At present, there are more and more people suffering from diabetes and complicated type of obesity. There are many drugs for the treatment of these ailments. One of them is the drug "Formetin". Its characteristic features will be discussed in this article.
Pharmaceutical category
Formetin, instructions for use of which are given in this article, is a hypoglycemic drug of the biguanide group.
Description of composition and release form
One tablet contains:
| m, r | m, r | m, r | |
| Active ingredient | |||
| Metformin hydrochloride | 0, 500 | 0, 850 | 1, 000 |
| auxiliary substances | |||
| medium molecular type povidone | 0, 017 | 0, 029 | 0, 034 |
| croscarmellose sodium | 0, 008 | 0, 0136 | 0, 016 |
| magnesium stearate | 0, 005 | 0, 0084 | 0, 010 |
Formetin is produced in blisters of 100, 60 or 30 tablets. The color of the tablets is white, and the form depends on the dosage of the main substance. At 500 mg, they have a flat-cylindrical round shape with a risk and a chamfer. Also, the dosage of 1000 mg and 850 mg has "Formetin". The tablets in this case are convex and oval. They are one-sided risk.
Pharmacodynamics
Metformin ("Formetin") slows down gluconeogenesis occurring in the liver, and at the same time there is a decrease in the glycogen store in it. This tool contributes to the difficulty of absorption of glucose from the intestines, increasing the excretion of sugar from the circulatory system. At the same time, the response of tissues to insulin increases, without affecting the production of its endocrine part by the pancreas by B-cells, bypassing the hypoglycemic reaction, since the production of this substance is not activated.
The drug "Formetin", reviews of which speak of its effectiveness, reduces the amount of "bad" cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. The content of high-density lipoproteins increases by 20-30%. With an ineffective diet, the drug "Formetin", the instructions for use of which are described in this article, helps to reduce and / or stabilize the patient's weight. This happens due to the oxidation of glucose with oxygen-freeby, as well as reducing appetite. The process of activation of tissue plasminogen is also blunted by acting on its inhibitor, while it has a hemostatic effect.
Pharmacokinetics
Metformin absorption begins in the gastrointestinal tract. The maximum content of this substance in the blood is reached approximately 2.5 hours after application at the degree of absorption of the standard dose - 50-60%. The quality of drug absorption in the body is affected by the relationship between the active substance and plasma proteins. Formetin tablets have no connection with plasma proteins. This speaks to its effectiveness. Since the lower the binding coefficient, the better the drug is absorbed. Deposition occurs in the kidneys, liver, muscle tissue, salivary glands. In the body, metformin does not undergo changes. It is subsequently excreted by the kidneys. Therefore, in case of violation of their work, cumulation is observed. The biological half-life is 1.5-4.5 hours.
Purpose
The medicine "Formetin" is used to treat a certain category of diseases. Namely, in the presence of type 2 diabetes, in cases of complicated obesity, when the diet does not help to keep the sugar level normal, even in combination with a sulfonylurea. Also effective is "Formetin" for weight loss.
How to take?
The dose of this drug is chosen by the doctor, based on the amount of glucose in the blood. Oral intake should be taken after a meal with a glass of water.a considerable amount of liquid and without subjecting the tablet to mechanical processing. As mentioned above, the dosage is prescribed depending on the content of glucose in the blood. It starts with a minimum amount - 0.5 g or 0.85 g per day. Two days after the start of treatment with this drug, a constant level of metformin in the blood is observed. If necessary, you can gradually increase the dose to the maximum value. It equates to 3 grams.
Since the development of lactic acidosis is often observed in the elderly, for them the level of the maximum daily dose is 1 g. manifestations to be discussed below.
Contraindications
There are many nuances in this plan. The drug "Formetin", instructions for use of which are given in this text, is contraindicated in the presence of:
- diabetic ketoacidosis, precoma, coma.
- Severe impairment of kidney function.
- Heart and respiratory failure.
- Acute phase of myocardial infarction.
- Dehydration.
- Chronic alcoholism and other conditions that may contribute to the development of lactic acidosis.
- Acute cerebrovascular accident.
- Pregnancy and breastfeeding.
- Increased sensitivity to this drug.
- Major surgeries andinjuries when insulin therapy is prescribed.
- Severe infectious diseases.
- Impaired liver function.
- Acute alcohol poisoning.
- Lactic acidosis (including history).
- Diets hypocaloric (less than 1000 kcal per day).
- X-ray or adioisotope studies with the introduction of an iodine-containing substance.
It is also not recommended to use the drug "Formetin" for people over sixty years of age who perform physical hard work. Since in this case they have an increased risk of developing lactic acidosis.
Side effect
The occurrence of such unpleasant symptoms as a "metallic" taste in the mouth, vomiting, nausea, diarrhea, gas formation, lack of appetite requires stopping the use of therapy and immediately contacting a specialist. Long-term use of the drug causes a violation or complete cessation of the absorption of vitamin B12, which leads to the accumulation of the latter in the body, causing hypovitaminosis. In rare cases, the opposite develops - megaloblastic В12-deficiency anemia. If the dose is incorrectly administered, hypoglycemia is possible. Allergic reactions in the form of a skin rash may also occur. Therefore, the drug "Formetin", reviews of which on its expediency in use are different, should be prescribed only by the attending physician.
Special Instructions
Important criteria are determined by the peculiarity of the accumulation of the main substance "Formetin" in the body andconsequence of this.
To prevent the accumulation of metformin and prevent lactic acidosis, it is necessary to monitor the indicators of kidney function and take tests to determine the amount of lactic acid in the body at least 2 times a year. Also, if muscle pain occurs, a re-examination should be made.
The effect of this drug on the ability to control mechanisms and drive vehicles
In this case, there are also certain nuances. The impact of "Formetin" on the ability to control mechanisms and transport takes place only if it is used together with drugs that affect work processes, requiring quick responses and increased concentration. This is important to know.
Use during breastfeeding and pregnancy
The drug "Formetin", the instructions for use of which are set out in this text, has a fetal exposure category "B" according to the FDA. During pregnancy, you can take this remedy. However, its use can only be in certain cases. Namely, when the expected result from this therapy will exceed the presence of a potential risk to the fetus. Certain and specific studies on the use of such a drug as the drug "Formetin" have not been conducted during the pregnancy period. At the time of treatment should stop breastfeeding. In any case, you should seek the advice of a qualified doctor.
Drug Interactions
Metformin increases sugar levels inblood. This is especially evident when taken simultaneously with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, sulfonylurea and clofibrate derivatives, monoamine oxidase inhibitors, acarbose, insulin, oxytetracycline, cyclophosphamide, adrenoblockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors.
When used together with endocrine drugs (oral contraceptives, glucocorticosteroids, sympathomimetics, epinephrine, thyroid hormones, glucagon, thiazide and loop diuretics, phenothiazine derivatives, nicotinic acid derivatives), metformin may inhibit the hypoglycemic process.
When a drug such as Formetin is combined with Cymidine, Nifedipine, the risk of lactic acidosis develops, which inhibits the excretion of metformin from the body. This is observed when taking alcohol-containing products, including as part of medicines.
Cationic agents (quinidine, amiloride, digoxin, procainamide, morphine, quinine, vancomycin, ranitidine, triamterene) formed in the tubules compete for transport systems and can increase drug levels by up to 60% in long-term treatment.
Overdose
An overdose of "Formetin" was observed when taking 0.85 grams per day and provoked lactic acidosis. Also, a high content of metformin is due to improper functioning of the kidneys.
Early symptoms of lactic acidosis are weakness of the whole body, bloating, low body temperature, stomach pain andmuscles, decreased blood pressure, reflex bradyarrhythmia. In some cases, there are manifestations of frequent breathing, impaired consciousness, dizziness and, as a result, coma develops.
At the slightest occurrence of symptoms of an overdose, stop using the drug and consult a doctor to confirm the diagnosis of lactic acidosis. To remove the active substance of the indicated agent and lactic acid from the body, hemodialysis with parallel symptomatic treatment will help.
"Formetin": analogues
There are many funds of this type. Analogues of "Formetin" are preparations containing metformin hydrochloride as the main component in their composition. An example is the medicines of Russian manufacturers: Vero-Metformin, Gliformin, Metformin, Metformin-Richter, and foreign ones - Glucophage, Glucophage and Glucophage Long (France), Langerin "(Slovakia), "Metfogamma" with different dosages of the active substance 0.100, 0.500 and 0.850 g (Germany).
Terms and conditions of storage
There are certain conditions in this plan. The drug "Formetin" is potent, so it is released only by prescription and requires storage at room temperature, out of the reach of children and sunlight. Its shelf life is 2 years.
Cost
The average price for the drug "Formetin" is set depending ondosages: from 59 rubles. for a blister 0.5 g, 133 rubles. for 0.85 g and 232 rubles. for 1 year
Conclusion
All of the above contains a lot of useful information. After reading this article, everyone will be able to find the answer to the question of how to take "Formetin" and what properties it has.
