Resistant ovary syndrome is the least understood form of female pathology. Most often, this disease appears in 25-35 years. It is characterized by a temporary absence of menstruation with an increased level of gonadotropic hormones of the pituitary gland.
Definition
The essence of the disease lies in the fact that the ovaries cease to perform their direct function. Most often, the disease progresses and ends with menopause. The peculiarity of the pathology is manifested in infertility and the absence of the menstrual cycle. At the time of the illness, various forms of amenorrhea often develop. During this period, there is an overestimated level of gonadotropic hormones of the pituitary gland, as the body still tries to start the ovaries. However, they do not start working, as insufficient amounts of progesterone and estrogen are released. The first time they started talking about the problem was in 1959, when scientists described the signs of resistant ovary syndrome. But still, this topic remains poorly understood today, and the reasons for the appearance are still completelynot defined.
Views
There is no clear classification of this pathology in medical reference books. Although some experts identify three options for the development of the disease:
- Genetic predisposition to the occurrence of defects in the follicular apparatus.
- The autotomic nature of the appearance - at the time of the production of antibodies, the sensitivity of the receptors of follicle-stimulating hormones is blocked.
- When using cytotoxic drugs and immunosuppressants.
Symptoms
Resistant ovary syndrome can most often be identified by the following ailments:
- high LH (luteinizing hormone) and FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) numbers and low estradiols;
- amenorrhea - lack of menstruation;
- exhaustion of the mucous membrane of the vagina and vulva;
- ovaries with many normal sized follicles and thin uterine endometrium;
- carrying severe viral infections and stress;
- menstruation starts to become irregular and then disappears altogether.
The development of the disease most often occurs after 5-10 years from the first cycle. All subjects note that hot flashes to the head are observed at night and daytime. Pain in the lower abdomen appear spontaneously, without any reason. Most often, women with resistant ovary syndrome have painful periods and postpartum complications.
When a patient comes to see a doctor complaining ofsoreness at the bottom and absence of menstruation after viral infections, examination and tests most often show that she took sulfonamides in large quantities, which could provoke a diagnosis.
Reasons
In our time, the factors that influence the formation of pathology are not fully understood. But there is such a theory that the most likely source of the disease is genetic changes in the receptor node of the follicle. Most scientists argue that resistant ovarian syndrome, the symptoms of which are varied and ambiguous, is most often affected by such ailments:
- baldness;
- autoimmune thyroiditis (inflammation of the thyroid gland);
- myasthenia gravis (muscle weakness and fatigue);
- diabetes mellitus;
- thrombocytopenic purpura;
- viral infections (most often mumps);
- autoimmune anemia.
The main reasons for development include factors:
- irradiation in oncology;
- use of immunosuppressants and cytostatics;
- ovarian surgery.
In addition to all this, with pulmonary tuberculosis and sarcoidosis, damage to the ovarian tissue occurs, which often leads to the development of pathology. The disease can also be genetic in nature and appear after severe stress and constant nervous overload.
Diagnosis
The symptoms of this disease are closely related toailments such as gonadal dyscrasia and ovarian failure. Therefore, only with a comprehensive study of complaints and data from the clinical research laboratory, the presence of an ailment is determined. Most often, at the time of the initial examination, one can notice a mild positive “pupil” phenomenon, mastopathy of the fibrocystic type, depletion of the anterior part of the mucous membrane of the vulva and vagina and its pronounced hyperemia. With echography, laparoscopy and gynecological examinations, a minimal decrease in the size of the uterus is observed. To confirm resistant ovarian syndrome, doctors order a biopsy of the epididymis. Histological examination is performed to detect parenteral and pyramidal cells. If you undergo a hormonal examination, you can set the level of LH and FSH in the blood plasma, which is often high and does not match the norm. A low concentration of estradiol is detected. Special attention is paid to hormonal tests, it is noted that at the first test, a positive gestogen is most often shown, and at subsequent tests it is negative.
Therapy
Medical practice very often deals with such a problem as resistant ovary syndrome. Treatment is always ambiguous, since the nature of the onset of the disease has not yet been fully studied. Usually prescribed HRT (hormone replacement therapy) and correction of estrogen deficiency. The basis of the procedures is the restoration of the menstrual cycle and lowering the level of gonadotropic hormones.
Often, doctors prescribe drugs such as"Trisequens", "Feston", "Klymen", "Premella Cycle", "Klimonorm", "Divina", "Klimodien", "Livial" and "Kliogest". Due to the nature of the course, the patient must undergo a pelvic ultrasound every year. Controlling the analysis of blood, lipoproteins and cholesterol helps to form and know the beginning of a new stage of therapy. Thanks to densitometric studies, osteoporosis can be ruled out.
And also drug treatment is effectively combined with non-traditional:
- carrying out intravaginal and abdominal ultraphonophoresis;
- resort vacation;
- acupuncture receptors in the ovarian region;
- taking vitamin E.
Data on the results of such therapy is very mixed. But doctors still state an increase in the number of menstrual flow and follicles, LH and FSH are activated. Estrogens begin to rise in the blood. After the restoration of menstruation, normal ovulation most often does not occur, and such a patient can often give birth to a child through IVF (in vitro fertilization).
To date, gynecology has not studied very well why resistant ovary syndrome occurs. Hypergonadotropic amenorrhea is a serious disease, and at the moment there is no main list of recommendations for its prevention and treatment. It is considered the most correct to exclude adverse factors and undergo examinations every year, especially if there is a violation of the menstrual cycle.
Traditional medicine
Often used as a preventive therapy. It is recommended to constantly take vitamin E,found in foods such as hazelnuts, peanuts, wheat germ and walnuts. The lecithin component, which is found in legumes, caviar and cauliflower, will help return the menstrual cycle, and as you know, it is its lack that indicates resistant ovary syndrome. Treatment with folk remedies, as well as herbal remedies, perfectly complement the therapeutic effect.
Most often these are herbal preparations that have analgesic properties and regulate the cycle well:
- To prepare the composition, mix 30 grams of peppermint leaves, valerian root and 40 grams of chamomile. The prepared mass is poured with boiling water and consumed one glass in the evening and in the morning.
- Infusion of viburnum berries and blackberries helps the ovaries, for this they need to be taken several glasses a day.
- Eat a couple of cloves of garlic to improve the menstrual cycle.
Infertility
The first stage of treatment includes the normalization of the endocrine system, namely the adjustment of the functions of the thyroid gland, adrenal glands and the treatment of diabetes.
Then you need to spend:
- spermogram of the spouse (3 times over 7 weeks), in order to exclude the factor of male infertility;
- echosalpygography (definability of patency of the fallopian tubes);
- postcoital test - to confirm the absence of immunological infertility;
- hysteroscopy (checking for intrauterine pathology).
Nextdrugs are used that begin to stimulate the follicles, and then continue to be taken for the appearance of ovulation. Resistant ovary syndrome and pregnancy are quite compatible, since in 60-70% of cases, infertility can be overcome with drugs.
Prevention
Since today, modern medicine has not fully studied the process of the onset of the disease, it is very difficult to single out certain measures that could contribute to its prevention. Although many experts suggest, if possible, not to use drug intoxication and not to resort to exposure to radiation. It is recommended to lead a he althy lifestyle and treat gynecological diseases in time so that resistant ovary syndrome does not occur.
Prevention also lies in the fact that with the most minor disruptions in the menstrual cycle, you need to visit a doctor and undergo all the required examinations. This will help prevent the development of various pathologies and maintain women's he alth.
Consequences and forecast
The main complication is cycle disorder and infertility, which are quite difficult to treat. It also increases the risk of early formation of age-related diseases, as a lack of estrogen is provoked and there is a possibility of developing malignant tumors of the uterus.
Prognosis is quite favorable and menstrual function returns most often.
