Philosophy is a concept that has been trying to comprehend for more than one century. In Greek, it means love and wisdom. To be more precise, philosophy is characterized as the love of wisdom.
In general, this concept implies a certain system of ideas about the world that are interconnected and holistic.
Philosophy is one of the most ancient sciences in the world. Its "age" exceeds three millennia. The first philosophers appeared in such developed countries of their time as Greece, India, China and Rome. It was a distant 7-6 centuries BC.
Now there is a more general concept of this definition. It says that philosophy is one of the forms of spiritual activity. Its orientation is represented by the analysis and synthesis of questions of the creation of the world, the place of man in it, its integrity and necessity. In general, we can make a logical conclusion that philosophy is nothing but a special kind of consciousness or emotional attitude, a kind of system with its own principles and principles.requirements.
Philosophy of medicine
In ancient Greece, the philosophy of nursing was formed. People then believed in different gods, each of which was responsible for its own "category". Hygieia was considered the goddess of he alth. She was wisdom, prevented human diseases, harmoniously united soul and feelings, body and mind.
Philosophy of nursing interested many great people. For example, Francis Bacon was convinced that philosophy and medicine are two inseparable concepts. The scientist believed that if one of them does not complement the other, then it makes no sense. The Greek philosopher Epicurus said that the purpose of medicine is to heal the body, while philosophy is to heal the soul. Together, they, according to the scientist, should have made a person eternal.
The philosophy of nursing is what unites the field of medical problems, a person's life, his soul and problems.
The subject of reflection in this case is nothing but a system of values. It is she who pays special attention to biology and medicine, to he alth care in general. Philosophy of nursing… What is it? Asking such a question, one should understand that it implies the basis of all the actions of doctors and human faith in tomorrow. In general, it can be called a psychological tool, the medical effect of which is unusually great.
Philosophy of nursing in Russia
The philosophy of nursing, however, like any speci alty, must be in constant motion. This is explainedthe fact that the world changes every year, which means that all sciences must adapt to it.
Since the creation of this direction, people's views have repeatedly changed, as well as the very attitude towards this profession. In general, we can say that the philosophy of nursing is a concept that largely depends on the region, the national mood of people, the presence or absence of medical institutions, their industries.
The philosophy of nursing in Russia was adopted relatively recently when compared with other world countries and states. This is due to the peculiarities of views on this profession, because the employee was forced to adapt to new reforms. This led to significant changes in the socio-economic sphere.
Basic concepts
The philosophy of nursing in Russia is based on such basic aspects as:
- he alth;
- patient identity;
- speci alty as a science;
- profession as art;
- world around.
Each of the above aspects is extremely important and has certain values.
Philosophy as art
Nursing as an art implies a special impact on any aspect of human life. It can have an impact on his general emotional background, and on his attitude to life, and on his physical condition. All this was noticed by the philosophers of the ancient states. The legendary F. Nightingale once said thatnursing is nothing but the art of antiquity and the science of modernity, the main task of which is to take care of the patient, his he alth and emotional background.
Philosophy as a science
From a scientific point of view, the philosophy of nursing implies medical knowledge and its aspects. It is divided into such industries as:
- ethics;
- sociology;
- psychology;
- aesthetics;
- culturology;
- history.
The professional activity of nurses allows them to develop a special conceptual approach. Its base includes the features of the speci alty, its characteristics and methods. In general, this basis allows you to create a solid foundation for professional activity.
Personality of the patient in philosophy
Philosophy in nursing has always taken the personality as a basis. In this case, this applies to patients and patients. The problem of personality meant at all times the place of man in the world in general.
Man, according to scientists, is nothing but a system that is characterized by integrity, self-regulation and dynamism. It is also a certain set of needs: physiological, spiritual, psychosocial. Satisfaction with them is the key to a fulfilling life. It is she who determines the development and growth of a person, his harmony or imbalance with the outside world.
For each patient, such concepts as the psychological, emotional, biological and spiritual side of life are characteristic. Their unity determines the integrity of a person, his soul and the system of views on the world. Each of these aspects is perceived differently by different people. These differences allow you to create individuality and uniqueness.
Nursing assumes that the staff will find an approach to any patient, competently respond to his problems, will not condemn past or present mistakes. Respect for the values of life, traditions and beliefs is a feature of the philosophy of nursing.
Philosophy and the world around us
The philosophy of nursing reflects the influence of the surrounding world on a person, his life. Hippocrates argued that it is the environment in which a person is located that allows him to form the structure of his body, his soul and temperament. The scientist in his evidence made special emphasis on such factors as:
- weather;
- water;
- climate;
- relief;
- wind;
- laws of the country;
- human habits;
- lifestyle;
- form of government in the state.
F. Nightingale fully supported the opinion of Hippocrates, believing that only the environment can prevent diseases or create favorable soil for them.
In general, it can be characterized as a combination of certain conditions and factors: social, natural, spiritual, psychological. It is on it that the life of the patient is based. It is possible to distinguish suchconstituents like:
- physical, which includes the concept of climate, water and air quality, geographic location, man-made environment;
- cultural, which is based on a person (his behavior, relationship with others), language, customs, traditions, etiquette, faith;
- social, which meant areas of human life, for example, school, work, home.
Dates of formation
The philosophy of nursing in Russia was adopted in 1993, although the first schools appeared in 1920. Then its component was human he alth. It was meant to denote the well-being of the patient psychologically, socially and physically. In other words, diseases of the body and soul should be completely absent.
It is necessary to understand that he alth is a dynamic process that cannot be limited. It can be objective, that is, the way everyone sees it, or it can be subjective. The latter concept implies the ability to control oneself, one's aspirations, the ability to protect oneself.
Subjective he alth shows whether a person can deal with stress, feelings of inferiority, fear, whether he is able to be a full-fledged person, strive for something and achieve it. Every aspect of human activity should be directed towards he alth.
A bit of history
In 1927, the Russian government approved the rights and obligations of nursingpersonnel, it was assumed that they would help people who had lost faith in themselves and their lives. The main condition was respect for the preferences and interests of the patient.
1993 was the decisive year in which the medical philosophy was adopted. Already in 1994, the Russian Association of Nurses was created. She actively participated in the life of the country and the whole world as a whole. A year later, the first dissertation on a given topic was written. This made it possible to open a faculty of nursing at the Moscow Medical Academy.
In general, sisters of mercy have always existed and actively helped people. Previously, they showed enviable courage, because their sphere of activity was military hospitals, the rear of military events. These courageous women saved the lives of millions of soldiers around the world. Their dedication proved to everyone their necessity. And now every military person speaks respectfully of this personnel.
Principles of Philosophy
The principles of the philosophy of nursing mean the following:
- respect for life;
- respect for human rights;
- respect for past and present patient;
- respect for human dignity.
Nursing staff believes that life is a sacred gift for each person, which they personally have the right to dispose of. Each person is a whole with its preferences, rights, choices and needs. It is impossible to isolate these concepts, since they are inseparable.
A sister is a person who carefully influences a person without affecting his personalquality without judgment. She respects his choice and preferences, helps him achieve harmony with himself and the world around him.
Conclusions
Thus, the philosophy of nursing is a system of views on the relationship between human he alth and his soul. It is very important to achieve this unity on your own or with the help of specialists. Now the philosophy of nursing in Russia is considered a popular and sought-after direction that is in demand.
Nursing care is a universal field. A person needs it throughout his life. By providing assistance, the nurse creates a beneficial atmosphere that has a positive effect on both the physical and mental state of the patient. An important condition is the preservation of confidentiality. The man understands that whatever he says to his sister will be kept by her.
Sisters actively participate in solving environmental problems, fight for the rights of people, their psychological attitude, develop philosophy, art and science. Nursing is the future not only of Russia, but of the whole world. Unfortunately, many states have begun to understand this only now. Fixing the world is the prerogative of the young, and the nursing staff is a great opportunity to help.
