An ulcer is a complex disease that may not manifest itself for quite a long time. Exacerbation of peptic ulcer occurs after deep streaks of the walls of the mucous membrane. The symptoms and treatment of a duodenal ulcer will be determined by a doctor who will make a complete examination of the patient.
Reasons
One of the main causes of pathology is a bacterium called Helicobacter pylori. Because of it, the mucous membrane of the organs is damaged. However, this microbe can be found in many people, but not everyone will be susceptible to this disease. The appearance of an ulcer is provoked by the following factors:
- Stressful situations or depression. Because of this, there is a malfunction of the nervous system, where the tone of the vagus nerve predominates. This provokes the appearance of a spasm of the muscles and blood vessels of the stomach. As a result, he is deprived of good nutrition, as a result of which he is vulnerable to the action of hydrochloric acid: digestion with caustic gastric juice occurs in the walls.
- Heredity.
- Bad food.
- Hydrochloric acid craze occurs.
- Overdrinkingalcohol. It increases the negative impact of gastric juice and reduces the protective properties of the mucous membrane.
- Due to nicotine, there is an increase in the synthesis of hydrochloric acid, which interferes with the normal digestion of food and provokes a failure in the production of protective factors of the gastric mucosa and pancreas.
Symptoms
Symptoms of a duodenal ulcer are as follows:
- Severe pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the lower back and under the ribs.
- Pain within 10 minutes of eating food or "hunger pain" on an empty stomach.
- Indigestion.
- Bloating.
- Intestinal colic.
- Permanent feeling of hunger.
- Weight loss.
- Neurological disorders associated with poor sleep resulting from excruciating cutting blunt seizures.
- Metabolic disorders: red, scaly neoplasms, seborrhea, may appear on the body and scalp.
- Peritonitis - intoxication of the body due to the ingress of particles of feces, bile, secreted substrates of the endocrine glands into the lymph. Peritonitis is an emergency signal to call an ambulance. Its beginning is evidenced by: a sharp deterioration in well-being, acute unbearable pain, nausea, dizziness, a burning sensation in the area of the gap.
If a duodenal ulcer diet is followed, symptoms may improve, but the disease requires medical treatment.
Views
Peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum is classified according to the method of formation, location and course of the inflammatory-destructive process.
By the way of education:
- secretory;
- traumatic;
- exchange;
- therapeutic - appears as a complication.
Location location:
- Loss of the bulb of this organ.
- Somatic inflammation (an ulcer occurs on the body of an organ).
- The defeat of the postbulbar stomach. This is an intermediate site between the stomach and intestines.
- Combined destruction.
Features of the flow:
- spicy;
- subacute;
- with the formation of a narrowing of the lumen of the intestinal walls;
- with a rupture of the ulcerative membrane.
Functional features of the course of the disease:
- Increased or decreased acidity.
- Increased or decreased motor skills.
- Inclusion of additional diseases. For example, intestinal obstruction or hemorrhoids.
Each of these states has its own nature of occurrence. Specific markers of peptic ulcer are multiple changes in the organs of the digestive system, a complete restructuring of metabolic processes, "hungry pains".
Diagnosis
To diagnose a pathological condition at the first stage of the examination, you can use the collection of anamnestic data and palpation of the lower abdomen. In the event that the physicianthe gastroenterologist was able to establish the possible presence of an ulcer, additional studies are prescribed - laboratory and hardware.
- Determination of antibodies to Helicobacter Pylori in the patient's arterial blood.
- PH-metry (part of gastric juice) - studied for acid composition, reactive emissions and influences.
- X-ray examination of the duodenum.
- Endoscopic examination - transillumination of the walls of the stomach and duodenum.
- Microscopic examination, carried out with a particle of affected matter. At its core, this is an intestinal biopsy, only less traumatic.
X-ray examination of the duodenum, may show the following changes:
- Formation of a niche, emptiness - in which pathogenic flora accumulates, the remains of poorly digested food, and so on.
- Change in the mucous membranes - manifested by the retraction of part of the intestine in the opposite direction from ulcerative formations.
- Ulcer shaft - clearly outlines the area of inflammation.
- Ulcers and scarring of the wall on the x-ray looks like cobwebs or stars.
Surgical treatment
Surgical treatment of duodenal ulcer is an extreme form of influence that can solve only the first external problems, but does not completely eliminate the cause and consequences. In other words, any operation without further medical treatment and dietary therapy is simply useless.
When ulcerativediseases of the stomach and duodenum, the patient is subjected to the following operational effects:
- Vagotomy. Complex and delicately performed transfer of nerve endings, blood supplying veins and secretory fluids to combat closures, adhesions, neoplasms and other causes of impaired outflow of bile, gastric juice, feces.
- Resection - removal of the affected area and implantation of a new, artificial object to restore the functioning of the organ, stabilize its peristalsis, blood supply, excretory function. Resection is indicated for a few patients, most often only vagotomy is sufficient.
It is worth noting that an operation for an ulcer is prescribed only in case of peritonitis. This is associated with the risk of multiple complications: sepsis, metabolic disorders, adhesion formation, bleeding, and so on.
Treatment
In case of exacerbation of the disease, treatment of duodenal ulcers is carried out in a hospital. For rapid scarring of the ulcer, the patient needs bed rest and complete emotional rest. After a complete examination, a treatment plan is prescribed. In many ways, the strategy depends on the presence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria in the intestine. The main drugs used in therapy are antisecretory drugs aimed at suppressing gastric secretion:
- "Omeprazole".
- "Cimetidine".
If the patient has Helicobacter pylori, depressants are additionally usedbacteria such as:
- "Denol".
- "Vikalin".
Gastroprotectors are also part of complex therapy, designed to protect the affected areas of the intestine from hydrochloric acid.
Physiotherapy
Physiotherapy, significantly increases the effectiveness of drug treatment. The therapy includes sinusoidal modulated currents, the procedure improves blood circulation and reduces inflammation.
- Heat, semi-alcohol compresses.
- Electrophoresis, ultrasound and microwave therapy.
Physical Education
Many are interested in the question, is it possible to do physical education with a duodenal ulcer? Specially designed exercises will help normalize the motor and secretory functions of the intestine, improve blood circulation. Used to prevent congestive ulcers. Physiotherapy exercises are prescribed, in the final stage of treatment after bed rest.
Herbal treatment
In addition to the above methods and diet, with exacerbation of duodenal ulcers, alternative methods of treatment are used.
Treatment of ulcers with St. John's wort and cabbage:
- St. John's wort flowers (fresh) should be finely chopped and placed in a 0.5 liter jar. For such a volume, 150 g of raw materials are required. Then any vegetable oil is poured into the jar, but preferably unrefined olive oil, to the brim. The resulting mixture is evaporated on a water bath for 6 hours, filtered and cooled. Daily forhalf an hour before each meal, you should consume 2 tablespoons of decoction.
- Three parts of cabbage juice are mixed with one part of celery juice so that the volume is 250 ml, and drunk 30 minutes before meals. This juice should be drunk daily for a month. Cabbage juice can also be mixed with tomato or lemon juice.
Psyllium ulcer treatment:
- 40 g of plantain is poured into 200 ml of hot water and infused for an hour. The infusion is taken with each meal in a glass.
- 100 g of string, celandine, St. John's wort and plantain are crushed and mixed well. A large spoonful of the mixture is poured with a glass of boiling water, wrapped and infused for two hours. The infusion is filtered and taken in a large spoonful before meals.
Calendula Ulcer Treatment
Before taking funds based on such a plant, you should familiarize yourself with the contraindications:
- Calendula should not be used during periods of exacerbations.
- Calendula should not be consumed by children, teenagers, pregnant women and those who are breastfeeding.
- Also, alcohol infusions of the herb are not used in any case, as they irritate the intestinal mucosa.
- It is worth remembering that calendula is a strong allergen, so you need to use it with caution.
Let's look at a few recipes:
- Calendula oil. 60 grams of calendula flowers are poured into 200 ml of any vegetable oil. Put the mixture in a water bath and heat to 80 degrees. The mixture is kept for three hours, then insisted for a day. You should take 5 ml of oil before or after eating food. You can not use the oil immediately before eating, you need to wait half an hour. After eating - it is worth keeping an interval of one and a half hours.
- Calendula oil with milk and honey. In 250 ml of milk add 5 grams of honey and calendula. Mix well and drink. This remedy should be taken every morning. The mixture is great for healing old wounds and preventing new sores.
Treatment of ulcers with fireweed and clover
Fireweed and clover in the same proportions - 1 spoon each, finely chopped and poured with water. You will need two glasses of liquid. Drink the infusion should be daily.
At the same time, it is worth abandoning the use of tea in favor of herbal infusion. The tool has anti-inflammatory properties. It is also effective in other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
Diet
Mandatory part of therapy is a diet for exacerbation of duodenal ulcers. It is extremely important for a sufferer of such a disease to eat right. There are several specially designed diets, the purpose of which is to reduce the load on organs and the body as a whole, to reduce chemical and thermal effects.
For a diet for gastric and duodenal ulcers, the absence of fatty, excessively s alty and spicy foods in the diet is characteristic, all spicy, heavy and fatty meats, mushrooms, nuts, seeds, dried fruits are excluded. Fully followsexclude alcoholic and carbonated drinks, coffee, black tea, caffeinated drinks, citrus fruits, sour fruits and berries, juices and fruit drinks from them, white cabbage (however, its juice is used as a medicine for this ailment).
The best food for a diet during an exacerbation of a duodenal ulcer is boiled soups, especially milk or mashed soups. Such soups can be cooked in a light vegetable or chicken broth, in milk with the addition of vegetables or pasta. It is necessary to introduce a large amount of dairy products into the diet: milk, cream, cottage cheese. From low-fat cottage cheese, you can make casseroles or soufflés for dessert with the addition of honey. However, dried fruits, sugar, nuts should be excluded.
Also, a variety of cereals should be present in the diet. Semolina, buckwheat, rice, oatmeal - these cereals can be cooked both in low-fat milk and in water. Honey is added for sweetness.
A couple of weeks after the relief of the exacerbation, lean meat and fish return to the diet: chicken, turkey, veal, rabbit, pollock, cod. Foods are prepared exclusively for a couple or boiled with a minimum amount of s alt. Steamed cutlets, meatballs with milk sauce are perfect. All veins, cartilage, skin fragments and fascia must be removed from the meat.
To add fat to your daily meal, you should add vegetable oil, but no more than 1 teaspoon per day. It will be useful to use a large amount of jelly on non-acidic berries, jelly, puddings, juices diluted with water.
In the diet for duodenal ulcer, only white, yesterday's bread is allowed, and best of all - crackers from it without the addition of s alt, spices.
Chicken eggs up to eight pieces a day - boiled or in the form of steamed omelettes without oil.
Any juices should be diluted with water in equal proportions, you can use green tea, jelly, rosehip broth. White cabbage juice will be an excellent medicine for inflamed intestinal mucosa.
In total, the daily intake should form three thousand kilocalories. When observing positive dynamics, heavier meals are introduced into the diet, at the end of treatment, two or three small buns per week and citrus jelly or jelly are possible. Do not forget that all food should be warm. Foods that are too cold or hot should not be eaten.
