The presence of strabismus gives people a lot of trouble. This is a cosmetic and psychological problem. Pathology is distinguished by the location of the pupil, the mobility of the eyeball. How a person with strabismus sees is described in the article.
Development mechanism
Considering the topic, as a person with strabismus sees, one should be familiar with the principle of the development of this pathology. Each organ of vision has 6 muscles. With their help, synchronous movement of the eyeballs is ensured. While changing the direction of gaze, both eyes must perform a simultaneous and unidirectional movement.
As a result, the gaze will be on 1 point of the object in question. And in violation of the coordinated work of the visual muscles, the eyes move and look in different directions. This pathology is called strabismus. But in medicine it is called strabismus or heterotropia.
Squint is an eye disease that can be detected without a doctor. Many attribute the pathology to an aesthetic defect, not believing that this leads to a functional impairment of vision. Causes of synchronous failurethe work of the visual muscles are different, but they determine the type and nature of the disease. How a person with and without strabismus sees is noticeably different. The manifestations of pathology are described below.
Symptoms
How do people with strabismus see? Usually this condition manifests itself in the form:
- doubling objects (but not always);
- rapid eye fatigue from reading and working with a PC;
- headaches;
- dizziness;
- impaired vision;
- squinting;
- forced uncomfortable head position, turned or tilted;
- lack of stereo perception.
Pictures, as seen by a person with strabismus, allow us to assess his condition. It should be borne in mind that the perception of the world is noticeably different than that of ordinary people.
Image formation
How does a person with strabismus see? Such people do not have stereoscopic vision, so they are not able to perceive the surrounding objects in three dimensions. This is due to the fact that when looking at an object, the image reflected from it on different parts of the retinas.
Therefore, the CNS visual analyzer is not able to merge 2 pictures into a single whole, so two images are formed. The brain protests against this optical discomfort by triggering a defense mechanism that ignores the image of the defective eye.
It should be borne in mind that with a long course of the disease, a person has a functional decrease in vision or amblyopia. ATIn this case, one eye sees almost nothing. They call him lazy because he is disconnected from the visual process. Given the mechanism for the development of pathology, how does a person with strabismus see? Such people look with monocular vision, they cannot perceive it in volume and in full.
Reasons
How cross-eyed children and adults see the world, there are no differences. The causes of this pathology can be congenital and acquired. Often associated with:
- anomalies of intrauterine development of the child;
- optical visual impairment;
- neurological problems;
- complications after infections;
- anomalies of the oculomotor muscles;
- stress and mental disorders;
- serious head injuries;
- inadequate load on the visual system;
- rapid deterioration in visual acuity in one eye.
If the eye even squints a little, then this is a symptom of the development of pathology. In a child, this deviation should be identified by the parents. In this case, you need to contact an ophthalmologist, who will stop the development of the disease at an early stage and correct the defect.
In adults, strabismus has a different origin. How do people with strabismus see? The photo will make it clear. If the disease is from childhood, then this means that the habit of seeing the world as flat has been formed. In this case, the pathology does not cause inconvenience to a person.
If the deviation appeared from external factors, then the main sign of strabismus is considered not only an aesthetic defect. This is due to the fact that adultspeople have reduced adaptive action of the brain, so they can not turn off the image of the diseased eye. There is double vision, dizziness, headaches. To get a comfortable viewing angle, a person squints one eye and constantly tilts his head to one side.
Varieties
To understand how people with strabismus see the world, you should familiarize yourself not only with the causes, but also with the types of the disease. It differs in several ways:
- type: hidden, imaginary and true;
- shape: friendly, paralytic and atypical;
- view: convergent, divergent, vertical and mixed;
- eye involvement: unilateral and intermittent.
The complex structure of the visual system is associated with the presence of many types and forms of pathology. The success of conservative and surgical treatment of deviation depends on their correct classification.
Forms of origin
The form of pathology is friendly and paralytic. The first type develops from poor heredity, anomalies in the structure of the visual organ. Most often it appears in childhood. In this situation, the eyes squint alternately, the angle of deviation from the center of the retinal axis in the eyes is almost the same. It turns out that the movement of the eyeballs is completely preserved.
If a person looks at an object with a squinting eye, then the normal one will turn the same distance. In this case, there is no double vision, as they immediately become amblyopic.
Paralytic illness happenscongenital and acquired. It appears from paralysis of the eye muscles or from a violation of the activity of the optic nerve. Pathology occurs due to injuries, congenital anomalies, infections, tumors, intoxication of the body.
In this case, the diseased eye does not move fully or partially. The load will be on a he althy visual organ, which, in order to cover the required viewing angle, needs to mow strongly and deviate at a large angle. Atypical strabismus is a specific ailment, since it is usually observed in people with Down syndrome, Brown syndrome.
Views
If a person has various visual acuity disorders, then some oculomotor muscles perform enhanced movements to find the necessary visual focus while viewing an object. This is considered the main reason for the development of the deviation. Strabismus occurs:
- Converging - the pupil looks at the bridge of the nose.
- Diverging - the pupil is facing the temple.
- Vertical - pupil raised or lowered.
- Mixed - a combination of all the above species.
Each pathology is divided into monocular and alternating. In the first situation, the pathology affects one eye, and in the second, both eyes mow in turn.
Diagnosis
A correct diagnosis is the foundation of successful therapy. With some external manifestations, this pathology has many types. Therefore, before treatment, the doctor must identify the cause of strabismus, conduct an ophthalmological examination. For this, high-precision equipment is used with the use of special programs, tables, mirrors. Diagnostics involves the execution of:
- General vision test.
- Total refraction of the visual system.
- Measuring the angle of strabismus by different methods.
- Checking the synchronous work of the eyes.
- Performing a stereoscopic vision test.
- Research of pupillary mobility in different directions.
If strabismus appeared from neurological abnormalities, then a consultation with a neurologist is required. A CT scan and an X-ray are also being performed.
Treatment
Squint is a disease that changes the visual perception of reality, worsening the quality of life. Still limited performance. The condition leads to psychological discomfort. The ailment itself does not go away, so it needs to be treated.
The treatment regimen is chosen by the ophthalmologist according to the examination performed and based on age, the causes of the pathology and the presence of a lazy eye. Whatever the type of pathology, the treatment is based on:
- restoring a lazy eye;
- correction of an aesthetic defect;
- stimulate the development of three-dimensional vision.
Although with the help of modern technology it will be possible to eliminate any kind of strabismus, this procedure is long and laborious. The patient needs to follow a lot of doctor's prescriptions and perform special exercises for vision. It is necessary to correct the defect at an early stage of development, since only then will it be possible to eliminatedisease.
Prevention
Usually strabismus occurs in children of 2-3 years old during the formation of the joint work of the pupils. Therefore, they fall into the risk group of pathology. Early pathology will be an effective measure to prevent the occurrence of strabismus.
To exclude the formation of pathology, one should undergo an examination by a pediatric ophthalmologist every six months. Particular attention should be paid to patients who have congenital anomalies, poor heredity, as well as babies who have had birth trauma.
Interesting facts
Photo, how cross-eyed people see the world, helps to feel the perception of reality. There are several facts about this pathology:
- The causes of the disease are congenital and acquired.
- More than 25 types of strabismus occur in children aged 1-3 years with refractive pathology and no treatment.
- Infectious diseases can also lead to illness: measles, rubella, influenza. Therefore, it is necessary to control that in case of illness, children do not overwork their eyesight.
- In childhood, strabismus is treated with orthooptic methods and glasses, but sometimes surgery is required.
- With prolonged pathology, amblyopia appears - a functional decrease in vision, when 1 of 2 eyes is practically not involved in the visual process.
Thus, strabismus makes a person uncomfortable. Therefore, this pathology should not be ignored. Timely treatment will allow you to quickly get rid of this problem.
