Proper nutrition for kidney disease is considered an integral part of therapy. It is prescribed exclusively by the attending physician, depending on the diagnosis and the results of the examination. Not everyone knows what kidney diet is necessary.
Do I need a diet?
As you know, the kidneys are a paired organ that is located on both sides of the spine and performs the function of producing urine. The abdominal wall covers only their front part.
Kidneys have an asymmetric arrangement, the left one is usually slightly higher than the right one. It is also smaller in size and weight. In shape, they resemble beans, the outer layer of which is formed by a fibrous capsule. The latter, in turn, is covered with a fatty layer.
Like any organ, the kidneys can fail. Their functionality is lost with age. Diabetes mellitus, hypertension and smoking can contribute to age-related changes and exacerbate the situation. Heredity also plays an equally important role in the he alth of the organ.
By making changes in your diet and sticking to the right diet, you can significantly improve the condition of the kidneys. And even if not curedcompletely, then at least increase the chances of recovery in combination with drug treatment.
Features of food
In the initial stages of kidney disease, fluid intake does not require increased attention. If the pathology progresses or the doctor insisted on dialysis, control will be needed. The accumulation of fluid in the body can lead to difficulty breathing, to the point that without emergency medical attention it will simply be impossible.
In order for the thirst to leave the patient alone, it is necessary to consume less s alt. When blood pressure is elevated, reducing such a component in the diet will also be beneficial.
Instead of it, you can add spices to dishes, which also improve the taste of cooked food. Under the ban and s alt substitutes. They usually contain potassium, which the body needs when dieting, but also in a limited amount.
What counts
To develop the right diet for the kidneys in women and men, a urologist will help. When choosing a diet, take into account:
- minimal load on the kidneys;
- the body needs food that normalizes blood pressure, positively affecting water balance;
- accelerating full recovery anti-inflammatory effect;
- improving the function of removing fluid from tissues (cleansing the urinary tract);
- introducing foods that improve the immune system into the diet.
A properly selected therapeutic diet will help to avoid the transition of the disease into a chronic form.
In case of kidney pathologies, it is important to increase the amount of carbohydrate intake, proteins, on the contrary, should be reduced. The acceptable amount of s alt consumed is reduced to 5 g per day. To avoid the onset of kidney failure, it must still be present in the diet.
Principles
Diet for kidney disease is essential. So the body will be much easier to cope with the disease.
Its main principles:
- eat reduced protein foods;
- do not drink too much liquid.
That's not all. It is desirable to keep the weight at the same level, so you need to look at whether the body receives enough calories. Losing weight in this case will only hurt.
Also, a lack of calories can cause tissue breakdown and even disrupt the functioning of the body. Having learned from the doctor the correct optimal weight, you need to strive to ensure that it does not change - for this it is recommended to weigh yourself every morning. Carbohydrate restriction will only be needed for those who are overweight.
Where to get energy
If a doctor recommends limiting protein, then many do not understand where the body will take energy from. But it's simple: you can get calories from bread, fruits, vegetables and cereals. In addition to energy, they have many vitamins, fiber and minerals.
High-calorie desserts are allowed only when absolutely necessary. But you can’t eat everything in a row, the menu should not contain nuts, cocoa, chocolate and bananas, as well as milk. It will be more usefulreplace cakes and pastries with honey and berry jelly.
Fats can also make up for missing calories. During the diet, you can include dishes containing sunflower, rapeseed and olive oils, which will serve as a good protection for the arteries.
Before including such supplements in the diet, you will need to consult a doctor, since the same cholesterol can provoke heart disease.
Fasting days
Implying only one food per 24 hours, eg eating watermelon all day and nothing else.
In diseases of the kidneys, "unloading" on apples, oatmeal, juices and, especially, cucumbers is more relevant. These foods are good for cleansing the body by increasing urine production, which in turn lowers blood pressure.
Also popular fasting days such as:
- curd;
- dairy;
- sugar;
- meat;
- salad;
- rice;
- compote.
During fasting days, it is recommended up to 1.5 kg of fruits, berries or vegetables (not all at once, but one thing), processed in any of the possible ways or raw.
Such days should be arranged no more than 2 times a week. Their appearance depends on what substance a person wants to replenish in the body.
Every disease has its own diet
In most cases, people pay insufficient attention to their he alth. Someone drinks only coffee, another, hungry, runs to the nearest cafe to have a bitehamburger or french fries instead of a bowl of homemade soup. The third drinks coffee every day and smokes a pack of cigarettes. That is why kidneys are transplanted more often than any other organ.
Pathologies are diverse, each of them implies an individual diet aimed at improving certain body functions.
Diet 6
Indications: urolithiasis with the formation of stones from uric acid, gout. The task is to normalize the formation of uric acid in the body, improve metabolism.
This diet restricts foods containing oxalic acid, purines and sodium chloride. It aims to increase alkalizing foods such as vegetables, fruits and milk. Fats and proteins limit moderately.
What can:
- vegetarian soups containing various vegetables and cereals, but the broth should not be meat, fish or mushroom;
- wheat or rye bread, also allowed with bran;
- meat, fish and poultry are allowed about three times a week;
- fermented milk products and milk, dishes based on them;
- recommended to eat 1 egg a day, any heat treatment;
- cereals, except legumes;
- salads exclusively from pickled and fresh vegetables;
- the number of berries and fruits should be maximum;
- dried fruits;
- jelly and creams from milk, berries, fruits.
Coffee and cocoa are prohibited. Tomato, dairy, vegetable sauces, as well as those prepared on the basis of mushrooms, meat and fish should not be eaten. Smoked meatfood, liver and sausages are not allowed.
Interesting! An Indian surgeon performed a four-hour operation to remove kidney stones. For all the time, he removed 170 thousand stones from the patient's organ, thereby restoring his life. The surgeon's name was Ashish Patil. This disease is the most common among all known renal abnormalities. Also, stones of a different type can form in the organ - karal-like clusters that grow and fill the entire pelvis.
Diet 7
Indications: prescribed for glomerulonephritis, also recommended as a diet for kidney pyelonephritis in women. The task is to relax the kidneys, lower blood pressure, get rid of swelling.
This is a diet that partially restricts the intake of proteins, carbohydrates and fats. S alt is not given to the patient at all. The amount of liquid is reduced to 0.8 liters per day.
Products that are allowed in the diet for kidney diseases on a diet in 7 menus:
- yesterday's bread;
- vegetarian soups without added s alt, with butter dressing;
- during the first two weeks poultry and meat are limited;
- fish (exclusively boiled or baked);
- soft-boiled eggs;
- cottage cheese and milk in the form of casseroles and other dishes;
- fruits and vegetables, only thermally processed.
Cheese, canned food, smoked meats, pickled cucumbers, black bread and all products containing s alt are prohibited.
Interesting! Sunbathing men are less likely than others to get nephritis. In women, the relationship is not traced.
By the way, but the diseaseheart and kidney are interconnected. If the treatment of the latter is neglected, the disease will go into an advanced stage, and with pathologies of the excretory system, the risk of a heart attack increases.
Least protein diet (7B)
Indication - chronic kidney disease.
S alt is not used. Coffee, spicy and alcohol are excluded.
Diet menu number 7 for kidney disease includes allowed foods:
- maize starch bread;
- vegetable soups;
- lean meat and poultry, boiled fish;
- baked vegetables;
- recommended protein omelette eggs;
- dairy and sour-milk products with restrictions;
- sweet gravies, tomato and white sauces.
Heavy sauces from mushrooms, fish and meat, as well as pork dishes are strictly prohibited.
Diet 7B
Prescribed for chronic kidney disease, nephritis in pregnant women, kidney tuberculosis, etc.
Diet is aimed at complete or partial elimination of edema, restoration of lost proteins.
This is a balanced diet for the kidneys, its conditions are less severe than the previous options. Contains a large amount of proteins that are important for the body. This diet still emphasizes limited fluid intake and taboos on table s alt.
It is recommended to eat small meals 5 - 6 times a day.
Approved Foods:
- any lean boiled meat;
- bread with bran andwheat;
- eggs (boiled);
- snacks like salads but with sunflower oil;
- no limit on raw berries and fruits;
- fermented milk products and milk;
- thermally processed vegetables (not fried);
- milk, fruit and tomato sauces;
- tea, compotes and decoctions.
People with kidney disease need to carefully monitor their weight, keeping it at the same level. In addition, the diet will help get rid of swelling in the legs and face.
Sample menu for the week
When dieting for kidney disease, the menu can be compiled as follows:
Day 1:
- Breakfast: rice with milk, cottage cheese with raisins, tea.
- Second breakfast: mashed potatoes with steam fish.
- Lunch: vegetable soup with chicken or lean veal, compote.
- Dinner: rice and cottage cheese casserole, rosehip compote.
- For the night: fat-free kefir (about 200 g).
Day 2:
- Breakfast: semolina, green tea.
- Second breakfast: cottage cheese with sugar, kefir.
- Lunch: potato soup, veal or chicken, kissel.
- Dinner: meat casserole, tea with a spoonful of honey.
- For the night: 100 g dried fruit.
Day 3:
- Breakfast: milk buckwheat, vegetarian cutlets (carrots), tea.
- Second breakfast: cottage cheese pudding, rosehip broth.
- Lunch: borscht, lean meats, fruit compote.
- Dinner: steamed fish cakes, pasta, milk.
- For the night: curdled milk.
Day4th:
- Breakfast: boiled or steamed fish, vinaigrette, juice.
- Second breakfast: cottage cheese casserole.
- Lunch: vegetarian vermicelli soup, chicken piece, cherry compote.
- Dinner: sweet cottage cheese, meat casserole, milk tea.
- For the night: kefir.
Day 5:
- Breakfast: cottage cheese with a spoonful of sour cream, rice with vegetables, compote.
- Second breakfast: milk oatmeal with fruit, tea with honey.
- Lunch: vegetable soup, buckwheat with meat, kissel.
- Dinner: steamed fish, apple pancakes, compote.
- For the night: homemade curdled milk.
Day 6:
- Breakfast: milk buckwheat, tea.
- Second breakfast: cottage cheese casserole.
- Lunch: vermicelli milk soup, veal and rice, rosehip compote.
- Dinner: oatmeal with fruit.
- For the night: kefir with sugar.
Day 7:
- Breakfast: vinaigrette, sugared cottage cheese, tea with honey.
- Second breakfast: mashed potatoes with veal.
- Lunch: lean borscht, lean meat with buckwheat, compote.
- Dinner: rice curd casserole, juice.
- For the night: kefir.
The menu can be changed depending on the severity and type of the disease.
Banned
In addition to food that is beneficial, there are also a number of products that, on the contrary, can aggravate the state of he alth.
Invalid:
- cheeses;
- canned food;
- smoked food;
- beans, beans;
- chocolate, coffee, cocoa;
- foods containing oxalic acidacid;
- black bread.
Conclusion
Eating the right foods when you are sick does not mean that medication can be stopped. Dieting is only necessary to improve and accelerate the result.
No need to sit still and create the ground for the comfortable development of diseases. It is recommended to do exercises and light physical exercises.
At the first symptoms, it is recommended to consult a doctor in a timely manner, not hoping that if you exclude junk food, the disease will pass. Only complex therapy will give results.
