Vegetative-vascular dystonia is a real scourge of our time. Not only the elderly, but also the mature suffer from its symptoms. In recent years, neuropathologists are increasingly diagnosing VVD even in children and adolescents. Treatment can take years. Prevention of VVD in adults and children is a simple recommendation that will help prevent the development of the disease and give patients excellent he alth, vitality and vigor.
VVD symptoms: how this disease manifests itself
The concept of "dystonia" implies an imbalance between the regulatory mechanisms of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system. They are responsible for maintaining the constancy of the internal environment of the body. In fact, for the normal operation of all organs and systems. It affects the pulse rate and heartbeat, the number and depth of respiratory movements, the process of defecation and urination. Helpmaintain balance while exercising.
Now imagine what happens when the relationship between the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system is disrupted. Complete imbalance between brain commands and real life.
Here are the most common manifestations of VVD, due to which patients are forced to seek help:
- Syndrome of cardiovascular manifestations of VVD: arrhythmia, pain in the heart, tachycardia, jumps in blood pressure, rapid pulse for no apparent reason;
- respiratory pathology syndrome in VVD: spasms of the larynx, lack of air;
- syndrome of gastrointestinal disorders: pain in the epigastric region, constipation or diarrhea that are not eliminated by taking medications, flatulence, belching;
- the psycho-emotional sphere syndrome with VVD has the most symptoms: anxiety, sleep problems, hysteria, irritability, unmotivated aggression towards others and auto-aggression.
Reasons for the development of VVD
Knowing the causes of the disease, you can build a successful plan for the prevention of VVD. If you follow it without violations, you can forget about the manifestations of the disease for many years.
So, doctors consider the following to be the most common causes of dystonia and exacerbation of the condition in patients:
- bad habits: constant abuse of alcoholic beverages, sleeping pills, excessive smoking and in some cases the use of drugs;
- constant stay in conditions of chronic stress (unloved job, forced cohabitation with unpleasant people);
- physical overstrain (occurs when a person is forced to work in two shifts, sleep little, his day-night regimen is violated);
- great fright, one-time stress (for example, the patient witnessed someone's brutal death or suffering);
- experienced strokes, heart attacks;
- Recent or delayed traumatic brain injury or concussion that may have caused serious cerebrovascular accident.
Classification of vegetative-vascular dystonia
The above symptoms are largely caused by impaired vascular tone. Therefore, depending on which vascular tone prevails in the patient, medicine distinguishes several types of vegetative-vascular dystonia:
- hypertonic type;
- hypotonic type;
- mixed type;
- cardialgic type.
Bad habits: impact on blood vessels
It is a deeply rooted rule in our culture to drink alcoholic beverages on holidays. Most compatriots neglect the culture of drinking and arrange a "holiday" for themselves every weekend. Often, the abuse of alcoholic beverages causes a real blow to the vessels and often causes the development of VVD of a mixed and hypertonic type. In addition to blood vessels, almost all body systems suffer.
Cigarette smoking causes short-termvasospasm. Almost all heavy smokers have symptoms of VSD. But for most of them, quitting a bad habit is difficult, they prefer to get sick and feel bad than to give up cigarettes.
The first rule of prevention of IRR for hypertensive type: almost complete rejection of alcoholic beverages and preferably cigarettes. If, after a complete rejection of alcohol and normalization of nutrition, the symptoms do not leave the patient, it is necessary to completely stop smoking. Vessels in each person individually react to nicotine and tar contained in cigarettes. And if for one person such an influence is acceptable, then for another it will be simply deadly.
Chronic fatigue and physical overwork
Hard and prolonged work causes vasospasm. Often people in an effort to earn more do not give themselves rest and try to work seven days a week. This approach is unacceptable: each person should sleep at least eight hours a day (and at night) and not be in an upright position for more than ten hours.
No matter how strange it may sound, but often the most effective prevention of VVD in adults is to work less and rest more. Moreover, rest should not be in the gym (visiting which should also be limited, as this is also a serious physical activity), but at home, lying on the couch or in a hammock, in peace and quiet.
Staying under stress
Severe depression, anxiety disorders, constant irritationdue to a misunderstanding of relatives - these reasons often exacerbate the course of existing cardiovascular diseases. VSD can also begin for the first time precisely during a period of nervous shocks and increased anxiety.
The best prevention of IRR during chronic stress is to sleep as much as possible. It is necessary to contact a neurologist or psychiatrist and ask for a prescription for an active sedative (calming) or sleeping pills (if the patient is bothered by insomnia). Without he althy, long-term sound sleep, you will never get rid of stress.
If it is not possible to go to the doctor, you should try to drink a course of the over-the-counter mild tranquilizer "Afobazol". There is another effective homeopathic remedy that is not addictive and is very cheap - this is the soothing tea "Fitosedan".
List of preventive measures for VVD
So, summing up, we can list the most effective measures to prevent VVD:
- absolute refusal to drink alcoholic beverages;
- to the extent possible - quit smoking (or at least reduce the number of cigarettes smoked);
- full sleep (if necessary, resort to sleeping pills);
- if work causes physical fatigue - it is worth changing jobs or schedule;
- try to rest as much as possible while lying down;
- of sports activities, it is best to attend yoga, swimming, Pilates.
These simple rules for the prevention of VVD will help not only improve vascular tone and establish a balance betweenregulatory mechanisms of the parasympathetic and sympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system, but also to improve the psychological state of the patient. After a couple of months of such a life, a sick person will not be recognized: from a twitchy and nervous resident of a metropolis, he will turn into a calm and harmonious person.
VSD prevention: drugs
Both for the treatment of VVD at the initial stages of development, and for the prevention of this condition, drugs of the following groups of pharmacological agents are most often prescribed:
- vasodilating;
- tranquilizing;
- sedative;
- antidepressants;
- nootropics;
- normalizing blood circulation;
- normalizing pressure level;
- hypnotics and restorative drugs.
Prevention and treatment of VVD directly depend on subjective symptoms. That is, from those complaints that the patient himself voices to the treating doctor.
- If there are problems with sleep, Melatonin, Donormil, Afobazol, Atarax, Phenazepam, Phenibut will probably be prescribed.
- If the patient complains of severe anxiety, panic attacks and dizziness - Adaptol, Atarax, Sonapax.
- In case of pronounced heart problems - arrhythmia, tachycardia, etc. (after the doctor is convinced that there are no serious cardiac diagnoses), Betaserk, Valoserdin will be prescribed.
- With constant complaints about the lack of vitality and badmood, accompanied by palpitations and tearfulness, Fluoxetine, Zoloft, Paroxetine, Stimuloton will probably be prescribed.
Injectable nootropics-peptides of the new generation - "Cortexin" and "Cerebrolysin" showed high efficiency in improving cerebral circulation.
Infusions of herbs in the fight against the symptoms of VVD
If the patient consciously avoids taking medications for the treatment and prevention of VVD, you can try offering him herbal infusions. Of course, pharmacological drugs are much more effective. But there are quite powerful herbal preparations.
For example, "Fitosedan" - a sedative collection, which includes thyme, oregano, motherwort, valerian. Medicinal tea is available in two forms, they have a slightly different composition. But there is not much difference in action.
You can buy and brew herbs separately. Valerian, motherwort, thyme have a sedative and hypnotic effect.
Features of VSD prevention in children and adolescents
Almost all serious pharmacological drugs are prohibited for children under six years of age. This complicates the prevention of VVD in children and adolescents.
Apart from taking drugs (although in some cases it is still necessary), the following therapies in children have proven effective:
- consultations with a child clinical psychologist orpsychotherapist;
- correction nutrition - restriction of sweets in the diet;
- communication with animals - hippotherapy showed particularly good results in children;
- dolphin therapy and swimming in the same pool with dolphins.
Of course, such methods cost more than taking medicines. But it is worth paying attention to this: the prevention of VVD in adolescents often helps to maintain he alth and psyche and give a ticket to adulthood without the presence of chronic diseases.
Drugs that can be given to children
If parents still decide to give drugs as a prevention of VVD in children, then before choosing a medication, you should definitely consult a doctor. It is necessary to pass a standard set of blood, urine and feces tests in order to exclude possible pathologies of the internal organs.
If a child is worried about anxiety, has an overly rich imagination and heightened psychological sensitivity, it is necessary to show him to a psychiatrist. If parents are worried about registration, they should contact a private diagnostic center and get advice for money. There you can also get a prescription for the best drug for the child and recommendations for the dosage of the drug. Babies and teenagers are often prescribed nootropics - these are drugs that regulate cerebral circulation and allow you to get rid of excitement, irritability and anxiety, as well as sleep problems.
