taken, the cover begins to itch strongly, and a characteristic swelling appears on it.
- House flea bites are also very painful, but some victims may not feel them in their sleep. Like mosquito bites, such bites are characterized by the presence of convex spots. They do not last very long after being bitten. Further, the affected area becomes a red round dot. Fleas can sometimes create bizarre patterns by following the lines of clothing, such as the hem of a sock.
- At the moment of infection of the body with giardia, tapeworms and roundworms, a rather wide range of skin lesions begins to form: from ordinary urticaria to purulent ulcers. The causes of rashes are intoxication of the body. When infected with tapeworms, scaly patches form. Other parasites cause different types of rashes that are very easy to confuse with allergies, psoriasis or furunculosis.
- Thermal, chemical and mechanical injuries are very easy to diagnosethe reason for the formation of red spots. Their distinguishing feature is locality, since they occur only at the point of contact with the stimulus. Touching hot, rubbing against a rough surface, or slight contact with chemicals may not initially provoke significant pain and visible manifestations. Light mechanical injuries of the epidermis are bloodless, but in the process of their healing, a spot begins to form, which disappears after a certain time, leaving a barely noticeable scar.
- Itching and red rashes on the body form diaper rash - these are inflammations that appear due to the friction of skin folds against each other. They can appear in both adults and children due to poor hygiene, diseases such as diabetes and overweight. With a standard physique, diaper rash can develop under the armpits in case of prolonged contact with sweat. They can be easily differentiated by their irregular shape and impact zone. Inflammations that are in a mild stage, almost do not itch and do not hurt. When the pathological process spreads, the affected area cracks and an unpleasant odor forms, wounds with crusts from which fluid oozes.
- A hallmark of an allergy is prior contact with an irritant - pollen, dust, drugs, food and other factors. Such red rashes on the body itch and create discomfort. Due to stress, an allergic reaction can occur to components that were previously safe for humans. This condition is easy to recognize, because after takingantihistamines, all symptoms disappear very quickly.
- It should be noted that autoimmune, fungal, viral and bacterial manifestations are difficult to identify without the help of professionals. Round rashes caused by lichen can be easily confused with other diseases, and redness in the form of a butterfly on the face is characteristic of lupus, although it can also form during allergies. In this case, a diagnosis can be made only after passing additional tests. Small and large rashes of various shapes can appear for completely different reasons. For example, after a bath. Prolonged stay at high temperatures activates the skin capillary network, thereby forming a rush of blood to the affected areas. At the moment the body is in a cooler environment, the robot of all systems is restored.
Where to go for help
Of course, you can try to determine the cause of the rash yourself, but there are cases in which it is very easy to make a mistake. Therefore, it is best to seek advice from a dermatologist or a general practitioner (family doctor, pediatrician or general practitioner).
When there are sufficient suggestions that this is an allergic reaction, then it is required to see an allergist-immunologist. Using antihistamines on your own, you can achieve the disappearance of skin rashes, but in this case you need to understand that the true cause of the allergy will remain unidentified, since complex treatment will not be performed. Therefore, in the future we can expect more seriousallergic reactions.
Diagnosis
Only after a comprehensive examination of the patient and finding out the cause of the disease can we talk about the appointment of therapy. All diagnostic measures begin with an appointment with a specialist who will conduct an external examination and identify the features of the disease. Then, thanks to the analyzes performed, the causative agent of the disease, which provoked the formation of red dots, will be identified.
Treatment methods
Depending on the factor provoking the appearance of rashes, a certain treatment is prescribed.
- For allergies, antihistamines are primarily prescribed and limit interaction with the allergen. If the irritant gets back on the skin, the problem will reappear. With itching, "Suprastin" perfectly helps. And from serious manifestations, you must definitely consult a doctor. In the case of allergic eczema, various hormonal ointments help. They are great for blisters, redness, rashes and itching.
- In the case of infectious lesions, the use of combination therapy helps. At the same time, chemicals and antibiotics are prescribed. Antitoxic serum and immunoglobulins are an integral part of therapy. With their help, the body will more easily defeat toxins. In addition to these methods, you need to follow proper nutrition and diet, saturate the body with vitamins and use anti-inflammatory drugs.
In case of diseases of blood vessels and blood, the following instructions must be followed:
- immediatelysee a doctor;
- treat any bleeding in a timely manner;
- eat right and take vitamins;
- do not come into contact with chemicals;
- minimize stress.
Non-communicable disease therapy requires:
- keep diet as it is a fundamental factor in treatment;
- use medications that reduce complications;
- undergo procedures in the hospital to help reduce the risk of complications;
- get rid of addictions, namely alcohol, cigarettes and drugs, as they increase the risk of developing the disease, and in the case of an existing illness, they only worsen the condition.
Prevention
- Observe all hygiene rules, change clothes on time after a hard day's work.
- Drink plenty of water and fluids to keep skin hydrated.
- For babies wearing diapers, be sure to apply a small amount of powder or special cream before putting them on. You should also change diapers as often as possible.
- If you are going on a trip where contact with insects is inevitable, you need to apply special protection or wear clothes that cover the body well.
