What is cromoglycic acid? You will learn about this from the materials of the presented article. We will also tell you about which drugs contain the mentioned substance and what it is.
Issue forms, description
Cromoglycic acid is available as an inhalation aerosol, nasal aerosol, eye drops and nasal spray. It is also available in the form of a clear solution and powder capsules for inhalation.
The principle of action of the drug
Cromoglycic acid, the price of which is listed below, stabilizes the membranes of mast cells, as well as their granules. This happens due to the blockade of calcium entry into cells.
It should also be noted that this agent inhibits the release of allergy mediators such as leukotrienes, histamine, PG2 and others from various cells that are in the bronchial mucosa and in the lumen of the bronchial tree. In addition, this substance helps to suppress the migration of monocytes and neutrophils.
Properties
Cromoglycic acid exhibits the following properties:
- Veryeffective for the prevention of immediate-type allergies in young people who have not yet developed irreversible chronic changes in the lungs. It should be noted that the mentioned substance does not eliminate the already developed bronchospasm.
- Shows a membrane-stabilizing effect. In the lungs, the process of inhibition of the mediator response helps to prevent the development of early and late stages of the asthmatic reaction (including in response to immune and other stimuli).
- Stable effect from the use of the medication is achieved after 2-4 weeks. The effect of the drug after a single injection is observed for 5 hours.
- A noticeable result of treatment for allergic diseases of the visual organs occurs after a few days or weeks.
Prolonged use of the drug reduces the frequency of bronchial asthma attacks, and also greatly facilitates their course, reduces the need for taking corticosteroids and bronchodilators
Kinetics
Cromoglycic acid is absorbed from the respiratory tract in an amount of 10%, and after inhalation of the medicinal powder and solution - 5-15% and 8%, respectively.
Absorption from the respiratory mucosa decreases with an increase in the amount of secretion. The maximum concentration of this substance is reached after ¼ hours.
This product is not metabolized. Its half-life is 45-90 minutes. It is excreted through the intestines and kidneys in approximately equal proportions, as well as through the lungs.
When administered intranasally, about 7% of the drug enters the bloodstream. It binds to plasma proteins by 65%. At the same time, the drug is not metabolized and is excreted unchanged in the bile and kidneys within an hour and a half. Part of the active substance is swallowed and excreted through the gastrointestinal tract without absorption.
Indications
Antiallergic eye drops are prescribed for allergic conjunctivitis, allergic keratitis, keratoconjunctivitis, dry eye syndrome, overstrain, eye fatigue, irritation of the mucous membrane of the visual organs caused by allergic reactions.
It should also be noted that this remedy is used to prevent bronchial asthma, bronchospasm and chronic bronchitis with broncho-obstructive syndrome.
The drug in the form of an intranasal agent is recommended for hay fever and allergic rhinitis.
Contraindications
The drug in question is not prescribed for:
- hypersensitivity;
- pregnancy (first trimester for inhalation);
- in childhood (up to two years - in the form of capsules with powder and solution for inhalation, up to 5 years - in the form of an aerosol for inhalation and intranasal use);
- breastfeeding (for intranasal administration).
Cromoglycic acid instructions
Inhalation of the contents of capsules for inhalation should be carried out using a spinhaler 4 times a day with an interval of 3-6 hours (20 mg each).
Metered-dose inhalationaerosol is prescribed 1 dose (1 mg) four times a day.
Inhalation solution is used by inhaler (20 mg) four times a day. Shake the can well before use and keep it upright.
Nose drops are prescribed for adults in each nasal passage, 3-4 drops every 4-6 hours, and for children from 6 years old - every 6 hours, 1-2 drops. After the appearance of a therapeutic effect, the interval between taking the medicine can be gradually increased.
Nasal spray is used 1 dose in each course of the nose 4-6 times a day. The course of treatment is 4 weeks. Cancellation of the drug should be carried out gradually over one week.
Eye drops (for example, "Sodium Cromoglycate") use 1-2 drops in each visual organ four times a day with an interval of 4-6 hours. If necessary, the number of instillations is increased to 6-8 drops.
Side effects
The remedy in question may cause:
- dizziness, nausea, nosebleeds;
- irritation and dry throat, headache, dry mouth, urinary retention;
- irritation of the mucous membranes of the respiratory system, nasal congestion, coughing, burning eyes, impaired renal function, increased nasal secretion;
- skin rash, conjunctival edema, dry eyes, unpleasant taste, foreign body sensation, stye, watery eyes;
- anaphylaxis (including difficulty swallowing, skin itching, severe stridor, urticaria, swelling of the lips, face andeyelid, decreased blood pressure, shortness of breath).
Synonyms and drug price
Under what trade name is cromoglycic acid sold? These are Ditek, Sodium Kromoglikat, Ifiral, Intal, Kromoheksal, Kromogen Easy Breathing, Nalkrom, Kromogen, Kromoglin, Kromosol, Kromolin, Kropoz”, “Lekrolin”, “Kuzikrom”, “Stadaglycine”, “Hi-krom”.
The price of this product may vary, depending on the manufacturer, the form of the medicine and the pharmacy chain. However, the average cost of cromoglycic acid is 100-250 rubles.
