A bone in the leg can hurt for a variety of reasons. This is a very common complaint of patients to an orthopedist, rheumatologist, traumatologist, arthrologist. In women, these are most often complaints of pain in the big toe. During the conversation, the doctor often finds out their habit of walking in high heels. Of course, this is beautiful, but there is always a threat of curvature of the first finger in such cases.
The head of the metatarsophalangeal joint of the thumb (bone) begins to bulge outward and this is called "valgus deformity of the foot" or "halus valgus stop". Moreover, the thumb is so deviated to the side that it overlaps the second toe.
Women are susceptible to this pathology, because their ligaments are weaker than men, who, although they do not walk in heels, can also experience stress on the feet.
Etiology of the phenomenon
In 70% of cases there is a hereditary factor. Cartilage, which normally should be elastic and durable, inas a result of gene disorders, it is covered with mutated collagen, from this the development of the joint is disturbed, the inner bone grows.
The second reason can be called all sorts of pathologies of the joints, when degenerative processes, inflammation, hemorrhages in the joint capsule, growth of osteophytes, osteoporosis, etc. occur in them.
Another reason is endocrine disorders such as diabetes or obesity (they increase wear and tear on the joints).
Besides this, there must be provoking factors:
- oversized shoes, high heels, resulting in a long-term unnatural position of the foot, causing the big toe pouch to become inflamed;
- rheumatism (triggered by heredity);
- injuries and microtraumas of the foot with ligament disorders (leading to swelling and inflammation of the bone);
- transverse flatfoot;
- old age (over the years, collagen synthesis practically stops and the joint becomes unstable);
- climax (lower estrogen raises cholesterol and causes the development of atherosclerotic plaques on the walls of blood vessels, leading to osteoporosis);
- professional stress and enhanced sports;
- deficiency of vitamins A, D, C, E;
- lack of minerals (magnesium).
Signs of hallux valgus
First harbingers:
- redness of the thumb on the side;
- fatigue of the leg and swelling on it;
- bone around big toe hurts throughout the day;
- thumb calluses;
- morninglifting is accompanied by acute pain in the foot;
- a thickening appears at the base of the finger.
Further, the pain appears when walking or standing. When moving, lameness occurs, corns appear on the plantar side of the phalanges. Even at rest, there is constant discomfort in the foot, the fingers are bent.
Displacement classification
Finger deflection should normally not exceed 10 degrees. With pathology, the degree increases. Osteophytes appear in the articular cartilage, they disrupt the depreciation of the foot, which causes inflammation. Articular cartilage gradually swells, reddens and hurts.
- First degree. Thumb offset less than 20 degrees. Visually, it is not changed, except for an almost imperceptible thickening. The inconvenience is not so much physical as aesthetic. After prolonged exertion, there is a slight discomfort.
- Second degree. Finger offset - 20-30 degrees. From the symptoms: the bone turns red, discomfort becomes frequent, long walking causes a little soreness.
- Third degree. Offset - up to 30-50 degrees. Symptoms: the bone hurts, it swells and turns red, the mobility of the joint is limited. The pain is tolerable, though constant.
- Fourth degree. Offset is over 50 degrees. Symptoms: the bone on the toe hurts very much when walking, there may be lameness. Calluses appear on the upper fingertips. Shoes become difficult to find due to pain.
How dangerous is the problem without treatment?
When a bone in the leg hurts, manyignored, but complications will not keep you waiting:
- multiple lesions of the joints of the legs with the development of arthrosis;
- increased finger deformity;
- postural disorders.
If the legs hurt in the area of the foot from above, what should I do?
Treatment of hallux valgus takes a long time, the goal of therapy is to slow down the progression of the process and improve joint function. The very effectiveness of treatment depends primarily on the age of the patient, his activity and the degree of displacement of the finger.
Arthritis or arthrosis require long-term drug therapy. Antibacterial treatment is used for infectious arthritis, suppressors are used for immunological pathologies.
The relief of pain and inflammation in local treatment is carried out by the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory corticosteroid ointments.
When the acute process subsides, chondroprotectors are prescribed to normalize the metabolism in the joints. Recently, "Hondrolon" is often recommended for this. The active substance of this immunopreparation is chondroitin sulfate. The medicine is produced in Russia.
Pharmacological action
The composition of the drug "Chondrolon" contains proteoglycans, which protect the cartilage, inhibit the activity of the enzyme that destroys it, and they also improve the metabolism in the affected tissues. The drug relieves pain and inflammation, restores the cartilage surface, regulates the secretion of synovial fluid.
Alsoparaffin baths, exercise therapy, massage, vitamin therapy are used for treatment. With 1-2 degrees of displacement, conservative treatment is effective. This is the use of orthopedic fixators, insoles and interdigital plates. They evenly distribute the load on the foot and prevent the toe from bending, making it easier to walk and relieve pain.
Therapeutic massage
Feet massage in the form of spiral kneading of the bone improves blood circulation and activates the supply of nutrients to the joint, helps to relax muscles and ligaments. The course is 10 days for 20 minutes, then a break for 3 weeks.
Gymnastic exercises
Special exercises are done daily. They gradually restore mobility and strengthen the joint.
Among them:
- picking up small objects from the floor with toes;
- drawing with a pencil in the toes of numbers or letters;
- spreading the crumpled fabric on the floor with your toes;
- toe walking.
Also improve the condition of herbal baths and limit the load on the feet.
Operation
An orthopedic surgeon decides on an operation after examining an x-ray. Correction of the deformity is called an osteotomy. This usually occurs when conservative treatment is ineffective.
There are more than 150 methods for correcting hallux valgus: chevron osteotomy, removal of osteophytes, arthrodesis, etc. The type of operation is chosen by the doctor. Osteotomy can be closed or open.
Closed is held withoutincisions through punctures, this is a low-traumatic method. The patient is discharged the next day after the procedure.
What can you do at home?
Treatment of a bone on the leg at home involves the use of a retainer, insoles and plates between the toes.
Retainer effective:
- at the 1-2 stage of the pathology, when there is still no permanent pain;
- with obesity for a while until the patient normalizes weight;
- after surgery, during rehabilitation, the retainer provides peace to the foot.
Prevention
Simple recommendations:
- Shoes must fit. It should be made of natural material, with a dense sole, moderately spacious, with arch support.
- You should go barefoot more often.
- In the evening you can do foot massage and s alt baths.
- Don't be deficient in calcium.
- Stand less, walk more.
It hurts under the knee: reasons
Why do the bones in my legs hurt below the knee? Guilty of this:
- Severe physical strain on the muscles of the legs, for example, when overtraining. This leads to myalgias and convulsions.
- Bone pain can be caused by sprained or torn ligaments.
- She could be provoked by a bruise.
- Bone pain below the knee can be caused by a severe bruise. In a couple of days, swelling and hematoma will be added to this.
- The bones of the legs from the knee to the foot hurt with arthritis, arthrosis orinflammation of the meniscus of the knee. Pain at the bottom of the knee closer to the foot is most often caused by varicose veins and thrombosis.
- The bone on the leg hurts due to a violation of the water-s alt balance, when an inflammatory reaction develops in subcutaneous fat, for example, with sciatica and pregnancy.
It is contraindicated for tendons to stretch strongly and for a long time, even if they are strong.
Pain under the knee in front can also occur due to inflammation of the tendons (tendinitis). This is especially felt when exercising or going up (down) stairs.
The leg bone hurts in front with such an unpleasant consequence of arthritis as a cyst of the knee joint, it causes severe pain.
Menisci can tear during heavy physical exertion. The menisci act as cushion pads.
Pain under the knee can occur due to a fracture of the calyx located in this area.
If it is not clear why the leg below the knee hurts in front, then think about a possible dislocation during a fall, an accident, during a workout, etc. Obesity can also cause discomfort in the legs below the knee. With the normalization of weight, the pain goes away by itself.
The leg below the knee in front hurts a lot and when the periosteum detaches. The knee joint may begin to hurt due to disorders in the hip joint or pinching of the nerves. But these are not the only reasons.
Why do the bones on my legs still hurt? For example, due to the weakness of the medial head of the extensor muscle, which presses on the patella and causes pain with movement.
Diseases with painin the bones
They are very different:
- Injuries: bruises, fractures, dislocations. Twisted fractures of the tibia and ankles are the most common.
- Bone tumors. They can be in the bones themselves or be metastases.
- Diseases of the blood system. The tubular bones contain red bone marrow. His defeat also gives pain in the bones.
- Inflammatory and infectious diseases. This is primarily hematogenous osteomyelitis. With this disease, a purulent-necrotic process develops not only in the bone marrow, but also in the bones.
- Even with a common cold, bones and muscles can ache when ingested by a virus circulating in the blood.
- Bone pain is noted in syphilis (at night) and tuberculosis.
- Hypovitaminosis. With a lack of vitamins D and B1, peripheral nerve endings are destroyed, and this causes pain and a burning sensation in the muscles and bones of the legs and feet.
- Osgood-Schlatter disease. Its essence is that there is a resorption of the tuberosity of the tibia. This is the place at the top of the bone where the muscles are attached. In some adolescents, there is a slowdown in the growth of blood vessels in the leg, bone nutrition and blood supply are disturbed. The result is the resorption of tuberosity. There is no particular catastrophe in this, but severe pains arise in the bones of the lower leg. Later, the blood supply is restored, so the treatment is outpatient with an orthopedist. Shown physiotherapy treatment. When the resorption of the tuberosity ends, the negative manifestations completely disappear.
- In the elderlyAnkle pain is often caused by nervous disorders or vascular pathologies. All these diseases have a common manifestation in the form of intermittent claudication.
- Also rare, but there is pain in the bones of the lower leg due to Volyn fever. It is caused by body lice. Manifested by chills, sweating, hyperthermia.
- Excessive production of parathyroid hormone (in the parathyroid glands), hormones in the thyroid gland and adrenal cortex leads to osteoporosis.
Diagnosis
It includes:
- X-ray. Takes up to 30 minutes, accuracy is about 70%.
- Ultrasound. Time 30 minutes, accuracy about 60%;
- CT. Takes about 15 minutes, 60 to 80% accuracy;
- MRI. Run time 20 minutes, accuracy 97%.
Each of the listed diagnostic methods is able to give one or another information about the condition of muscles, bones, blood vessels and tendons, as well as skin.
The cheapest method is ultrasound. Expensive research is justified by high accuracy. If vascular pathologies in the legs are suspected, vascular angiography is additionally indicated, as well as radionuclide diagnostics.
Treatment of pain in the anterior part of the bone below the knee
Therapy is carried out with the help of medicines for bone pain, physiotherapy, physiotherapy exercises. For the first 3 days, cold compresses and rubbing with a piece of ice are used to relieve swelling, the joint must be fixed.
You can also take painkillers for bone pain. For example, NSAIDs: Ibuprofen or Diclofenac. In severe diseases, use a short courseglucocorticosteroids.
Injections "Diprospan": instructions for use
This is a prescription drug, available in ampoules. Manufacturer - Russia. Active ingredients: betamethasone disodium phosphate, related to GCS. It is characterized by increased glucocorticoid and, to a lesser extent, mineralocorticoid activity. The tool has anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic and immunoprotective effects. It has a pronounced effect on metabolism. Excreted from the body through the kidneys. Indications for use: pathologies of bones and muscles.
Instructions for the use of injections "Diprospan" says that it is used for injection intramuscularly, intraarticularly, periarticularly, intrabursally, intradermally. The drug is not prescribed intravenously and subcutaneously.
In case of infectious etiology, antibiotic treatment is indicated. Very well strengthens muscles and stabilizes the joint physiotherapy. It is useful to perform physiotherapy exercises, which will give the muscles the necessary tone and stop the development of atrophy. For serious and advanced injuries, surgical treatment.
Prevention
For the prevention of pain in the leg below the knee, it is recommended:
- wear protective knee pads while playing sports;
- with the monotony of foot movements, periodically be sure to give them rest and do a warm-up;
- avoid hypothermia of the lower extremities.
When sitting, you can not bend your legs and throw one over the other. Periodically, you should do exercises, getting up and warming up. A he althy lifestyle and sparingsports. It is advisable to give up bad habits, because they cause many diseases.
Pain in the bones of the legs can indicate various pathologies. To identify the exact cause, you need to visit a medical institution. Only a specialist will be able to make the correct diagnosis and prescribe the appropriate therapy. Self-medication without consulting a doctor is unacceptable.
