The hand is the most mobile part of the hand, which opens up a huge field for human activity. With the help of brushes, we can perform both rough work that requires the application of force, as well as fine, high-precision work with the smallest fragile details. And the bones of the wrist are primarily responsible for this.
Hand - what is this organ?
Answer: tactile. Many sensitive cells and muscles make it possible to recognize by touch the type of an object and determine its characteristics, perform various movements related to support, as well as movements such as lifting, turning and lowering.
Anatomy: wrist bones
The bones of the hand are divided into five groups, which can be clearly seen in the figure.
At the very base of the hand is a group of eight bones that form its skeleton (Carpals). This includes the following bones:
- capitate;
- trapezoidal;
- trihedral;
- navicular;
- hook-shaped;
- crescent;
- pea-shaped;
- trapezoid bone.
Four of the above (3rd, 4th, 6th and 7th) represent the proximal row. They are adjacent to the bones of the forearm. The remaining four, except for the pisiform bone, make up the distal row, which faces the metacarpus. Interosseous ligaments firmly unite the bones of the wrist. Their anatomy is such that, due to such a connection, they fit snugly against each other and, in fact, form a single surface.
Further, the bones of the wrist turn into spotted (Metacarpals). This is a bridge between the base of the hand and its phalanges. They are curved towards the back of the hand, have a tubular structure. Traditionally, they are divided into three sections: base, body and head.
The following three groups make up the bones that together form the fingers of the hand: these are the proximal, middle and distal phalanges.
Functions performed by the bones of the wrist
The bones of the wrist, presented as small formations, allow you to manipulate the angle of the bend of the palm relative to the forearm. With a brush, we can grab and release objects, bring them closer and further away from the body. By arching the wrist at a ninety-degree angle, one can use it as a support for handstand, which is common in sports activities or in dance. All these manipulations are extremely fast and coordinated, and the whole system that the bones of the wrist and hand make up is light and simple.
Pain in the hand
Many people experience pain inupper arm. It happens that the bones of the wrist "ache". Anatomy makes it clear that human hands are constantly in working mode, and therefore experience heavy loads. Of course, this directly depends on the type of activity: a heavyweight athlete loads his hands more than a secretary, but the hands of a professional athlete can withstand more than the hands of a beginner. In this case, the same load for the first will be acceptable, and for the second it can lead to injury or pain. It is not easy to immediately diagnose which disease caused the bones of the wrist to hurt. The cause may be a dislocation, sprain, even a fracture or fracture of the bone part. Also, such pain can be a "bell", announcing gout, arthritis or osteoarthritis. If you notice this kind of pain in yourself, you should seek help from an orthopedist and / or neurologist, before thoroughly considering what stresses you were subjected to before the discomfort appeared. Perhaps you decided to make a rearrangement in the house and, not sparing yourself, moved the sofa, wardrobe, chest of drawers, etc.? Or maybe you are constantly working at the computer and your mouse is not very convenient. There can be a lot of options.
How without them?
Human hands are the organ without which it becomes difficult to eat, cope with physiological needs, work (in almost any field), etc. People who, for various reasons, were left without this organ, learn to live anew. Many find use for their toes, even draw pictures, let alone bring a spoon tomouth.
But it is much harder than with the help of brushes, which, under the strict guidance of the brain, can do incredible things. But people live, and sometimes more fully than others, and find in this life a lot of joy that he althy people are incapable of. And they should learn from them and appreciate what Mother Nature has given us from birth.
